海啸灾害后印度尼西亚班达阿齐市的土地覆盖变化与海岸带区域规划(英文)
|
摘要
2004年12月26日,由于欧亚板块的碰撞,40年以来最大的地震灾害发生在印度洋。地震诱发的海啸影响到Nangroe Aceh Darussalam省的许多城市,包括省会城市班达阿齐。在这地区共有超过12万人死亡,100万人无家可归。基于遥感数据的分析表明,有12万亩的土地受到了灾害。在班达阿齐市,鱼塘、住宅用地和保护区的变化是这一地区最显著的土地利用/覆盖变化,受灾前后这些用地类型的面积相应的变化了61.5%、57.8%和77.6%。目前,印度尼西亚中央政府正在计划一个新的海岸带土地利用规划,在原来密集的海岸带建立一个缓冲区(约距海岸带2 km)。政府已经要求许多海岸带的社区代表与非政府组织参与到决策的过程中。为了选择并采取最佳的土地利用方式,海啸灾害后的海岸带规划应该包括一些重要的基本要素。本研究主要关注作为该省社会经济活动中心的班达阿齐市。检测了由于海啸灾害造成的土地利用/覆盖变化(包括物理破坏),特别是农业用地和居住区用地的变化,并且分析了受灾村落的不同类型及灾害对社会经济活动造成的影响。此外,还为政府以及当地居民在灾后的规划中选择更为可持续的空间布局方案提出了建议。
On 26 December2004 the biggestearthquake in40 years occured between the Australian plateand Eurasian plate in the Indian Ocean.The quake triggered a tsunami(series of large waves) thatspread out to several coastal cities in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam Province,including its Capital,BandaAceh City.In this region over 120 000 lives have lost and 1 million is homeless.Based on analysis re-mote sensing data(preliminary report of LAPAN),more than120 000 hm2of land are damaged.In Ban-da Aceh City,the changes of fishponds,residential areas and conservation areas(mangrove and otherforest) were dominated the land use/cover changes.These three land use/covers were decreased about61.5%,57.8% and 77.6% from the former respectively.The central government is preparing a newcoastal spatial planning which promotes a buffer zone(about 2 km from the seashore) in the formerlymost dense areas.Many groups of coastal communities and NGOs are asking for the involvement of localcommunity in decision making process.In order to selectand adoptthe bestuse of the land,the coastal spatial zoning in the aftermath of thetsunami should determine several basic issues.This study is focusing on Banda Aceh City as center ofmany socio-economic activities.This study examines the changes of land use-cover(including physicaldamages) due to the impact of tsunami especially for agriculture and settlement uses and analyzes the ty-pology of affected villages based on land use/cover changes and socioeconomic aspects.Moreover,thisstudy examines the government spatial planning in the aftermath of tsunami and the local people needs toseek some sustainable options for the future spatial arrangements.
On 26 December2004 the biggestearthquake in40 years occured between the Australian plateand Eurasian plate in the Indian Ocean.The quake triggered a tsunami(series of large waves) thatspread out to several coastal cities in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam Province,including its Capital,BandaAceh City.In this region over 120 000 lives have lost and 1 million is homeless.Based on analysis re-mote sensing data(preliminary report of LAPAN),more than120 000 hm2of land are damaged.In Ban-da Aceh City,the changes of fishponds,residential areas and conservation areas(mangrove and otherforest) were dominated the land use/cover changes.These three land use/covers were decreased about61.5%,57.8% and 77.6% from the former respectively.The central government is preparing a newcoastal spatial planning which promotes a buffer zone(about 2 km from the seashore) in the formerlymost dense areas.Many groups of coastal communities and NGOs are asking for the involvement of localcommunity in decision making process.In order to selectand adoptthe bestuse of the land,the coastal spatial zoning in the aftermath of thetsunami should determine several basic issues.This study is focusing on Banda Aceh City as center ofmany socio-economic activities.This study examines the changes of land use-cover(including physicaldamages) due to the impact of tsunami especially for agriculture and settlement uses and analyzes the ty-pology of affected villages based on land use/cover changes and socioeconomic aspects.Moreover,thisstudy examines the government spatial planning in the aftermath of tsunami and the local people needs toseek some sustainable options for the future spatial arrangements.
引文
[1]Shoshany M,Goldhleger N.Land Use and population densitychanges in israel-1950 to 1990:Analysis of regional and localtrends[J].Land Use Policy,2002,19:123-133.
[2]Barlowe R.Land Resources Economics[M].London:PrenticeHall International,Inc,1986.
[3]Kay R,Alder J.Coastal Planning and Management[M].London:E&FN Spon.1999.
[4]FAO.Guidelines for Land-Use Planning[M].FAO DevelopmentSeries 1.ISSN1020-0819,1993.
[5]Savina G C,White A T.A tale of two islands:Some lessons frommarine resource management[J].Environmental Conservation,1986,13(2):107-113.
[6]Stone R.Conservation and development in St Lucia[J].WorldWildlife Fund Letter,1988,(3):1-8.
[7]Ehler C,Basta D.Intergrated manajemen of coastal areas and ma-rine sanctuaries[J].Oceans,1993,36(3):6-14.
[8]Kelleher G.Progress toward a global systems of Marine ProtectedAreas[C]∥Proceedings of the Fourth Fenner Conference on theEnvironment.Sydney,Australia,1993:36-38,IUCN.
[9]Yayasan Laut Lestari Indonesia,Yayasan Puter and WGAR IPB.Krue Semangat Panglima Laot[C]∥Prosiding Pertemuan dan DoaBersama Lembaga Hukum Adat Laot/Panglima Laot Se-PropinsiNanggroe Aceh Darussalam 19-20 Februari 2005(Proceeding ofLocal Institutions Gathering“Panglima Laot”,Nanggroe Aceh Da-russalam Province).19-20 February,2005.
[2]Barlowe R.Land Resources Economics[M].London:PrenticeHall International,Inc,1986.
[3]Kay R,Alder J.Coastal Planning and Management[M].London:E&FN Spon.1999.
[4]FAO.Guidelines for Land-Use Planning[M].FAO DevelopmentSeries 1.ISSN1020-0819,1993.
[5]Savina G C,White A T.A tale of two islands:Some lessons frommarine resource management[J].Environmental Conservation,1986,13(2):107-113.
[6]Stone R.Conservation and development in St Lucia[J].WorldWildlife Fund Letter,1988,(3):1-8.
[7]Ehler C,Basta D.Intergrated manajemen of coastal areas and ma-rine sanctuaries[J].Oceans,1993,36(3):6-14.
[8]Kelleher G.Progress toward a global systems of Marine ProtectedAreas[C]∥Proceedings of the Fourth Fenner Conference on theEnvironment.Sydney,Australia,1993:36-38,IUCN.
[9]Yayasan Laut Lestari Indonesia,Yayasan Puter and WGAR IPB.Krue Semangat Panglima Laot[C]∥Prosiding Pertemuan dan DoaBersama Lembaga Hukum Adat Laot/Panglima Laot Se-PropinsiNanggroe Aceh Darussalam 19-20 Februari 2005(Proceeding ofLocal Institutions Gathering“Panglima Laot”,Nanggroe Aceh Da-russalam Province).19-20 February,2005.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心