深部煤系地质条件地震物理与数值模型研究
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摘要
针对淮南煤田的地质情况、煤系地层的分布和岩性特征,研究了煤系地层地震物理模型的制作方法,并进行了测试,对地震物理模型进行数据采集与处理,得出地震物理模型的地震响应特征。利用地震数值模拟技术制作了淮南煤系地层地震数值模型,分析研究了不同充填物的孔洞地震响应变化的特征及变化规律。研究结果表明:煤田地震物理模型技术的关键是低速煤层和裂隙带的模拟制作;煤系地层地震物理模型作为指导煤田地震勘探,认识煤田地震波场特征有明显意义。地震探测可以检测孔洞,不同孔洞会引起地震波场绕射和反射特征的明显差异。由于目前国内外地震物理模实验主要还是应用于石油天然气的勘探开发上,而在煤田勘探领域尚不多见,因此本次研究成果具有一定意义。
Based on geological conditions of Huainan coalfield,including distribution of coal strata and lithologic features,production and testing of seismic geology model of coal measure strata in Huainan are completed.Seismic data acquisition and processing provide clearly the seismic reflection characteristics of the physical model.We designed seismic numerical simulation model of the coal measure strata in Huainan by seismic numerical simulation technology,and analyzed the variation features of seismic responses.The results show that the simulation production of low speed coal seam and fractured zone are key of the seismic physical modeling techniques,at the same time,seismic physical model guides coal seismic exploration,helps to understand characteristics of seismic wave field.Seismic detection can detect cavern,different caverns can cause significantly difference of diffracted wave and seisnic seismic reflection wave field.As the seismic physical modelling experiments at home and abroad are mainly used for oil and gas exploration and development,this technique in the coal fields is rarely used to solve practical problems,therefore,the results of this research is important.
Based on geological conditions of Huainan coalfield,including distribution of coal strata and lithologic features,production and testing of seismic geology model of coal measure strata in Huainan are completed.Seismic data acquisition and processing provide clearly the seismic reflection characteristics of the physical model.We designed seismic numerical simulation model of the coal measure strata in Huainan by seismic numerical simulation technology,and analyzed the variation features of seismic responses.The results show that the simulation production of low speed coal seam and fractured zone are key of the seismic physical modeling techniques,at the same time,seismic physical model guides coal seismic exploration,helps to understand characteristics of seismic wave field.Seismic detection can detect cavern,different caverns can cause significantly difference of diffracted wave and seisnic seismic reflection wave field.As the seismic physical modelling experiments at home and abroad are mainly used for oil and gas exploration and development,this technique in the coal fields is rarely used to solve practical problems,therefore,the results of this research is important.
引文
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[14]孟召平,程浪洪,雷志勇.淮南矿区地应力条件及其对煤层顶底板稳定性的影响[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(1):21-25.
[15]袁亮,刘泽功.淮南矿区开采煤层顶板抽采瓦斯技术的研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(2):149-152.
[16]彭苏萍,高云峰,彭晓波.淮南煤田含煤地层岩石物性参数研究[J].煤炭学报,2004(4):177-181.
[17]马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(6):35-39.
[2]勾精为,姚陈,于光明.用转换波检测煤层裂隙的方法探讨[J].中国煤田地质,2001,13(3):77-82.
[3]张爱敏.采区高分辨率三维地震勘探[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1997:33-36.
[4]凌标灿,戴世鑫,曹承平,等.三棱钻杆在中软煤层顺层瓦斯抽排钻孔的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(10):44-46.
[5]于景邨.煤矿深部开采中的地球物理技术现状及展望[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):586-592.
[6]程建远,王信文,张仲礼,等.煤矿井下高分辨率地震探测技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997,25(5):14-16.
[7]杨双安,张胤彬,许鸿雁.煤田三维地震勘探技术的应用及发展前景[J].物探与化探,2004,28(6):500-503.
[8]钱鸣高,许家林,缪协兴,等.煤矿绿色开采技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,32(4):343-348.
[9]韩军,张宏伟.淮南矿区地应力场特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(1):17-21.
[10]李增学,魏久传,金秀昆.淮南煤田二叠系高分辨率层序地层学特征[J].地层学杂志,2000,24(1):34-39.
[11]徐磊,张华,桑树勋,等.淮南地区煤储层含气性总体特征[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):28-30.
[12]刘钦甫,刘衡秋,彭苏萍,等.淮南煤田13-1煤层顶板地质特征与稳定性研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(3):318-322.
[13]袁亮,张炳光,孙茂初,等.淮南煤矿地质工作的回顾和展望[J].中国煤炭,2000,26(1):17-19.
[14]孟召平,程浪洪,雷志勇.淮南矿区地应力条件及其对煤层顶底板稳定性的影响[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(1):21-25.
[15]袁亮,刘泽功.淮南矿区开采煤层顶板抽采瓦斯技术的研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(2):149-152.
[16]彭苏萍,高云峰,彭晓波.淮南煤田含煤地层岩石物性参数研究[J].煤炭学报,2004(4):177-181.
[17]马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(6):35-39.
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