滩浅海地区海底电缆地震采集正交束线观测系统分析
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摘要
通过分析研究8L4S176T正交束线观测系统及其在复杂滩浅海区域施工时对接收设备、震源激发、二次定位和采集方法的要求,论证了该观测系统对于实现以提高中深层复杂构造成像精度和分辨率、衰减采集脚印为目的的地震采集在复杂海底应用的可行性。正交观测系统横向一次只滚动一个排列,有效避免了采集脚印的产生;根据不同水深采用不同的激发和接收方式,提高了轻型海底电缆地震资料的品质;声学定位、沿检波线激发等措施保障了采集效率。实际应用结果表明,该观测系统及其采集方法有效提高了地震资料信噪比,获得了更加丰富的波场信息,改善了成像精度。
Analysis on 8L4S176T orthogonal geometry and the requirements of its implementation for acquisition equipment,source excitation,secondary positioning,and acquisition mode demonstrates the feasibility of the geometry in complex seafloor in order to realize improving image accuracy and resolution of middle-deep layer complex structure and attenuating acquisition footprint. Orthogonal geometry only rolls one arrangement for each time in cross-line direction to effectively avoid the acquisition footprints; the different shooting and receiving mode with different water depths improves the quality of light submarine cable seismic data; acoustic positioning,exploding along receiver line and other measures improve the acquisition efficiency. The practical application shows that the geometry and acquisition method used improves the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data effectively,obtains richer wave field information,and enhances the imaging accuracy.
Analysis on 8L4S176T orthogonal geometry and the requirements of its implementation for acquisition equipment,source excitation,secondary positioning,and acquisition mode demonstrates the feasibility of the geometry in complex seafloor in order to realize improving image accuracy and resolution of middle-deep layer complex structure and attenuating acquisition footprint. Orthogonal geometry only rolls one arrangement for each time in cross-line direction to effectively avoid the acquisition footprints; the different shooting and receiving mode with different water depths improves the quality of light submarine cable seismic data; acoustic positioning,exploding along receiver line and other measures improve the acquisition efficiency. The practical application shows that the geometry and acquisition method used improves the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data effectively,obtains richer wave field information,and enhances the imaging accuracy.
引文
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[13]全海燕.海底电缆双检接收技术压制水柱混响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):7-12Quan H Y.The submarine cable double-sensorstechnology to suppress the water column reverbera-tion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(1):7-12
[14]杨惊涛.海上二次定位技术的研究与应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(增刊):67-69Yang J T.The research and application of the sec-ondary positioning technique at sea[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2002,41(S):67-69
[15]韩立强,常稳.海底电缆初至波二次定位技术的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):501-504Han L Q,Chang W.Application of first break sec-ond positioning technique in OBC[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):501-504
[2]凌云,高军,孙德胜,等.宽/窄方位角勘探实例分析与评价(一)[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):305-308Ling Y,Gao J,Sun D S,et al.The analysis and as-sessment of wide/narrow azimuth exploration cases[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(3):305-308
[3]冯凯,和冠慧.宽方位三维观测系统的发展现状与趋势[J].西南石油学院学报,2006,28(6):24-28Feng K,He G H.Development status and trends ofthe wide azimuth 3Dobservation systems[J].Jour-nal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2006,28(6):24-28
[4]凌云项目组.宽方位角地震勘探应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):350-356Ling Y Project Team.The research of wide-azimuthseismic exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(4):350-356
[5]侯成福,蒋连斌,高书琴.三维观测系统与采集脚印[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):611-615Hou C F,Jiang L B,Gao S Q.Three-dimensional ob-servation system and acquisition footprints[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,2007,42(6):611-615
[6]杨善钦,徐锦玺,任福新,等.垦东地区海陆过渡带地震采集技术应用[J].物探与化探,2005,29(2):163-166Yang S Q,Xu J X,Ren F X,et al.Ken East transi-tional zone seismic acquisition technology[J].Geo-physical and Geochemical Exploration,2005,29(2):163-166
[7]宋玉龙.滩浅海地区地震勘探存在的问题及其解决方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(4):343-346Song Y L.The problems and solutions of beachshallow water seismic exploration[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2005,44(4):343-346
[8]余志和,张庆淮,邸志欣,等.滩海地区采集方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):471-479Yu Z H,Zhang Q H,Di Z X,et al.Acquisition meth-ods in the beach area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospec-ting,2001,36(4):471-479
[9]宋玉龙,张建,杨怀春,等.滩浅海两栖地区油气地震勘探激发接收技术研究[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):424-430Song Y L,Zhang J,Yang H C,et al.The excitationand reception technology research of oil and gas seis-mic exploration in amphibious area[J].Progress inGeophysics,2004,19(2):424-430
[10]蒋连斌,侯成福,刘仁武,等.沙特复杂过渡带地震资料采集中的难点及对策[J].石油物探,2009,48(2):157-167Jiang L B,Hou C F,Liu R W,et al.Difficulties andcountermeasures in Saudi complex transition zoneseismic data acquisition[J].Geophysical Prospectingfor Petroleum,2009,48(2):157-167
[11]Hammond J W.Ghost elimination from reflection re-cords[J].Geophysics,1962,62(1):48-60
[12]周建新,姚姚.双检波器压制海上鸣震[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(5):359-362Zhou J X,Yao Y.Dual-detector to suppress the seareverberation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geol-ogy),1999,13(5):359-362
[13]全海燕.海底电缆双检接收技术压制水柱混响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):7-12Quan H Y.The submarine cable double-sensorstechnology to suppress the water column reverbera-tion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(1):7-12
[14]杨惊涛.海上二次定位技术的研究与应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(增刊):67-69Yang J T.The research and application of the sec-ondary positioning technique at sea[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2002,41(S):67-69
[15]韩立强,常稳.海底电缆初至波二次定位技术的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):501-504Han L Q,Chang W.Application of first break sec-ond positioning technique in OBC[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):501-504
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