滩浅海地震勘探几种常见问题探讨
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摘要
滩浅海地震勘探具有特殊性,复杂的地表条件、波浪干扰、潮汐影响等因素使地震施工异常困难,水流引起检波点偏移等问题,导致地震资料品质极差。在尼日利亚OML114区块地震施工过程中,通过滤波分析实时监控指导采集施工,采用合适的检波器组合应对波浪干扰;通过收集分析潮汐规律,制定科学高效的施工对策;采用二次定位和二次测量技术,解决检波点偏移引起的反射波连续性差、信噪比低的问题;通过加密炮点解决覆盖次数不均匀的问题。实施相应措施后获得了较为优质的地震资料,同时提出了有待进一步解决的问题。
Because of specific characteristic of seismic exploration in paralic zone,more difficult seismic construction,which is affected by the factors such as complex surface condition,wave interference,tidal effects,etc.,and detection point migration caused by water flow can lead to poor quality of the seismic data.In the seismic acquisition of block OML 114 in Nigeria,the scientific and efficient construction strategies were drafted by filter analysis real-time monitoring for guiding acquisition of seismic data,adopting suitable geophone pattern for reducing wave interference,and analyzing tidal patterns.The poor continuity and lower signal to noirse ratio (SNR) of the reflected wave,which were caused by detection point migration,were solved by using the secondary positioning and measurement technology.The uneven coverage was worked out by infilling shot points.After implementing these appropriate measures,high quality seismic data were obtained and some problems to be further studied were put up.
Because of specific characteristic of seismic exploration in paralic zone,more difficult seismic construction,which is affected by the factors such as complex surface condition,wave interference,tidal effects,etc.,and detection point migration caused by water flow can lead to poor quality of the seismic data.In the seismic acquisition of block OML 114 in Nigeria,the scientific and efficient construction strategies were drafted by filter analysis real-time monitoring for guiding acquisition of seismic data,adopting suitable geophone pattern for reducing wave interference,and analyzing tidal patterns.The poor continuity and lower signal to noirse ratio (SNR) of the reflected wave,which were caused by detection point migration,were solved by using the secondary positioning and measurement technology.The uneven coverage was worked out by infilling shot points.After implementing these appropriate measures,high quality seismic data were obtained and some problems to be further studied were put up.
引文
[1]李丕龙,宋玉龙,王新红,等.滩浅海地区高精度地震勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.
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[3]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1996.
[2]牟永光.地震勘探资料数字处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1981.
[3]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1996.
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