杭州湾地区晚第四纪浅层生物气藏勘探方法研究
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摘要
杭州湾地区晚第四纪地层蕴藏有丰富的天然气,气藏具有气层薄、压力低、产量小的特点,是一种非常规浅层生物气,勘探方法不能简单的采用深层气的勘探方法。通过试验研究得到以下认识:重点目标区预探或已知气田区扩边可以采用打密集静力触探井的方法;追踪砂体的形态展布和进行大面积的勘探,应配合少量的地震、电法勘探,以及静电阿尔法薄膜测量、微生物法等非地震物化探方法。静力触探井对岩性、岩相划分对比,特别是储层识别较为有效;利用浅层横波地震剖面可以圈定含气砂体的边界;EH4电磁勘探能够追踪砂体展布,推断气层的厚度;气田上方氡气和甲烷菌的含量存在明显的异常。在杭州湾地区晚第四系浅层生物气藏勘探中,
Late Quaternary strata of Hangzhou Bay area are abundant in nature gas. It is a kind of unconventional shallow biogenic gas and characterized by thin gas zone, low depression and low production. It is considered that drilling static sounding well densely can be used for preliminary exploration in target area or enlarging of known gas fields, The exploration to trace the shape and distribution of sand body in large-scale area should rely on some seismic, non-seismic physical and chemical methods, such as electrostatic a film measuring, microbial method, etc. Static sounding well is effective in dividing or contrasting lithology and lithofacies, especially in identifying reservoir. The boundary of gas-bearing sand body can be outlined on shallow S-wave seismic profile. EH4 electromagnetic prospecting can trace the distribution of sand body hence the thickness of gas layers is deduced. The content of radon gas and methane bacteria indicates obvious abnormity above the gas pool. By applying above methods, satisfying effects have been a-chieved during the exploration of shallow biogenic gas in late Quaternary strata of Hangzhou Bay area
Late Quaternary strata of Hangzhou Bay area are abundant in nature gas. It is a kind of unconventional shallow biogenic gas and characterized by thin gas zone, low depression and low production. It is considered that drilling static sounding well densely can be used for preliminary exploration in target area or enlarging of known gas fields, The exploration to trace the shape and distribution of sand body in large-scale area should rely on some seismic, non-seismic physical and chemical methods, such as electrostatic a film measuring, microbial method, etc. Static sounding well is effective in dividing or contrasting lithology and lithofacies, especially in identifying reservoir. The boundary of gas-bearing sand body can be outlined on shallow S-wave seismic profile. EH4 electromagnetic prospecting can trace the distribution of sand body hence the thickness of gas layers is deduced. The content of radon gas and methane bacteria indicates obvious abnormity above the gas pool. By applying above methods, satisfying effects have been a-chieved during the exploration of shallow biogenic gas in late Quaternary strata of Hangzhou Bay area
引文
1 Shurr G W, Ridgley J L. Unconventional shallow bio-genie gas systems[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2002, 86(11): 1 939-1 969
2 Rice D D, Claypool G E. Generation, accumulation, and resource potential of biogenic gas[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1981, 65(1):5-25
3冯福闾,王庭斌,张士亚,等．中国天然气地质[M]．北 京:地质出版社,1995．237-335
4张顺,冯志强,林春明,等．松辽盆地新生界生物气聚集 及成藏条件[J]．石油学报,2004,25(3):18-22
5 Lin C M, Gu L X. , Li G Y,et al. Geology and formation mechanism of Late Quaternary shallow biogenic gas reservoirs in the Hangzhou Bay area, eastern Chi- na[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 98 (5): 613-625
