柴达木盆地东部石炭系石油地质条件及油气勘探前景
摘要
在大量烃源岩有机地球化学分析的基础上,结合区域地质调查及地震解释资料,分析柴达木盆地东部石炭系的石油地质条件及油气勘探前景。该区石炭系分布广、残留厚度大,烃源岩类型丰富。其中,暗色泥岩有机碳含量平均为1.85%(风化校正后),有机质类型以Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型为主;碳酸盐岩有机碳含量平均为0.42%(风化校正后),有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主;分别达到好烃源岩和中等烃源岩的标准。除宗务隆山前及都兰地区有机质热演化程度较高外,其他地区烃源岩成熟度中等(Ro值平均为1.17%),有机质正处于成熟阶段的生、排烃高峰期,具有较强的生烃能力。该区发育多套储、盖层及多种类型油气圈闭,发生过油气生成、运移和聚集成藏的过程,具有较好的石油地质条件和良好的油气勘探前景。德令哈坳陷石炭系烃源岩条件好,残留厚度大,为有利生油区。宗务隆山前逆冲带和托南断阶带为有利勘探区。
Based on organic geochemistry analysis of source rocks,combined with regional geologic survey and seismic data interpretation,it is discussed in this paper geologic conditions and exploration prospects of Carboniferous in the east of Qaidam Basin.Carboniferous is widely distributed in the region with large residual thickness.There are many categories of hydrocarbon source rocks.Dark-colored mudstones belong to good source rocks with 1.85% of organic carbon,type-Ⅱ2 and Ⅲ organic matters and moderate maturity.And carbonates belong to moderate source rocks with 0.42% of organic carbon,type-Ⅱ organic matters and moderate maturity.All source rocks are in the peak period of oil generation and expulsion and have strong hydrocarbon generation ability,except for those in the Zongwulong mountain front belt and the Dulan area,where thermal evolution degree is too high.With moderate-good source rocks,several reservoir beds and capping formations as well as good trap conditions,Carboniferous in the east of Qaidam Basin has experienced the process of hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation,hence is favorable for petroleum exploration.The Delingha Depression is most favorable for hydrocarbon generation with good Carboniferous source rocks and large residual thickness.The Zongwulong mountain front structural belt and the Tuonan fault terrace belt are prospective areas.
Based on organic geochemistry analysis of source rocks,combined with regional geologic survey and seismic data interpretation,it is discussed in this paper geologic conditions and exploration prospects of Carboniferous in the east of Qaidam Basin.Carboniferous is widely distributed in the region with large residual thickness.There are many categories of hydrocarbon source rocks.Dark-colored mudstones belong to good source rocks with 1.85% of organic carbon,type-Ⅱ2 and Ⅲ organic matters and moderate maturity.And carbonates belong to moderate source rocks with 0.42% of organic carbon,type-Ⅱ organic matters and moderate maturity.All source rocks are in the peak period of oil generation and expulsion and have strong hydrocarbon generation ability,except for those in the Zongwulong mountain front belt and the Dulan area,where thermal evolution degree is too high.With moderate-good source rocks,several reservoir beds and capping formations as well as good trap conditions,Carboniferous in the east of Qaidam Basin has experienced the process of hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation,hence is favorable for petroleum exploration.The Delingha Depression is most favorable for hydrocarbon generation with good Carboniferous source rocks and large residual thickness.The Zongwulong mountain front structural belt and the Tuonan fault terrace belt are prospective areas.
引文
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2金之钧.中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气勘探特殊性问题[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):15~22
3李国玉.海相沉积岩是中国石油工业未来的希望[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(1):5~12
4甘贵元,严晓兰,赵东升等.柴达木盆地德令哈断陷石油地质征及勘探前景[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(5):499~503
5王训练,高金,张海军等.柴达木盆地北缘石炭系顶、底界线再认识[J].地学前缘,2002,9(3):65~72
6李守军,张洪.柴达木盆地石炭系地层特征与分布[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(1):1~4
7翟光明,徐凤银,李建青.重新认识柴达木盆地力争油气勘探获得新突破[J].石油学报,1997,18(2):1~7
8孟仟祥,房嬛,徐永昌等.柴达木盆地石炭系烃源岩和煤岩生物标志物特征及其地球化学意义[J].沉积学报,2004,22(4):729~736
9文志刚,王正允,何幼斌等.柴达木盆地北缘上石炭统烃源岩评价[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(2):125~127
10于会娟,刘洛夫,赵磊.柴达木盆地东部地区古生界烃源岩研究[J].石油大学学报,2001,25(4):24~30
11段宏亮,钟建华,王志坤等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系烃源岩评价[J].地质通报,2006,25(9~10):1135~1142
12张君峰,王东良,秦建中等.青藏高原地面露头样品风化校正研究[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(3):297~300
13孟元林,肖丽华,杨俊生等.风化作用对西宁盆地野外露头有机质性质的影响及校正[J].地球化学,1999,28(1):42~50
14王明儒,胡文义,彭德华.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系油气前景[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):20~24
15洪峰,余辉龙,宋岩等.柴达木盆地北缘盖层地质特点及封盖性评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(5):8~11
16邵文斌,彭立才,汪立群等.柴达木盆地北缘井下石炭系烃源岩的发现及其地质意义[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):36~39
17徐永昌,沈平,刘文汇等.天然气中稀有气体地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.77~84
18彭立才,彭小群,汪立群.柴达木盆地北缘马北地区油源对比[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):526~529
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