准噶尔盆地腹部白垩系/侏罗系不整合地层剥蚀厚度的恢复方法
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摘要
以准噶尔盆地腹部发育于侏罗系顶部和白垩系底部之间的不整合(K/J不整合)为研究对象,基于相同的沉积构造背景下相邻三级层序的地层厚度展布具有相似的趋势,提出了可用于恢复地层剥蚀厚度的参考层序厚度比值法。该方法的具体工作流程为:①在地震剖面上进行三级层序划分,经时-深转换得到各三级层序的地层厚度展布;②选择剥蚀面下未被剥蚀、层序厚度变化范围小的一个或者多个三级层序作为参考层序;③利用单井的地层剥蚀厚度恢复结果,拟合发生剥蚀前的参考层序厚度与参考层序至沉积面的地层厚度(包括参考层的厚度)比值的分布,即拟合剥蚀前的原始沉积面;④用该沉积面深度减去现今的剥蚀面深度就得到地层剥蚀厚度,并根据实际的地质模型对剥蚀厚度进行校正。研究结果表明,研究区西段剥蚀厚度为300~800m,东段剥蚀厚度在300m以下。该剥蚀厚度恢复方法适用于恢复范围大、钻井数量少和研究程度低的地区的剥蚀厚度。
A new method for restoration of eroded strata thickness by ratios of reference sequence strata thickness(RRSST) was proposed and used to restore the thickness of eroded strata in the Cretaceous/Jurassic(K/J) unconformity in the hinterland of Junggar Basin.The new method is based upon the similarity distribution of sequences strata thickness under similar tectonic and depositional environment.The restoration steps are as follows.First,the sequence boundaries were plotted on the seismic sections,and the thickness of single sequence was got out according to time-depth conversion.Second,the single sequence or multiple sequences underlying the K/J unconformity with no erosion and small variation range of sequences strata thickness were taken as reference sequences.Third,the distribution of RRSST when erosion just began to happen was modeled using eroded strata thickness and thickness of sequence strata in single well.Last,the eroded strata thickness was worked out using the modeled RRSST,the strata thickness of the reference sequences and the strata thickness from the bottom of the reference sequences to the eroded surface at present.Calibration of restored eroded strata thickness could be made according to geological model.The restoration shows that the eroded strata thickness is from 300 meters to 800 meters in the west part of Junggar Basin and below 300 meters in the east part of the basin.The method can be widely used in large area with few wells and low level of recognitions.
A new method for restoration of eroded strata thickness by ratios of reference sequence strata thickness(RRSST) was proposed and used to restore the thickness of eroded strata in the Cretaceous/Jurassic(K/J) unconformity in the hinterland of Junggar Basin.The new method is based upon the similarity distribution of sequences strata thickness under similar tectonic and depositional environment.The restoration steps are as follows.First,the sequence boundaries were plotted on the seismic sections,and the thickness of single sequence was got out according to time-depth conversion.Second,the single sequence or multiple sequences underlying the K/J unconformity with no erosion and small variation range of sequences strata thickness were taken as reference sequences.Third,the distribution of RRSST when erosion just began to happen was modeled using eroded strata thickness and thickness of sequence strata in single well.Last,the eroded strata thickness was worked out using the modeled RRSST,the strata thickness of the reference sequences and the strata thickness from the bottom of the reference sequences to the eroded surface at present.Calibration of restored eroded strata thickness could be made according to geological model.The restoration shows that the eroded strata thickness is from 300 meters to 800 meters in the west part of Junggar Basin and below 300 meters in the east part of the basin.The method can be widely used in large area with few wells and low level of recognitions.
引文
[1]杨文孝,况军,徐长胜.准噶尔盆地大油田形成条件和预测[J].新疆石油地质,1995,16(3):201-211.
[2]吴庆福.准噶尔盆地发育阶段、构造单元划分及局部构造成因概论[J].新疆石油地质,1986,7(1):29-37.
[3]何生,王青岭.关于用镜质体反射率恢复地层剥蚀厚度的问题的讨论[J].地质论评,1989,35(2):119-125.
[4]陈增智,柳广弟,郝石生.修正的镜质体反射率剥蚀厚度恢复方法[J].沉积学报,1999,17(1):141-144.
[5]牟中海,唐勇,崔炳富,等.塔西南地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):40-44.
[6]Magara K.Thickness of removed sediments,paleopore pressure,and paleotemperature,southwestern part of Western Canada Ba-sin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1976,60(4):554-565.
[7]Heasler H P,Kharitonova N A.Analysis of sonic well logs ap-plied to erosion estimates in the Bighorn Basin,Wyoming[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(5):630-646.
