珠江口盆地白云深水扇特征及油气成藏主控因素
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摘要
揭示中国南海北部珠江口盆地白云深水扇的时空展布和油气成藏规律.无论在理论上、还是在向深海进军的油气勘探实践上都具有十分重要的意义.以层序地层学理论为指导的地震剖面精细解释,在白云凹陷北部陆坡区发现了大量深水扇沉积体,它由众多的盆底扇、斜坡扇、低位楔和下切水道构成.盆底扇和斜坡扇多期叠加,平面上成朵叶状,并与下切水道相连.研究表明,白云深水扇成藏的主控因素包括:(1)白云凹陷具有适合油气生成的活跃烃源岩;(2)拥有包括断层、不整合面、连续分布的砂体以及流体底辟带在内的发达的输导网络;(3)低水位期发育的深水扇体与其上覆的高水位期泥岩共同形成了有利的储盖组合;(4)超压的累积和释放对深部烃源岩的排烃起到了重要作用.因此,白云深水扇具有良好的成藏条件,是珠江口盆地深水勘探的有利目标.
It's very significant to discover the law of distribution of the time and space and oil-gas reservoir formation of Baiyun deep water fans in Pearl River Mouth basin, South China Sea. Based on the detailed seismologic interpretation guided by sequence stratigraphy theory, a lot of deep water sedimentary bodies, which composed of basin floor fans, slope fans, lowstand wedge and downcut channels, have been found in northern continental slope of Baiyun sag. The basin floor fans and the slope fans developing during several periods overlapped each other in vertical, distributed lobately horizontally, and connected with downcut channels. The research shows that the main accumulation controlling factors of the Baiyun deep-water fan include: (1) there are active source rocks with great petroleum generation potentiality in the Baiyun sag; (2) there developed conducting frameworks, which include faults, continue distribution sandstones, unconformable surface and diapiric zone; (3) the deep-water fans developed during low water periods and the mudstone layers over them developed during high water periods, which are both good factors for petroleum store and cover; (4) the accumulation and leakage of overpressure are important for the hydrocarbon expelling from source rocks. So the Baiyun deep-water fan has good accumulation conditions and it can be a favorable object for deep water exploration in the Pearl River Mouth basin.
It's very significant to discover the law of distribution of the time and space and oil-gas reservoir formation of Baiyun deep water fans in Pearl River Mouth basin, South China Sea. Based on the detailed seismologic interpretation guided by sequence stratigraphy theory, a lot of deep water sedimentary bodies, which composed of basin floor fans, slope fans, lowstand wedge and downcut channels, have been found in northern continental slope of Baiyun sag. The basin floor fans and the slope fans developing during several periods overlapped each other in vertical, distributed lobately horizontally, and connected with downcut channels. The research shows that the main accumulation controlling factors of the Baiyun deep-water fan include: (1) there are active source rocks with great petroleum generation potentiality in the Baiyun sag; (2) there developed conducting frameworks, which include faults, continue distribution sandstones, unconformable surface and diapiric zone; (3) the deep-water fans developed during low water periods and the mudstone layers over them developed during high water periods, which are both good factors for petroleum store and cover; (4) the accumulation and leakage of overpressure are important for the hydrocarbon expelling from source rocks. So the Baiyun deep-water fan has good accumulation conditions and it can be a favorable object for deep water exploration in the Pearl River Mouth basin.
引文
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Chen,H.H.,Wang,J.H.,Xie,Y.H.,et al.,2003.Geother-mometry and geobarometry of overpressured environ-ments in Qiongdongnan basin,South China Sea.Geofluids,3:177-187.
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Fang,A.M.,Li,J.L.,Hou,Q.L.,1998.Sedi mentation ofturbidity currents and relative gravity flows:Areview.Geological Review,44(3):270-280(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Gong,Z.S.,Li,S.T.,Xie,T.J.,et al.,1997.Continentalmargin basin analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation ofthe north South China Sea.Science Press,Beijing(inChinese).
Hunt,J.M.,1990.Generation and migration of petroleumfromabnormally pressured fluid compart ments.AAPGBulletin,74(1):1-12.
Jia,X.M.,Yue,L.Q.,Wei,Z.L.,2005.Some thoughts forthe explorations of deep-water resources in our coun-try.Landand Resources Information,7:5-7(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Jin,C.S.,Qiao,D.W.,Jiang,C.Y.,et al.,2003.Advancesof oil and gas explorations in worldwide deepwater.Ma-rine Geology Letters,19(1):20-23(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Liu,T.S.,He,S.B.,2001.Deep-water hydrocarbon potentialalong the north continental margin,South China Sea.China Offshore Oil and Gas,15(3):164-170(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Mei,L.F.,Xu,S.H.,1997.Mechanism and significance ofnatural hydraulic fracturing of sedi ments in sedi mentarybasins.Geological Science and Technological Informa-tion,16(1):39-45(in Chinese with English abstract).
