渤海海域莱州湾凹陷KL11-2地区盐构造特征
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摘要
本文主要利用最新的钻井和三维地震资料对渤海海域莱州湾凹陷盐构造几何形态、形成演化及其控制机理进行分析。莱州湾凹陷沙河街组四段含有较厚的岩盐和膏盐层,并在KL11-2地区发生聚集隆起,形成典型的盐底辟(盐枕)构造。KL11-2地区盐构造外部形态在不同地区发生了明显变化,从南向北,逐渐由过成熟底辟向成熟底辟和盐枕变化,南部的盐构造已进入底辟后演化阶段,而北部的盐构造仍处于盐枕阶段。受盐体塑性流动影响,盐构造周缘还发育有盐撤凹陷和阶状反向断层等盐相关构造。KL11-2地区盐构造的形成主要受伸展作用、重力滑动、浮力、沉积差异负载、基底构造以及郯庐断裂带的走滑作用等因素影响,主控因素为伸展作用背景下的重力滑动作用,但郯庐断裂带的走滑作用对盐体的塑性流动及其最终定位也有重要的影响。
Based on the new well and 3D seismic data,this paper mainly concerns the geometries and growth histories and controlling factors of the salt structures in the KL11-2 area of the Laizhouwan depression,offshore Bohai Bay Basin.In the Laizhouwan depression,the Sha-4 Member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation attains thick salt and gypsum which have uplifted and formed salt diapir and pillow in the KL11-2 area.The geometries of the salt structures in the KL11-2 area change from the over-maturation diapir to maturation diapir and salt pillow along the S-N direction,which can indicate that the southern and northern salt structures belong to the post-diapir and salt pillow phases,respectively.Influenced by the viscous flowage and distortion of the halite,there are some salt-related structures,including salt-withdrawal minibasins and stepped counter-regional faults system,well developed in the adjacent areas surrounding the salt structures.The development of the salt structures in the KL11-2 area was controlled by the extensional stresses,gravitational gliding,buoyancy,differential loading and the basement structures,as well as the strike-slipping movement of the Tan-Lu fault,in which the gravitational gliding in the background of extensional stresses was the most important factors.In addition,the strike-slipping movement of the Tan-Lu fault should exert significance on the viscous flowage and final localization of the salt bodies in the Sha-4 Member of the Shahejie Formation in the KL11-2 area.
Based on the new well and 3D seismic data,this paper mainly concerns the geometries and growth histories and controlling factors of the salt structures in the KL11-2 area of the Laizhouwan depression,offshore Bohai Bay Basin.In the Laizhouwan depression,the Sha-4 Member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation attains thick salt and gypsum which have uplifted and formed salt diapir and pillow in the KL11-2 area.The geometries of the salt structures in the KL11-2 area change from the over-maturation diapir to maturation diapir and salt pillow along the S-N direction,which can indicate that the southern and northern salt structures belong to the post-diapir and salt pillow phases,respectively.Influenced by the viscous flowage and distortion of the halite,there are some salt-related structures,including salt-withdrawal minibasins and stepped counter-regional faults system,well developed in the adjacent areas surrounding the salt structures.The development of the salt structures in the KL11-2 area was controlled by the extensional stresses,gravitational gliding,buoyancy,differential loading and the basement structures,as well as the strike-slipping movement of the Tan-Lu fault,in which the gravitational gliding in the background of extensional stresses was the most important factors.In addition,the strike-slipping movement of the Tan-Lu fault should exert significance on the viscous flowage and final localization of the salt bodies in the Sha-4 Member of the Shahejie Formation in the KL11-2 area.
引文
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戈红星,Jackson MP A,Vendeville B C.1997.文留盐构造成因与掩埋机制.石油学报,18(2):35～40.
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侯艳平,孙向阳,任建业.2004.东濮凹陷盐滑脱变形构造及其在油气勘探中的意义.石油与天然气地质,25(1):58～61.