[8]Dow W G.Kerogen studies and geological interpretations[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1977,7(1):79-99.
[9]Katz B J,Pheifer R N,Schunk D J.Interpretation of discontinu-ous vitrinite reflectance profiles[J].AAPG Bulletin,1988,72(8):926-931.
[10]胡圣标,汪集?,张容燕.利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):42-45.
[11]郝石生,贺志勇,高耀斌,等.恢复地层剥蚀厚度的最优化方法[J].沉积学报,1988,6(4):93-98.
[12]张一伟,金之钧,刘国臣,等.塔里木盆地环满加尔地区主要不整合形成过程及剥蚀量研究[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):449-457.
[13]刘国臣,金之均,李金昌.沉积盆地沉积-剥蚀过程定量研究的一种新方法———盆地波动分析应用之一[J].沉积学报,1995,13(3):23-30.
[14]Gleadow A J W,Dudaly I R,Iovering J F.Fission track analysis:A new tool for the evaluation of thermal histories and hydrocar-bon potential[J].APEA Journal,1983,23(part1):93-102.
[15]柳益群,周立发.关于地层剥蚀厚度求取方法的讨论———以吐哈盆地为例[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,1997,27(4):337-339.
[16]查明,张卫海,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地异常高压特征、成因及勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):31-35.
[17]李伟.恢复地层剥蚀厚度方法综述[J].中国海上油气(地质),1996,10(3):167-171.
[18]Guidish T M,Kendall C G St C,Lerche I,et al.Basin evaluationusing burial history calculations:An overview[J].AAPG Bulle-tin,1985,69(1):92-105.
[19]蒲仁海,梅志超,唐中华.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系陆相层序地层学初探[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(4),335-342.
①郝芳,曾溅辉.准噶尔盆地构造演化、沉积储层与油气成藏和分布预测.中国石化西部新区勘探指挥部,2004.
[2]吴庆福.准噶尔盆地发育阶段、构造单元划分及局部构造成因概论[J].新疆石油地质,1986,7(1):29-37.
[3]何生,王青岭.关于用镜质体反射率恢复地层剥蚀厚度的问题的讨论[J].地质论评,1989,35(2):119-125.
[4]陈增智,柳广弟,郝石生.修正的镜质体反射率剥蚀厚度恢复方法[J].沉积学报,1999,17(1):141-144.
[5]牟中海,唐勇,崔炳富,等.塔西南地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):40-44.
[6]Magara K.Thickness of removed sediments,paleopore pressure,and paleotemperature,southwestern part of Western Canada Ba-sin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1976,60(4):554-565.
[7]Heasler H P,Kharitonova N A.Analysis of sonic well logs ap-plied to erosion estimates in the Bighorn Basin,Wyoming[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(5):630-646.
[8]Dow W G.Kerogen studies and geological interpretations[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1977,7(1):79-99.
[9]Katz B J,Pheifer R N,Schunk D J.Interpretation of discontinu-ous vitrinite reflectance profiles[J].AAPG Bulletin,1988,72(8):926-931.
[10]胡圣标,汪集?,张容燕.利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(4):42-45.
[11]郝石生,贺志勇,高耀斌,等.恢复地层剥蚀厚度的最优化方法[J].沉积学报,1988,6(4):93-98.
[12]张一伟,金之钧,刘国臣,等.塔里木盆地环满加尔地区主要不整合形成过程及剥蚀量研究[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):449-457.
[13]刘国臣,金之均,李金昌.沉积盆地沉积-剥蚀过程定量研究的一种新方法———盆地波动分析应用之一[J].沉积学报,1995,13(3):23-30.
[14]Gleadow A J W,Dudaly I R,Iovering J F.Fission track analysis:A new tool for the evaluation of thermal histories and hydrocar-bon potential[J].APEA Journal,1983,23(part1):93-102.
[15]柳益群,周立发.关于地层剥蚀厚度求取方法的讨论———以吐哈盆地为例[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,1997,27(4):337-339.
[16]查明,张卫海,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地异常高压特征、成因及勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):31-35.
[17]李伟.恢复地层剥蚀厚度方法综述[J].中国海上油气(地质),1996,10(3):167-171.
[18]Guidish T M,Kendall C G St C,Lerche I,et al.Basin evaluationusing burial history calculations:An overview[J].AAPG Bulle-tin,1985,69(1):92-105.
[19]蒲仁海,梅志超,唐中华.准噶尔盆地东部侏罗系陆相层序地层学初探[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(4),335-342.
①郝芳,曾溅辉.准噶尔盆地构造演化、沉积储层与油气成藏和分布预测.中国石化西部新区勘探指挥部,2004.
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