Pang,X.,Chen,C.M.,Shi,H.S.,et al.,2005.Response be-tween relative sea-level change and the Pearl Riverdeep-water fan system in the South China Sea.EarthScience Frontiers,12(3):167-177(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Pang,X.,Yang,S.K.,Zhu,M.,et al.,2004.Deep-water fansystemand petroleum resources on the northern slopeof South China Sea.Acta Geologica Sinica,78(3):626-631.
Peng,D.J.,Chen,C.M.,Pang,X.,et al.,2003.Discovery ofdeep-water fan systemin Pearl river Mouth basin,SouthChina Sea.AAPG Bulletin,9:21-24.
Peng,D.J.,Pang,X.,Chen,C.M.,et al.,2005.Fromshallow-water shelf to deep-water slope—The study ondeep-water fan systems in South China Sea.Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,23(1):1-11(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Reading,H.G.,Richards,M.,1994.Tubidite systems indeep water basin marine are classification by grain sizeand feeder system.AAPG Bulletin,78(5):792-822.
Shanmugam,G.,Moiola,R.J.,1988.Submarine fans,“char-acteristics,models,classification,and reservoir poten-tial”.Earth-Science Reviews,24:383-428.
Shanmugam,G.,Moiola,R.J.,1991.Types of submarine fanlobes:Models and i mplications.AAPG Bulletin,75(1):156-179.
Shanmugam,G.,Moiola.R.J.,1995.Reinterpretation ofdepositional processes in a classic flysch sequence(pennsylvanian jackfork group).AAPG Bulletin,79:672-695.
Shi,W.Z.,Chen,H.H.,Chen,C.M.,et al.,2006.Model-ling of pressure evolution and hydrocarbon migration inthe Baiyun depression,Pearl River Mouth basin,China.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geo-sciences,31(2):229-236(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Wang,C.W.,Chen,H.H.,Shi,H.S.,et al.,2005.Researchon the origin of natural gas in Panyu uplift,Pearl RiverMouth basin.Natural Gas Industry,25(8):6-9(inChinese with English abstract).
Wang,J.H.,Pang,X.,Wang,C.W.,et al.,2006.Discoveryand recognition of the central diapiric zonein Baiyun de-pression,Pearl River Mouth basin.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,31(2):209-213(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu,X.J.,Zhou,D.,Pang,X.,et al.,2005.Geophysical fieldand deep structures of Baiyun sag,Pearl River Mouthbasin.Journal of Tropical Oceanography,24(2):62-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang,C.H.,Du,X.,Pan,H.S.,et al.,2000.Advances inworldwide deep water hydrocarbon exploration and oiland gas exploration potential inthe northern continentalslope in South China Sea.Earth Science Frontiers,7(3):247-256(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yao,B.C.,Wan,L.,Wu,N.Y.,2004.Cenozoic plate tecton-ic activities in the great South China Sea area.Geologyin China,31(2):113-122(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Zhang,S.L.,Huang,Y.Q.,Huang,X.W.,1999.Fluid dia-pir structure and its geneses.Geological Science andTechnological Information,18(2):19-22(in Chinesewith English abstract).
Zhang,S.L.,Tian,S.C.,Zhu,F.B.,et al.,1996.Genesis ofdiapir structures in Yinggehai basin andits significancesto petroleum geology.China Offshore Oil and Gas,10(1):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等,2003.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件.北京:科学出版社.
陈红汉,董伟良,张树林,等,2002a.流体包裹体在古压力模拟研究中的应用.石油与天然气地质,23(3):207-211.
方爱民,李继亮,侯泉林,1998.浊流及相关重力流沉积研究综述.地质评论,44(3):270-280.
龚再升,李思田,谢泰俊,等,1997.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集.北京:科学出版社.
贾琇明,岳来群,韦子亮,2005.有关我国深海油气资源勘探开发的几点思考.国土资源情报,7:5-7.
金春爽,乔德武,姜春艳,等,2003.国内外深水区油气勘探新进展.海洋地质动态,19(1):20-23.
刘铁树,何仕斌,2001.南海北部陆缘盆地深水区油气勘探前景.中国海上油气(地质),15(3):164-170.
梅廉夫,徐思煌,1997.沉积盆地沉积物天然水力破裂理论及意义.地质科技情报,16(1):39-45.
庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等,2005.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇的响应.地学前缘,12(3):167-177.
彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等,2005.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡-南海深水扇系统的研究.沉积学报,23(1):1-11.
石万忠,陈红汉,陈长民,等,2006.珠江口盆地白云凹陷地层压力演化与油气运移模拟.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,31(2):229-236.
王存武,陈红汉,施和生,等,2005.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起天然气成因研究.天然气工业,25(8):6-9.
王家豪,庞雄,王存武,等,2006.珠江口盆地白云凹陷中央底辟带的发现和识别.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,31(2):209-213.
吴湘杰,周蒂,庞雄,等,2005.白云凹陷地球物理场及深部结构特征.热带海洋学报,24(2):62-69.
杨川恒,杜栩,潘和顺,等,2000.国外深水领域油气勘探新进展及我国南海北部陆坡深水区油气勘探潜力.地学前缘,7(3):247-256.
姚伯初,万玲,吴能友,2004.大南海地区新生代板块构造活动.中国地质,31(2):113-122.
张树林,黄耀琴,黄雄伟,1999.流体底辟构造及其成因探讨.地质科技情报,18(2):19-22.
张树林,田世澄,朱芳冰,等,1996.莺歌海盆地底辟构造的成因及其石油地质意义.中国海上油气,10(1):1-6.
Chen,C.M.,Shi,H.S.,Xu,S.C.,et al.,2003.Orginal con-dition of the Tertiary oil and gas accumulation,PearlRiver mouth basin.Science Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Chen,H.H.,Dong,W.L.,Zhang,S.L.,et al.,2002a.Ap-plication of fluid inclusion in palaeopressure modellingresearch.Oil&Gas Geology,23(3):207-211(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Chen,H.H.,Wang,J.H.,Xie,Y.H.,et al.,2003.Geother-mometry and geobarometry of overpressured environ-ments in Qiongdongnan basin,South China Sea.Geofluids,3:177-187.
Chen,H.H.,Yao,S.Z.,Wang,J.H.,et al.,2002b.Ther-modynamic modeling of fluid-bearing natural gas inclu-sions for geothermometer and geobarmeter of overpres-sured environments in Qiongdongnan basin,South Chi-na Sea.Geoscience,9:240-247.
Fang,A.M.,Li,J.L.,Hou,Q.L.,1998.Sedi mentation ofturbidity currents and relative gravity flows:Areview.Geological Review,44(3):270-280(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Gong,Z.S.,Li,S.T.,Xie,T.J.,et al.,1997.Continentalmargin basin analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation ofthe north South China Sea.Science Press,Beijing(inChinese).
Hunt,J.M.,1990.Generation and migration of petroleumfromabnormally pressured fluid compart ments.AAPGBulletin,74(1):1-12.
Jia,X.M.,Yue,L.Q.,Wei,Z.L.,2005.Some thoughts forthe explorations of deep-water resources in our coun-try.Landand Resources Information,7:5-7(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Jin,C.S.,Qiao,D.W.,Jiang,C.Y.,et al.,2003.Advancesof oil and gas explorations in worldwide deepwater.Ma-rine Geology Letters,19(1):20-23(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Liu,T.S.,He,S.B.,2001.Deep-water hydrocarbon potentialalong the north continental margin,South China Sea.China Offshore Oil and Gas,15(3):164-170(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Mei,L.F.,Xu,S.H.,1997.Mechanism and significance ofnatural hydraulic fracturing of sedi ments in sedi mentarybasins.Geological Science and Technological Informa-tion,16(1):39-45(in Chinese with English abstract).
Pang,X.,Chen,C.M.,Shi,H.S.,et al.,2005.Response be-tween relative sea-level change and the Pearl Riverdeep-water fan system in the South China Sea.EarthScience Frontiers,12(3):167-177(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Pang,X.,Yang,S.K.,Zhu,M.,et al.,2004.Deep-water fansystemand petroleum resources on the northern slopeof South China Sea.Acta Geologica Sinica,78(3):626-631.
Peng,D.J.,Chen,C.M.,Pang,X.,et al.,2003.Discovery ofdeep-water fan systemin Pearl river Mouth basin,SouthChina Sea.AAPG Bulletin,9:21-24.
Peng,D.J.,Pang,X.,Chen,C.M.,et al.,2005.Fromshallow-water shelf to deep-water slope—The study ondeep-water fan systems in South China Sea.Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,23(1):1-11(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Reading,H.G.,Richards,M.,1994.Tubidite systems indeep water basin marine are classification by grain sizeand feeder system.AAPG Bulletin,78(5):792-822.
