胶州湾湾口海底沙波地形地貌特征及其活动性研究
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摘要
利用多波束、侧扫声纳以及单道地震资料对胶州湾湾口潮流作用下形成的典型海底沙波地貌的平面形态、剖面特征和分布特点进行了分析研究。根据实测的水文资料计算了不同潮流流速下沙波的瞬时移动速度,推测了直脊型沙波和新月型沙波的形成]化过程:区内新月型沙波在西向优势流的作用下大约以50m/a的速度向西迁移,直脊型沙波则在两端方向不一致的优势流长期作用下,发生逆时针旋转,同时在往复流的作用下以一个平衡位置左右摆动;就地貌形态而言,新月型沙波是不稳定的,直脊型沙波达到相对平衡状态。
Based on multibeam bathymetric data, side-scan data and seismic profiles, morphology and migration of submarine sand waves in the Jiaozhou Bay mouth are studied. In morphology, two types of sand waves are recognized:straight crest type and crescentic type. The study shows that the distribution of sand waves is controlled by tidal current. The straight crest sand waves are located on the slope north of the sea route where the current velocity of westward flood tide is counteract to that of eastward ebb tide. The straight crest sand waves wiggle and rotate counterclockwise under the control of dominant current in different directions at two terminals. The crescentic sand waves are formed by westward dominant current to the north of the straight crest ones. Migration rate of these two kinds of sand waves at different current speeds are calculated using Rubin formula. The crescentic sand waves move westward at about 50m/a. The straight crest ones are relatively stable in a long period of time, but can migrate back and forth for several decimeters in a tidal cycle. The migration rate indicates that the submarine sand waves are instable. Special caution must be taken in submarine engineering, especially laying cables or pipes.
Based on multibeam bathymetric data, side-scan data and seismic profiles, morphology and migration of submarine sand waves in the Jiaozhou Bay mouth are studied. In morphology, two types of sand waves are recognized:straight crest type and crescentic type. The study shows that the distribution of sand waves is controlled by tidal current. The straight crest sand waves are located on the slope north of the sea route where the current velocity of westward flood tide is counteract to that of eastward ebb tide. The straight crest sand waves wiggle and rotate counterclockwise under the control of dominant current in different directions at two terminals. The crescentic sand waves are formed by westward dominant current to the north of the straight crest ones. Migration rate of these two kinds of sand waves at different current speeds are calculated using Rubin formula. The crescentic sand waves move westward at about 50m/a. The straight crest ones are relatively stable in a long period of time, but can migrate back and forth for several decimeters in a tidal cycle. The migration rate indicates that the submarine sand waves are instable. Special caution must be taken in submarine engineering, especially laying cables or pipes.
引文
1)青岛环海海洋工程勘察研究院,2000.青岛海湾大桥现场水文测验报告
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冯文科,夏 真,李小荣,1993.南海北部海底沙波稳定性研究.南海地质研究,5:26—42
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汪亚平,高 抒,贾建军,2000.胶州湾及邻近海域沉积物分布特征和运移趋势.地理学报,55:450—458
夏东兴,吴桑云,刘振夏等,2001.海南东方岸外海低沙波活动性研究.黄渤海海洋,19:17—24
高 抒,方国洪,于克俊等,2001.海底稳定性评价方法及应用实例.海洋科学集刊,43:25—37
程和琴,时 钟,Kostaschuk Ray等,2004.长江口南支-南港沙波的稳定域.海洋与湖沼,36(3):214—220
Allen,J R L,1980.Sand wave immobility and the internalmaster bedding of sand wave deposits.Geological Maga-zine,117(5):347—446
Gadd P E,Lavelle J W,Swift D J P,1978.Estimates of sandtransport on the New York shelf using near-bottom cur-rent meter observations.Journal of Sedimentary Petrolo-gy,48:239—252
Harris P T,1988.Sediment,bedforms and bedload transportpathways on the continental shelf adjacent to TorrresStrait, Australia-Papua New Guinea.Continental ShelfResearch,8(8):979—1003
Henningsa I,Lurina B,Vernemmenb Cet al,2000.On thebehaviour of tidal current directions due to the presenceof submarine sand waves.Marine Geology,169:57—68
Katoh K,Kume H,Kuroki Ket al,1998.The development ofsand waves and the maintenance of navigation channelsin the Bisanseto Sea.Coastal Engineering’98.ACSE,Reston,VA:3490—3502
Knaapen MAF and Hulscher S J MH,2002.Regeneration ofsand waves after dredging.Coastal Engineering 46:277—289
Rubin D M,Huter R E,1982.Bedforms climbing in theoryand nature.Sedimentology,29:121—138
Soulsby R, 1997.Dynamics of Marine Sands-Amanual forpractical Applications.Thomas Telford,London,1—249
王尚毅,李大鸣,1994.南海珠江口盆地陆架斜坡及大陆坡海底沙波动态分析.海洋学报, 16:122—132
冯文科,夏 真,李小荣,1993.南海北部海底沙波稳定性研究.南海地质研究,5:26—42
叶银灿,宋连清,陈锡土,1984.东海海底不良工程地质现象分析.东海海洋,2(3):30—35
汪亚平,高 抒,贾建军,2000.胶州湾及邻近海域沉积物分布特征和运移趋势.地理学报,55:450—458
夏东兴,吴桑云,刘振夏等,2001.海南东方岸外海低沙波活动性研究.黄渤海海洋,19:17—24
高 抒,方国洪,于克俊等,2001.海底稳定性评价方法及应用实例.海洋科学集刊,43:25—37
程和琴,时 钟,Kostaschuk Ray等,2004.长江口南支-南港沙波的稳定域.海洋与湖沼,36(3):214—220
Allen,J R L,1980.Sand wave immobility and the internalmaster bedding of sand wave deposits.Geological Maga-zine,117(5):347—446
Gadd P E,Lavelle J W,Swift D J P,1978.Estimates of sandtransport on the New York shelf using near-bottom cur-rent meter observations.Journal of Sedimentary Petrolo-gy,48:239—252
Harris P T,1988.Sediment,bedforms and bedload transportpathways on the continental shelf adjacent to TorrresStrait, Australia-Papua New Guinea.Continental ShelfResearch,8(8):979—1003
Henningsa I,Lurina B,Vernemmenb Cet al,2000.On thebehaviour of tidal current directions due to the presenceof submarine sand waves.Marine Geology,169:57—68
Katoh K,Kume H,Kuroki Ket al,1998.The development ofsand waves and the maintenance of navigation channelsin the Bisanseto Sea.Coastal Engineering’98.ACSE,Reston,VA:3490—3502
Knaapen MAF and Hulscher S J MH,2002.Regeneration ofsand waves after dredging.Coastal Engineering 46:277—289
Rubin D M,Huter R E,1982.Bedforms climbing in theoryand nature.Sedimentology,29:121—138
Soulsby R, 1997.Dynamics of Marine Sands-Amanual forpractical Applications.Thomas Telford,London,1—249
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