6 Vilks G M, Rashid A, Linden Van Der W J M. Methane in recent sediments of the Labrador shelf[J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 1974, 11(6) :1 427-1 434
7 Schoell M. Genetic characterization of natural gas[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1983, 67(12) :2 225-2 238
8 Okyar M. Ediger V. Seismic evidence of shallow gas in the sediment on the shelf off Trabzon, southeastern Black Sea [J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1999, 19 (2): 575-587
9蒋维三,叶舟,郑华平,等．杭州湾地区第四系浅层天 然气的特征及勘探方法[J]．天然气工业,1997,17 (3):20-23
10林春明,蒋维三,李从先．杭州湾地区全新世典型生物 气藏特征分析[J]．石油学报,1997,18(8):44-50
11林春明,卓弘春,李广月,等．杭州湾地区浅层生物气 资源量计算及其地质意义[J]．石油与天然气地质, 2005,26(6):823-839
12林春明,黄志诚,朱嗣昭,等．杭州湾沿岸地区晚第四纪 地层沉积特征和沉积过程[J]．地质学报,1999,73 (2):110-120
13 Lin C M, Zhuo H C, Gao S. Sedimentary facies and evolution of the Qiantang River incised valley, East China[J]. Marine Geology,2005, 219 (4):235-259
14林春明．静力触探技术在钱塘江口全新统超浅层天然 气勘探中的应用[J]．南方油气地质,1995,1(4):38- 45
15吴光大．柴达木盆地东部第四系典型气藏特征[J]．石 油学报,1995,16(1):10-15
16尹兵祥,王南萍,刘洪涛．氡测量在油气勘探中的应用 [J]．石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(2):23- 25
17毛立峰,王绪本,高永才．大地电磁概率成像及其改进 方法的成像效果评价[J]．石油物探,2004,43(6): 612-616
18伍岳．EH4电磁成像系统在砂岩地区勘查地下水的 应用研究[J]．物探与化探,1999,23(5):335-346
19刘鸿泉,孙希奎,张华兴,等．电磁成像系统在煤矿中 的应用研究[J]．煤炭科学技术,2002,30(10):39-46
20林春明,钱奕中,浙江沿海平原全新统气源岩特征及 生物气形成的控制因素[J]．沉积学报,1997,15(增 刊):75-80
2 Rice D D, Claypool G E. Generation, accumulation, and resource potential of biogenic gas[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1981, 65(1):5-25
3冯福闾,王庭斌,张士亚,等．中国天然气地质[M]．北 京:地质出版社,1995．237-335
4张顺,冯志强,林春明,等．松辽盆地新生界生物气聚集 及成藏条件[J]．石油学报,2004,25(3):18-22
5 Lin C M, Gu L X. , Li G Y,et al. Geology and formation mechanism of Late Quaternary shallow biogenic gas reservoirs in the Hangzhou Bay area, eastern Chi- na[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 98 (5): 613-625
6 Vilks G M, Rashid A, Linden Van Der W J M. Methane in recent sediments of the Labrador shelf[J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 1974, 11(6) :1 427-1 434
7 Schoell M. Genetic characterization of natural gas[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1983, 67(12) :2 225-2 238
8 Okyar M. Ediger V. Seismic evidence of shallow gas in the sediment on the shelf off Trabzon, southeastern Black Sea [J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1999, 19 (2): 575-587
9蒋维三,叶舟,郑华平,等．杭州湾地区第四系浅层天 然气的特征及勘探方法[J]．天然气工业,1997,17 (3):20-23
10林春明,蒋维三,李从先．杭州湾地区全新世典型生物 气藏特征分析[J]．石油学报,1997,18(8):44-50
11林春明,卓弘春,李广月,等．杭州湾地区浅层生物气 资源量计算及其地质意义[J]．石油与天然气地质, 2005,26(6):823-839
12林春明,黄志诚,朱嗣昭,等．杭州湾沿岸地区晚第四纪 地层沉积特征和沉积过程[J]．地质学报,1999,73 (2):110-120
13 Lin C M, Zhuo H C, Gao S. Sedimentary facies and evolution of the Qiantang River incised valley, East China[J]. Marine Geology,2005, 219 (4):235-259
14林春明．静力触探技术在钱塘江口全新统超浅层天然 气勘探中的应用[J]．南方油气地质,1995,1(4):38- 45
15吴光大．柴达木盆地东部第四系典型气藏特征[J]．石 油学报,1995,16(1):10-15
16尹兵祥,王南萍,刘洪涛．氡测量在油气勘探中的应用 [J]．石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(2):23- 25
17毛立峰,王绪本,高永才．大地电磁概率成像及其改进 方法的成像效果评价[J]．石油物探,2004,43(6): 612-616
18伍岳．EH4电磁成像系统在砂岩地区勘查地下水的 应用研究[J]．物探与化探,1999,23(5):335-346
19刘鸿泉,孙希奎,张华兴,等．电磁成像系统在煤矿中 的应用研究[J]．煤炭科学技术,2002,30(10):39-46
20林春明,钱奕中,浙江沿海平原全新统气源岩特征及 生物气形成的控制因素[J]．沉积学报,1997,15(增 刊):75-80
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