Shanmugam,G.,Moiola,R.J.,1988.Submarine fans,“char-acteristics,models,classification,and reservoir poten-tial”.Earth-Science Reviews,24:383-428.
Shanmugam,G.,Moiola,R.J.,1991.Types of submarine fanlobes:Models and i mplications.AAPG Bulletin,75(1):156-179.
Shanmugam,G.,Moiola.R.J.,1995.Reinterpretation ofdepositional processes in a classic flysch sequence(pennsylvanian jackfork group).AAPG Bulletin,79:672-695.
Shi,W.Z.,Chen,H.H.,Chen,C.M.,et al.,2006.Model-ling of pressure evolution and hydrocarbon migration inthe Baiyun depression,Pearl River Mouth basin,China.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geo-sciences,31(2):229-236(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Wang,C.W.,Chen,H.H.,Shi,H.S.,et al.,2005.Researchon the origin of natural gas in Panyu uplift,Pearl RiverMouth basin.Natural Gas Industry,25(8):6-9(inChinese with English abstract).
Wang,J.H.,Pang,X.,Wang,C.W.,et al.,2006.Discoveryand recognition of the central diapiric zonein Baiyun de-pression,Pearl River Mouth basin.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,31(2):209-213(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu,X.J.,Zhou,D.,Pang,X.,et al.,2005.Geophysical fieldand deep structures of Baiyun sag,Pearl River Mouthbasin.Journal of Tropical Oceanography,24(2):62-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang,C.H.,Du,X.,Pan,H.S.,et al.,2000.Advances inworldwide deep water hydrocarbon exploration and oiland gas exploration potential inthe northern continentalslope in South China Sea.Earth Science Frontiers,7(3):247-256(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yao,B.C.,Wan,L.,Wu,N.Y.,2004.Cenozoic plate tecton-ic activities in the great South China Sea area.Geologyin China,31(2):113-122(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Zhang,S.L.,Huang,Y.Q.,Huang,X.W.,1999.Fluid dia-pir structure and its geneses.Geological Science andTechnological Information,18(2):19-22(in Chinesewith English abstract).
Zhang,S.L.,Tian,S.C.,Zhu,F.B.,et al.,1996.Genesis ofdiapir structures in Yinggehai basin andits significancesto petroleum geology.China Offshore Oil and Gas,10(1):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等,2003.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件.北京:科学出版社.
陈红汉,董伟良,张树林,等,2002a.流体包裹体在古压力模拟研究中的应用.石油与天然气地质,23(3):207-211.
方爱民,李继亮,侯泉林,1998.浊流及相关重力流沉积研究综述.地质评论,44(3):270-280.
龚再升,李思田,谢泰俊,等,1997.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集.北京:科学出版社.
贾琇明,岳来群,韦子亮,2005.有关我国深海油气资源勘探开发的几点思考.国土资源情报,7:5-7.
金春爽,乔德武,姜春艳,等,2003.国内外深水区油气勘探新进展.海洋地质动态,19(1):20-23.
刘铁树,何仕斌,2001.南海北部陆缘盆地深水区油气勘探前景.中国海上油气(地质),15(3):164-170.
梅廉夫,徐思煌,1997.沉积盆地沉积物天然水力破裂理论及意义.地质科技情报,16(1):39-45.
庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等,2005.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇的响应.地学前缘,12(3):167-177.
彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等,2005.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡-南海深水扇系统的研究.沉积学报,23(1):1-11.
石万忠,陈红汉,陈长民,等,2006.珠江口盆地白云凹陷地层压力演化与油气运移模拟.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,31(2):229-236.
王存武,陈红汉,施和生,等,2005.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起天然气成因研究.天然气工业,25(8):6-9.
王家豪,庞雄,王存武,等,2006.珠江口盆地白云凹陷中央底辟带的发现和识别.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,31(2):209-213.
吴湘杰,周蒂,庞雄,等,2005.白云凹陷地球物理场及深部结构特征.热带海洋学报,24(2):62-69.
杨川恒,杜栩,潘和顺,等,2000.国外深水领域油气勘探新进展及我国南海北部陆坡深水区油气勘探潜力.地学前缘,7(3):247-256.
姚伯初,万玲,吴能友,2004.大南海地区新生代板块构造活动.中国地质,31(2):113-122.
张树林,黄耀琴,黄雄伟,1999.流体底辟构造及其成因探讨.地质科技情报,18(2):19-22.
张树林,田世澄,朱芳冰,等,1996.莺歌海盆地底辟构造的成因及其石油地质意义.中国海上油气,10(1):1-6.
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