海域天然气水合物地球物理勘探进展
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摘要
进入21世纪后,海域天然气水合物地球物理勘探取得了较大的进步。主要表现为,在勘探技术上已由单一的地震勘探发展到以地震勘探为主,重力、磁力勘探综合应用的格局;在地震勘探方法上,已由常规的单道、多道地震发展到多频地震、高分辨率二维、三维地震和海底多分量地震;在地震资料的处理上,已由常规处理发展到突出BSR特征的“三高”和叠前时间偏移处理;在天然气水合物的地震识别上,已由速度、振幅结构研究发展到多属性判别、多弹性参数和多物性参数反演。这些新技术、新方法的应用,加快了海域天然气水合物调查进度,提高了天然气水合物地球物理识别的可靠性。
In the 21st century,geophysical exploration for marine gas hydrate has turned from single seismic behavior to integrated gravitational and magnetic way with seismic exploration as the main method.In the seismic method,conventional single-and multi-channel has changed into multi-frequency seismic,high-resolution 2D and 3D and multi-component explorations.And progress has also been made in other fields such as processing of seismic data and seismic recognition of gas hydrate.
In the 21st century,geophysical exploration for marine gas hydrate has turned from single seismic behavior to integrated gravitational and magnetic way with seismic exploration as the main method.In the seismic method,conventional single-and multi-channel has changed into multi-frequency seismic,high-resolution 2D and 3D and multi-component explorations.And progress has also been made in other fields such as processing of seismic data and seismic recognition of gas hydrate.
引文
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[2]Karen Weitemeyer,Steven Conatable,and Kerry Key.Marine EM techniques for gas-hydrate detection andhazard mitigation[J].The Leading Edge,2006,25(5):629-632.
[3]G Michael Hoversten1,Florence Cassassuce1,ErikaGasperikova1,etc.Direct reservoir parameter estima-tion using joint inversion of marine seismic AVA andCSEM data[J].,Geophysics,2005,71(3),1-13.
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[5]Riedel M,Spence G D,Chapman N R.Deep-sea gas hy-drates on the northern Cascadia margin[J].The LeadingEdge,2001,20(2):87-91.
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[7]M M Rowe and Gettrust J F.Fine structure of methanehydrate-bearing sediments on the Blake outer ridge asdetermined from deep-tow multichannel seismic data[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1993,98(4),463-473,1993.
[8]Vanneste M,De Batist M,Golmshtok A,et al.Multi-fre-quency seismic study of gas hydrate-bearing sedimentsin Lake Baikal,Siberia[J].Marine Geology,2001,172(1):1-21.
[9]Milo M Backus,Paul E Murray,Bob A Hardage,et al.High-resolution multicomponent seismic imaging ofdeepwater gas-hydrate systems[J].THE leadingedge,2006,25(5):578-596.
[10]Shaoming Lu,George A McMechan.Estimation of gashydrate and free gas saturation,concentration,and dis-tribution from seismic data[J].Geophysics,2002,67(2):582-593.
[11]宋海斌,等,海洋天然气水合物地球物理研究(II):岩石物性[J],地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):118-126.
[12]Karin Andreassen,Patrick E Hart,Mary MacKay.Am-plitude versus offset modeling of the bottom simulatingreflection associated with submarine gas hydrates[J].Marine Geology,1997,137:25-40.
[13]Jianchun Dai,Haibin Xu,Fred Snyder,et al.Detectionand estimation of gas hydrates using rock physics andseismic inversion:Examples from the northern deepwa-ter Gulf of Mexico[J],Leading Edge,2004,23(1):60-70.
[14]宋海斌,江为为,张文生,郝天珧.天然气水合物的海洋地球物理研究进展[J],地球物理学进展,2002,17(2),224-229.
[15]Singh S C,Minshull T A,Spence C D.velocity structureof a gas hydrate reflector[J].Science,1993,260:204-207.
[16]Shaoming Lu,George A McMechan.Elastic impedanceinversion of multichannel seismic data from unconsoli-dated sediments containing gas hydrate and free gas[J],Geophysics,2004,69(1):164-179.
[2]Karen Weitemeyer,Steven Conatable,and Kerry Key.Marine EM techniques for gas-hydrate detection andhazard mitigation[J].The Leading Edge,2006,25(5):629-632.
[3]G Michael Hoversten1,Florence Cassassuce1,ErikaGasperikova1,etc.Direct reservoir parameter estima-tion using joint inversion of marine seismic AVA andCSEM data[J].,Geophysics,2005,71(3),1-13.
[4]Hato M,Matsuoka T,Inamori T,etc.Detection of meth-ane-hydrate-bearing zones using seismic attributes analy-sis[J].,The Leading Edge,2006,25(5):607-609.
[5]Riedel M,Spence G D,Chapman N R.Deep-sea gas hy-drates on the northern Cascadia margin[J].The LeadingEdge,2001,20(2):87-91.
[6]Hyndman R D,Spence G.D,Chapman R,et al.Geophys-ical studies of marine gas hydrate in Northern Cascadia[C]//Natural gas hydrates:Occurrence,Distribution,and Detection,Geophysical Monograph 124,AmericanGeophysical Union,2001:273-295.
[7]M M Rowe and Gettrust J F.Fine structure of methanehydrate-bearing sediments on the Blake outer ridge asdetermined from deep-tow multichannel seismic data[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1993,98(4),463-473,1993.
[8]Vanneste M,De Batist M,Golmshtok A,et al.Multi-fre-quency seismic study of gas hydrate-bearing sedimentsin Lake Baikal,Siberia[J].Marine Geology,2001,172(1):1-21.
[9]Milo M Backus,Paul E Murray,Bob A Hardage,et al.High-resolution multicomponent seismic imaging ofdeepwater gas-hydrate systems[J].THE leadingedge,2006,25(5):578-596.
[10]Shaoming Lu,George A McMechan.Estimation of gashydrate and free gas saturation,concentration,and dis-tribution from seismic data[J].Geophysics,2002,67(2):582-593.
[11]宋海斌,等,海洋天然气水合物地球物理研究(II):岩石物性[J],地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):118-126.
[12]Karin Andreassen,Patrick E Hart,Mary MacKay.Am-plitude versus offset modeling of the bottom simulatingreflection associated with submarine gas hydrates[J].Marine Geology,1997,137:25-40.
[13]Jianchun Dai,Haibin Xu,Fred Snyder,et al.Detectionand estimation of gas hydrates using rock physics andseismic inversion:Examples from the northern deepwa-ter Gulf of Mexico[J],Leading Edge,2004,23(1):60-70.
[14]宋海斌,江为为,张文生,郝天珧.天然气水合物的海洋地球物理研究进展[J],地球物理学进展,2002,17(2),224-229.
[15]Singh S C,Minshull T A,Spence C D.velocity structureof a gas hydrate reflector[J].Science,1993,260:204-207.
[16]Shaoming Lu,George A McMechan.Elastic impedanceinversion of multichannel seismic data from unconsoli-dated sediments containing gas hydrate and free gas[J],Geophysics,2004,69(1):164-179.
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