剩余静校正异常对叠加结果的影响与采集参数和反射特征的关系
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摘要
从地震勘探的基本原理出发,分析了剩余静校正异常对叠加结果影响的基本假定和数学模型,详细推导剩余静校正异常的幅度和波长(剩余异常变化速率)对纵波和转换波叠加的影响与地震排列长度、信号频率、反射同相轴时间关系的公式,并按公式研制了相应的软件。分析这些关系表明:地震信号的高频分量受剩余异常影响大;剩余异常引起的能量衰减与深度无关,剩余异常引起的相位延迟随深度而变化;由于切除,长波长异常使浅层同相轴形态畸变,短波长异常使深层同相轴能量衰减;转换波比纵波剩余异常幅度大且变化剧烈,转换波剩余异常是Vp/Vs,界面深度和炮检距的函数。这些参数间的关系可作为最佳采集参数设计和处理方法选择的一种依据。
This paper analyses fundamental hypotheses and model for influence of residual static correction on stack result based on basic principle of seismic survey, deduces the relationship formulae between the influence of residual anomalies (size and length) on stack result and the spread length, the dominant signal frequency, reflected event time, and develops corresponding software. These analyses indicate that the influence on high frequency of seismic signal are enormous, the energy attenuation aroused by residual anomalies are independent of depth, while phase detention varies with depth, owning to muting, long wave-length anomalies bring the aberration to shallow events configuration, and short wave-length anomalies lend to deep events energy attenuation, the sizes of residual anomalies of PS wave are bigger than ones of P wave and change acutely, PS residual anomaly is a function of Vp/Vs interface depth and shot-receive distance. The relationship of these parameters can provide an evidence for optimal acquisition parameter devising and processing.
This paper analyses fundamental hypotheses and model for influence of residual static correction on stack result based on basic principle of seismic survey, deduces the relationship formulae between the influence of residual anomalies (size and length) on stack result and the spread length, the dominant signal frequency, reflected event time, and develops corresponding software. These analyses indicate that the influence on high frequency of seismic signal are enormous, the energy attenuation aroused by residual anomalies are independent of depth, while phase detention varies with depth, owning to muting, long wave-length anomalies bring the aberration to shallow events configuration, and short wave-length anomalies lend to deep events energy attenuation, the sizes of residual anomalies of PS wave are bigger than ones of P wave and change acutely, PS residual anomaly is a function of Vp/Vs interface depth and shot-receive distance. The relationship of these parameters can provide an evidence for optimal acquisition parameter devising and processing.
引文
① 赵振飞 具有平缓变速低降速带的平缓高速顶界面反射折射波近地表模型走时层析反演算例 物探局科技攻关项目技术交流会材料 , 1 998
[1] HampsonD,RussellB.利用广义线性反演进行初至波三维解释[A].美国勘探地球物理学家学会 第54届SEG年会论文集(地震及专题部分)[C] 北京:石油工业出版社,1985 224～226
[2] WhiteDJ Two dimensionalseismicrefractiontomography[J]Geophy,1989,97:223～245.
[3] ZhangJ,ToksozMN.Nonlinearrefractiontraveltimetomography[J] Geophysics,1998,63:1726～1737.
[4] 李家康 近地表速度折射层析[A] 中国地球物理学会 中国地球物理学会年刊[C] 合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1999
[5] 李录明,罗省贤,赵波 初至波表层模型层析反演[J] 石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(5):559～564
[6] 陈宝孚 先验约束初至波层析成像方法研究及应用[D] 西安:长安大学,2002
[7] 潘宏勋 改进的相对折射静校正方法[J] 石油物探,2003,42(2):208～211
[8] 井西利 大剩余静校正量求解的两步法[J] 石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):22～26
[9] 王克斌 折射波静校正在苏里格七天三维处理中的应用[J] 石油物探,2003,42(2):248～251
[10] 李培明 模型约束的三维处置折射静校正[J] 石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):199～202
[11] RobertGarotta Aboutcompressional,convertedmodeandshearstatics[A] Int'lExpositionand72ndAnnualMeetingSaltlakeCity[C] SaltlakeCity:SEG,2002
[1] HampsonD,RussellB.利用广义线性反演进行初至波三维解释[A].美国勘探地球物理学家学会 第54届SEG年会论文集(地震及专题部分)[C] 北京:石油工业出版社,1985 224～226
[2] WhiteDJ Two dimensionalseismicrefractiontomography[J]Geophy,1989,97:223～245.
[3] ZhangJ,ToksozMN.Nonlinearrefractiontraveltimetomography[J] Geophysics,1998,63:1726～1737.
[4] 李家康 近地表速度折射层析[A] 中国地球物理学会 中国地球物理学会年刊[C] 合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1999
[5] 李录明,罗省贤,赵波 初至波表层模型层析反演[J] 石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(5):559～564
[6] 陈宝孚 先验约束初至波层析成像方法研究及应用[D] 西安:长安大学,2002
[7] 潘宏勋 改进的相对折射静校正方法[J] 石油物探,2003,42(2):208～211
[8] 井西利 大剩余静校正量求解的两步法[J] 石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):22～26
[9] 王克斌 折射波静校正在苏里格七天三维处理中的应用[J] 石油物探,2003,42(2):248～251
[10] 李培明 模型约束的三维处置折射静校正[J] 石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):199～202
[11] RobertGarotta Aboutcompressional,convertedmodeandshearstatics[A] Int'lExpositionand72ndAnnualMeetingSaltlakeCity[C] SaltlakeCity:SEG,2002
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