大型坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲沉积模式——以松辽盆地北部葡萄花油层为例
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摘要
基于岩心观察、地震、测井、录井以及分析化验资料,开展松辽盆地北部葡萄花油层高分辨率层序地层学研究,在此基础上论述葡萄花油层的区域沉积相展布及微相类型和特征。提出葡萄花油层属于浅水湖泊三角洲沉积,沉积主体以三角洲前缘相带为主,与经典三角洲前缘相带模式不同,主要表现在:①前缘相带延伸较宽,直接覆盖整个湖盆,并表现为频繁暴露水面的特征,深湖、半深湖相对不发育;②分流河道遭受不同程度的席状砂化,依次划分为弱席状化、中等席状化、强席状化等3种类型;③浅水湖泊三角洲沉积模式不具备Gilbert典型三角洲顶积层、前积层和底积层的三元沉积模式。建立了浅水湖泊三角洲前缘相带在LST、TST、HST不同体系域的平面分布模式,分别为朵状、辫状以及枝状模式。
Based on the study of the high resolution sequence stratigraphy of Putaohua Formation referred to the data of core,seismic,well logging and laboratory test,the regional distribution of sedimentary facies and the characteristics of microfacies were discussed.It was presented that Putaohua Formation is shallow lacustrine delta deposit which is mainly composed of delta fore-facies zone and differs from typical delta deposit mode in three aspects,including that:fore delta zone spread over the whole lake basin,being exposed frequently above water level,with deep and semi-deep lacustrine facies relatively undeveloped;distributary channels were sheeted by lake water,and were divided into three types,including poorly sheeted,moderately sheeted and intensely sheeted;being without topset bed,foreset bed and bottomset bed,sedimentary mode of shallow lacustrine delta differs from typical Gilbert delta deposit.The distribution mode of shallow lacustrine delta fore-facies zone was established based on the sedimentary characteristics of different system tracts(LST,TST,HST),represented in lobate delta,braided stream delta and branched delta modes respectively.
Based on the study of the high resolution sequence stratigraphy of Putaohua Formation referred to the data of core,seismic,well logging and laboratory test,the regional distribution of sedimentary facies and the characteristics of microfacies were discussed.It was presented that Putaohua Formation is shallow lacustrine delta deposit which is mainly composed of delta fore-facies zone and differs from typical delta deposit mode in three aspects,including that:fore delta zone spread over the whole lake basin,being exposed frequently above water level,with deep and semi-deep lacustrine facies relatively undeveloped;distributary channels were sheeted by lake water,and were divided into three types,including poorly sheeted,moderately sheeted and intensely sheeted;being without topset bed,foreset bed and bottomset bed,sedimentary mode of shallow lacustrine delta differs from typical Gilbert delta deposit.The distribution mode of shallow lacustrine delta fore-facies zone was established based on the sedimentary characteristics of different system tracts(LST,TST,HST),represented in lobate delta,braided stream delta and branched delta modes respectively.
引文
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[2]楼章华,谢鸿森,蔡希源,等.松辽盆地扶杨油层(K1q3+4)沉积环境[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(1):71-75.
[3]柳成志,辛仁臣,王刚.松辽盆地北部头台地区扶余油层浅水湖泊三角洲沉积特点[J].大庆石油学院学报,1998,22(1):68-70.
[4]吕晓光,李长山,蔡希源,等.松辽大型浅水三角洲湖盆沉积特征及前缘相储层结构模型[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):572-578.
[5]卫平生,潘树新,王建功,等.湖岸线和岩性地层油气藏的关系研究——论“坳陷盆地湖岸线控油”[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):27-31.
[6]刘本培.地史学教程[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:34-43.
[7]王建功,卫平生,郑浚茂,等.挠曲坡折带特征与油气勘探——以松辽盆地南部为例[J].石油学报,2005,26(2):1-5.
[8]王建功,卫平生,史永苏,等.松辽盆地南部西部斜坡区大规模岩性油气藏和地层超覆油气藏成藏条件[J].中国石油勘探,2003,8(3):27-30.
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