河北平原地裂缝分布特征及成因机制研究
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摘要
河北平原是地裂缝地质灾害较发育的地区。通过河北平原地裂缝地质灾害时空分布规律研究,对河北平原地裂缝形成的主要因素及成因机制进行了研究。河北平原地裂缝主要分布在山前冲洪积扇裙区,发育在全新世地层中。地裂缝地质灾害平面形态上可分为直线型、雁列型、锯齿型、折线型和弯曲形。地裂缝地质灾害空间分布上有方向性、群集性和系统性。河北平原地裂缝分布范围呈逐渐扩大的趋势;分布区域从时间上呈逐渐由南向北扩展之势。河北平原从时间上地裂缝发育条数和发育长度随时间各有不同特点。导致河北平原地裂缝发生的主要因素有地震构造、地下水超采和地面塌陷。
Earth fissures are a serious geological hazard in Hebei Plain.This paper presents their temporal and spatial variations.The majority of earth fissures occur in alluvial-proluvial apron zone.Earth fissures express themselves at land surface as straight line,crenata,polygonal line and forniciform.The spatial distribution of ground fissures can be characterized as directional,cluster and systematic.Length and intensity of earth fissures also vary with time.The primary causes for earth fissuring includes earthquake activities,groundwater overdraft and ground collapse.
Earth fissures are a serious geological hazard in Hebei Plain.This paper presents their temporal and spatial variations.The majority of earth fissures occur in alluvial-proluvial apron zone.Earth fissures express themselves at land surface as straight line,crenata,polygonal line and forniciform.The spatial distribution of ground fissures can be characterized as directional,cluster and systematic.Length and intensity of earth fissures also vary with time.The primary causes for earth fissuring includes earthquake activities,groundwater overdraft and ground collapse.
引文
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[3]王景明,倪玉兰.河北平原地震带地裂缝与地震活动[J].唐山工程技术学院学报,1995,4,1~78.W ang Jingm ing,N iYu lan.G round fissures and seism ic of the He-bei plain seism ic belt.Journal of Tangshan Institute of Technolo-gy,1995,4,71~78.
[4]郝俊杰.河北省平原地区地裂缝的成因分析[J].河北地质矿产信息,2000,3,8~9.Hao Jun jie.The origin analysis of ground fracture Hebei plain.The Information ofGeology andM inerHebei Province,2000,3,8~9.
[5]田级生.河北平原地裂缝形成与防治[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,14(1):15~17.Tian Jisheng.The formation of ground fracture and its preventionm easure.Journal ofGeologicalHazards and Environm ent Preserva-tion,2003,14(1):15~17.
[6]田级生,王庆录.河北平原地裂缝形成机制与防治[J].河北科学院学报,2003,20(3):187~192.Tian Jisheng,W ang Q inglu.The formation of ground fracture andits prevention m easur.Journal of the Hebei Academy of Sciences,2003,20(3):187~192.
[7]李俊,刘金峰,莫多闻.河北平原地裂缝的分布规律及成因初探[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(3):62~65.L i Jun,L iu Jinfeng,Mo Duowen.D istribution and origin of rifts inHebei plain.Research of Soil and W ater Conservation,2003,10(3):62~65.
[8]中华人民共和国国土资源部.2003中国地质环境公报[C],2003.People Repub lic ofCh ina.Ch inese geological environm ent gazette,2003[C],2003.
[9]中华人民共和国国土资源部,2004中国地质环境公报[C],2004.People Repub lic ofCh ina.Ch inese geological environm ent gazette,2004[C],2004.
[10]张熟,刘增寿,田小伟,等.沧州市降落漏斗、地面沉降发展演化规律及防治对策[J].工程地质学报,2005,13(增刊):24~29.Zhang Shou,L iu Zhenshou,Tian X iaowei et al..The evolve-m ent ru le and controlm easures of pump ing cone and land subsid-ence in Changzhou C ity.Journal of Engineering Geology,2005,13(supply):24~29.
[11]刘川峰,张进才,沈荣辉,等.河北平原地面沉降形成机理与防治对策[J].工程地质学报,2005,13(增刊):12~14.L iu Cuanfeng,Zhang Jincai,Shen Ronghu i et al..The originand controlm easures of land subsidence in Hebei P lain.Journalof Engineering Geology,2005,13(supply):12~14.
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