贡觉县克西林沟泥石流特征及成因分析
|
摘要
以西藏贡觉县克西林沟泥石流为例,对该泥石流活动的3个分区(形成区、流通区、堆积区)的物质组成、几何特征进行归纳总结,对其成因从地形地貌、地质构造、地层岩性、水文气象以及人类活动等方面进行分析,结果表明,强烈的新构造运动和频繁的地震活动构成了该地区泥石流灾害发生的宏观地质条件;由古代冰川剥蚀作用形成的冰蚀地貌,为泥石流的汇水、物质来源及流动提供了必要条件;成土作用差,且沟坡陡峻水土流失严重,造成植被覆盖率低,为泥石流发生提供了生态环境条件;集中的大量降雨以及由于强烈物理风化作用形成的大量碎屑物成为泥石流的基本物质组成来源;盲目的人为活动加剧了泥石流的发生、发展及其危害程度。最后对该地区泥石流灾害的预防治理,从其成因的角度提出了系列建议。
Taking the debris flow of Kelinxi gully in Gongjue County of Tibet as an example,the material composition and the geometrical features of forming,circulation and accumulation areas were summarized,and the forming causes were analyzed from the terrain and landforms,the geological structure,the formation lithology,the hydrology and meteorology as well as human activities.The results were as follows: intensive neotectonic movement and frequent earthquake activity were regarded as the macroscopic geological conditions of occurrence of debris flow disasters;the glaciated landform,formed by ancient glacial denudation was regarded as the prerequisite for the catchment of debris flow,the material source and flowage of debris flow;the poor soil formation and the low vegetation coverage ratio caused by severe soil and water loss were regarded as the ecological and environmental conditions of occurrence of debris flow disasters;the mass rainfall and abundant clastics which formed by strong physical weathering were regarded as the basic material composition and source of occurrence of debris flow disasters;the blindfold human activities aggravated the emergence,development and harm extent of debris flow disasters.Finally,some suggestions for prevention of debris flow disasters were put forward from the genesis.
Taking the debris flow of Kelinxi gully in Gongjue County of Tibet as an example,the material composition and the geometrical features of forming,circulation and accumulation areas were summarized,and the forming causes were analyzed from the terrain and landforms,the geological structure,the formation lithology,the hydrology and meteorology as well as human activities.The results were as follows: intensive neotectonic movement and frequent earthquake activity were regarded as the macroscopic geological conditions of occurrence of debris flow disasters;the glaciated landform,formed by ancient glacial denudation was regarded as the prerequisite for the catchment of debris flow,the material source and flowage of debris flow;the poor soil formation and the low vegetation coverage ratio caused by severe soil and water loss were regarded as the ecological and environmental conditions of occurrence of debris flow disasters;the mass rainfall and abundant clastics which formed by strong physical weathering were regarded as the basic material composition and source of occurrence of debris flow disasters;the blindfold human activities aggravated the emergence,development and harm extent of debris flow disasters.Finally,some suggestions for prevention of debris flow disasters were put forward from the genesis.
引文
[1]戚国庆,曹修定,夏抱本,等.西藏贡觉县泥石流灾害研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2004,15(2):112-116.
[2]田连权.西藏波密加马其美沟泥石流运动与冲淤特征[M]//中国科学院成都地理研究所.泥石流论文集.重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社,1981:12.
[3]汤明高,许强,马和平,等.西藏昌都镇地质灾害发育特征及防治对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2006,17(4):11-16.
[2]田连权.西藏波密加马其美沟泥石流运动与冲淤特征[M]//中国科学院成都地理研究所.泥石流论文集.重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社,1981:12.
[3]汤明高,许强,马和平,等.西藏昌都镇地质灾害发育特征及防治对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2006,17(4):11-16.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心