灰色聚类法在矿山地质灾害危险性分区评价中的应用
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摘要
在灰色聚类分析中,把太原市西山矿区环境质量看作是一个灰色系统研究对象,运用灰色聚类法对矿区进行地质灾害危险性评价.为定量评估研究区地质灾害危险性,把整个太原市西山矿区进行单元划分,将全区划分为70个有效单元.经过筛选确定了地层岩性、断裂构造密度、地震强度、地面坡度、相对高差、矿层开采条件、多年平均降水量、植被覆盖率、矿层开采状况、灾害分布密度和规模大小十一个评估因子.由于原始数据样木中的各个输入数据值大小和单位都不同,为了避免评价结果受到数据样本数据绝对值大小和单位的影响,木文采用平均标准化方法,在应用数据样本之前进行数据的预处理,消除量纲的影响.根据危险性评估的分类标准,确定了灰类白化函数.由公式计算出了评价因子的权重值.根据太原西山矿区不同地质单元的地质要素实测值(聚类白化函数),计算出不同隶属关系的灰类的白化函数fjk,然后计算出各加权聚类系数,即得不同隶属关系的聚类行向量,按照最大隶属关系确定该地质单元的地质灾害危险性级别.文中以第26单元为例详细说明了灰色聚类法.按照该法依次求出其它单元所属地质灾害聚类类别,从而判断出各单元所属的危险性等级.根据评价结果,结合地形和岩性条件,按地质灾害危险性程度将太原市西山矿区划分为三个区.木文用灰色聚类法两种方法对太原市西山矿区进行地质灾害危险性评价,所得结果与模糊综合评判结果、太原市西山矿区实际情况基木吻合.
In grey cluster analysis, the quality of Xishan mining environment is qualitative research system as a grey, and grey cluster method is used in the geological disasters risk assessments. In order to evaluate quantitatively the risk of geological disaster, the whole area of Xishan mining area in Taiyuan city is divided into 70 units. Eleven assessment factors are selected: litho logic characters, structure density, earthquake intensity, degree of slope, relative height difference, ore-bed exploited state, rainfall intensity, density of cover, mine condition, hazard density and hazard scale. The raw data of the various input data sample are different in size and dimension. In order to avoid the results of the evaluation by the impact of the difference, the average standardized method is used to process the raw data before applying them. According to the classification standards of the risk assessment white function is put forward. The weight of the evaluation factors are calculated by formulation. According to different geological units of Xishan mining area, white functions of different affiliation grey category are set, and then the weighted clustering coefficients are calculated. According to the largest affiliation of the geological units geological disasters dangerous level is identified. The article takes the 26th unit for example. Thereby the risk levels of all the units are determined. According to the results about Xishan mining area in Taiyuan city, it is divided into three regions with different risk degree. Applying the method of grey clustering to the danger assessment of geological hazards in Xishan mining area of Taiyuan city, it gets satisfactory result.
In grey cluster analysis, the quality of Xishan mining environment is qualitative research system as a grey, and grey cluster method is used in the geological disasters risk assessments. In order to evaluate quantitatively the risk of geological disaster, the whole area of Xishan mining area in Taiyuan city is divided into 70 units. Eleven assessment factors are selected: litho logic characters, structure density, earthquake intensity, degree of slope, relative height difference, ore-bed exploited state, rainfall intensity, density of cover, mine condition, hazard density and hazard scale. The raw data of the various input data sample are different in size and dimension. In order to avoid the results of the evaluation by the impact of the difference, the average standardized method is used to process the raw data before applying them. According to the classification standards of the risk assessment white function is put forward. The weight of the evaluation factors are calculated by formulation. According to different geological units of Xishan mining area, white functions of different affiliation grey category are set, and then the weighted clustering coefficients are calculated. According to the largest affiliation of the geological units geological disasters dangerous level is identified. The article takes the 26th unit for example. Thereby the risk levels of all the units are determined. According to the results about Xishan mining area in Taiyuan city, it is divided into three regions with different risk degree. Applying the method of grey clustering to the danger assessment of geological hazards in Xishan mining area of Taiyuan city, it gets satisfactory result.
引文
[1]吴亚子.山区公路地质灾害危险性评估方法研究—以阿里地区巴尔兵站至札达公路改建工程为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2005.
[2]付延玲.用聚类分析、模糊综合评判评价地质环境质量[J].煤田地质与勘探,1999,27(6):47-50.
[3]程爱玲.层次分析法与GIS藕合在矿山地质灾害危害性分区评价中的应用[J].地下水.2003,12(4):286-287.
[4]毛新虎.矿山地质环境变异系统分析研究—以太原西山矿区为例[D].西安:长安大学学位论文,2007.
[5]太原市国土资源局,山西省第三地质工程勘察院.太原市地质环境调查报告[R].2003.
[6]山西省第三地质工程勘察院.太原市“1996-08-04”特大泥石流区地质灾害勘查报告[R].2002
[2]付延玲.用聚类分析、模糊综合评判评价地质环境质量[J].煤田地质与勘探,1999,27(6):47-50.
[3]程爱玲.层次分析法与GIS藕合在矿山地质灾害危害性分区评价中的应用[J].地下水.2003,12(4):286-287.
[4]毛新虎.矿山地质环境变异系统分析研究—以太原西山矿区为例[D].西安:长安大学学位论文,2007.
[5]太原市国土资源局,山西省第三地质工程勘察院.太原市地质环境调查报告[R].2003.
[6]山西省第三地质工程勘察院.太原市“1996-08-04”特大泥石流区地质灾害勘查报告[R].2002
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