刘晓峰,解习农,张成,姜涛.2005.东营凹陷盐-泥构造的样式和成因机制分析.地学前缘,12(4):403～409.
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汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,皮学军,陈书平,谢会文.2003a.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段盐相关构造特征与油气聚集.地质论评,49(5):501～506.
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汤良杰,郭彤楼,余一欣,金文正,李儒峰,周雁.2007.四川盆地东北部前陆褶皱-冲断带盐相关构造.地质学报,81(8):1049～1056.
王国纯.1998.郯庐断裂与渤海海域反转构造及花状构造.中国海上油气(地质),12(5):289～295.
邬光辉,王招明,刘玉魁,张宝收.2004.塔里木盆地库车坳陷盐构造运动学特征.地质论评,50(5):476～483.
胥菊珍,张孝义,张虹,贺艳梅.2003.东濮凹陷北部古近系与盐岩有关的油气藏类型.石油与天然气地质,24(2):152～156.
于建国,李三忠,王金铎,王新红,路慎强.2005.东营凹陷盐底辟作用与中央隆起带断裂构造成因.地质科学,40(1):55～68.
余一欣,汤良杰,王清华,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林.2005.受盐层影响的前陆褶皱-冲断带构造特征分析——以库车秋立塔克构造带为例.石油学报,26(4):1～4.
余一欣,汤良杰,李京昌,杨文静,金文正,彭更新,雷刚林,万桂梅.2006.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带基底断裂对盐构造形成的影响.地质学报,80(3):330～336.
余一欣,汤良杰,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林,金文正,万桂梅,马玉杰.2007.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带前缘盐构造分段差异变形特征.地质学报,81(2):166～173.
余一欣,马宝军,汤良杰,杨文静,雷刚林,马玉杰,王鹏万.2008.库车坳陷西段盐构造形成主控因素.石油勘探与开发,35(1):23～27.
Alsop G I,Blundell D G,Davison I.1996.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,1～310.
Chen Shuping,Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Jia Chengzao,Pi Xuejun.2004.Thrust and fold tectonics and the role of evaporite indeformation in the western Kuqa foreland of Tarim basin,northwest China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,21(8):1027～1042.
Coward M,Stewart S.1995.Salt-influenced structures in theMesozoic-Tertiary cover of the southern North Sea,U.K.In:Jackson MP A,Roberts D G,Snelson S,ed.Salt Tectonics:A Global Perspective.AAPG Memoir65,229～250.
Davison I,Alsop G I,Blundell D J.1996.Salt tectonics:someaspects of deformation mechanics.In:Alsop GI,Blundell D G,Davison I,ed.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society SpecialPublication No.100,1～10.
Demaison G,Huizinga BJ.1991.Genetic classification of petroleumsystem.AAPG Bulletin,75(10):1626～1643.
Edgell H S.1996.Salt tectonics in the Persian Gulf Basins.In:Alsop G I,Blundell D G,Davison I,ed.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,129～151.
Halbouty M T.1980.Methods used,and experience gained,inexploration for new oil and gas fields in highly explored(mature)areas.AAPG Bulletin,64(8):1210～1222.
Hsiao L Y,Graham S A,Tilander N.2004.Seismic reflectionimaging of a major strike-slip fault zone in a rift system:Paleogene structure and evolution of the Tan-Lu fault system,Liaodong Bay,Bohai,offshore China.AAPG Bulletin,88(1):71～91.
Hudec M R,Jackson M P A.2007.Terra infirma:Understandingsalt tectonics.Earth-Science Reviews,82(1～2):1～28.
Jackson M P A,Vendeville B C,Schultz-Ela D D.1994.Salt-related structures in the Gulf of Mexico:a field guide forgeophysicists.The Leading Edge,13(8):837～842.
Jackson MP A,Roberts D G,Snelson S.1995.Salt Tectonics:A Global Perspective.AAPG Memoir65,1～454.
McIntyre J F.1988.Presence and control of evaporite top seals onoccurrence and distribution of hydrocarbontraps:mainfairway,central overthust belt,Wyoming and Utah(abs.).AAPGBulletin,72:221.
Nagihara S.2003.Three-dimensional inverse modeling of therefractive heat-flow anomaly associated with salt diapirism.AAPG Bulletin,87(7):1207～1222.
Petersen K,Lerche I.1996.Temperature dependence of thermalanomalies near evolving salt structures:importance for reducingexploration risk.In:Alsop GI,Blundell D G,Davison I,ed.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,275～290.
Seni S J,Jackson MP A.1983.Evolution of salt structures,EastTexas diapir province,part1:sedimentary record ofhalokinesis.AAPG Bulletin,67(8):1219～1244.
Tari G,Molnar J,Ashton P.2003.Examples of salt tectonics fromWest Africa:a comparative approach.In:Arthur T J,MacGregor D S,Cameron N R,ed.Petroleum Geology ofAfrica:New Themes and Developing Technologies.GeologicalSociety Special Publication No.207,85～104.
Volozh V,Talbot C,Zadeh A I.2003.Salt structures andhydrocarbons in the Pricaspian basin.AAPG Bulletin,87(2):313～334.
蔡立国,饶丹,潘文蕾,张欣国.2005.川东北地区普光气田成藏模式研究.石油实验地质,27(5):462～467.
陈书平,汤良杰,漆家福,屈东萌,孙萌思.2007.盐在变形中的作用:库车坳陷与东濮坳陷盐构造对比研究.地质学报,81(6):745～754.
戈红星,Jackson MP A,Vendeville B C.1997.文留盐构造成因与掩埋机制.石油学报,18(2):35～40.
葛建党.2001.郯庐断裂在渤中凹陷的构造特征与油气成藏的关系.海洋石油,21(1):14～20.
侯艳平,孙向阳,任建业.2004.东濮凹陷盐滑脱变形构造及其在油气勘探中的意义.石油与天然气地质,25(1):58～61.
刘晓峰,解习农,张成,姜涛.2005.东营凹陷盐-泥构造的样式和成因机制分析.地学前缘,12(4):403～409.
马新华,华爱刚,李景明,姚建军.2000.含盐油气盆地.北京:石油工业出版社,1～111.
苏惠,许化政,张金川,曲丽萍,王萍霞,曾探,李桂霞,乔朝泽.2006.东濮凹陷沙三段盐岩成因.石油勘探与开发,33(5):600～605.
汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,皮学军,陈书平,谢会文.2003a.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段盐相关构造特征与油气聚集.地质论评,49(5):501～506.
汤良杰,贾承造,皮学军,陈书平,王子煜,谢会文.2003b.库车前陆褶皱带盐相关构造样式.中国科学(D辑),33(1):38～46.
汤良杰,郭彤楼,余一欣,金文正,李儒峰,周雁.2007.四川盆地东北部前陆褶皱-冲断带盐相关构造.地质学报,81(8):1049～1056.
王国纯.1998.郯庐断裂与渤海海域反转构造及花状构造.中国海上油气(地质),12(5):289～295.
邬光辉,王招明,刘玉魁,张宝收.2004.塔里木盆地库车坳陷盐构造运动学特征.地质论评,50(5):476～483.
胥菊珍,张孝义,张虹,贺艳梅.2003.东濮凹陷北部古近系与盐岩有关的油气藏类型.石油与天然气地质,24(2):152～156.
于建国,李三忠,王金铎,王新红,路慎强.2005.东营凹陷盐底辟作用与中央隆起带断裂构造成因.地质科学,40(1):55～68.
余一欣,汤良杰,王清华,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林.2005.受盐层影响的前陆褶皱-冲断带构造特征分析——以库车秋立塔克构造带为例.石油学报,26(4):1～4.
余一欣,汤良杰,李京昌,杨文静,金文正,彭更新,雷刚林,万桂梅.2006.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带基底断裂对盐构造形成的影响.地质学报,80(3):330～336.
余一欣,汤良杰,杨文静,彭更新,雷刚林,金文正,万桂梅,马玉杰.2007.库车前陆褶皱-冲断带前缘盐构造分段差异变形特征.地质学报,81(2):166～173.
余一欣,马宝军,汤良杰,杨文静,雷刚林,马玉杰,王鹏万.2008.库车坳陷西段盐构造形成主控因素.石油勘探与开发,35(1):23～27.
Alsop G I,Blundell D G,Davison I.1996.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,1～310.
Chen Shuping,Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Jia Chengzao,Pi Xuejun.2004.Thrust and fold tectonics and the role of evaporite indeformation in the western Kuqa foreland of Tarim basin,northwest China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,21(8):1027～1042.
Coward M,Stewart S.1995.Salt-influenced structures in theMesozoic-Tertiary cover of the southern North Sea,U.K.In:Jackson MP A,Roberts D G,Snelson S,ed.Salt Tectonics:A Global Perspective.AAPG Memoir65,229～250.
Davison I,Alsop G I,Blundell D J.1996.Salt tectonics:someaspects of deformation mechanics.In:Alsop GI,Blundell D G,Davison I,ed.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society SpecialPublication No.100,1～10.
Demaison G,Huizinga BJ.1991.Genetic classification of petroleumsystem.AAPG Bulletin,75(10):1626～1643.
Edgell H S.1996.Salt tectonics in the Persian Gulf Basins.In:Alsop G I,Blundell D G,Davison I,ed.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,129～151.
Halbouty M T.1980.Methods used,and experience gained,inexploration for new oil and gas fields in highly explored(mature)areas.AAPG Bulletin,64(8):1210～1222.
Hsiao L Y,Graham S A,Tilander N.2004.Seismic reflectionimaging of a major strike-slip fault zone in a rift system:Paleogene structure and evolution of the Tan-Lu fault system,Liaodong Bay,Bohai,offshore China.AAPG Bulletin,88(1):71～91.
Hudec M R,Jackson M P A.2007.Terra infirma:Understandingsalt tectonics.Earth-Science Reviews,82(1～2):1～28.
Jackson M P A,Vendeville B C,Schultz-Ela D D.1994.Salt-related structures in the Gulf of Mexico:a field guide forgeophysicists.The Leading Edge,13(8):837～842.
Jackson MP A,Roberts D G,Snelson S.1995.Salt Tectonics:A Global Perspective.AAPG Memoir65,1～454.
McIntyre J F.1988.Presence and control of evaporite top seals onoccurrence and distribution of hydrocarbontraps:mainfairway,central overthust belt,Wyoming and Utah(abs.).AAPGBulletin,72:221.
Nagihara S.2003.Three-dimensional inverse modeling of therefractive heat-flow anomaly associated with salt diapirism.AAPG Bulletin,87(7):1207～1222.
Petersen K,Lerche I.1996.Temperature dependence of thermalanomalies near evolving salt structures:importance for reducingexploration risk.In:Alsop GI,Blundell D G,Davison I,ed.Salt Tectonics.Geological Society Special Publication No.100,275～290.
Seni S J,Jackson MP A.1983.Evolution of salt structures,EastTexas diapir province,part1:sedimentary record ofhalokinesis.AAPG Bulletin,67(8):1219～1244.
Tari G,Molnar J,Ashton P.2003.Examples of salt tectonics fromWest Africa:a comparative approach.In:Arthur T J,MacGregor D S,Cameron N R,ed.Petroleum Geology ofAfrica:New Themes and Developing Technologies.GeologicalSociety Special Publication No.207,85～104.
Volozh V,Talbot C,Zadeh A I.2003.Salt structures andhydrocarbons in the Pricaspian basin.AAPG Bulletin,87(2):313～334.
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