利用地基GPS观测数据研究与地震有关的电离层异常
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摘要
利用中国大陆GPS连续站观测数据,根据电离层单层模型,计算得到中国大陆上空电离层电子总含量TEC(Total Electron Content)值的时间序列。选取2001—2008年发生在中国大陆地区的11个MS≥6.0地震,分析了这11个地震前后TEC值时间序列的变化特征。分析结果显示,地震活动期间距离震中700 km以外的GPS连续观测站上空TEC值的异常现象不明显,TEC值变化基本在0.5 TECU之内。11个震例中有6个震例TEC值出现了负异常现象,主要表现在震前1~5 d,并且观测站距离震中越近,TEC值变化越明显,少数震例在地震发生期间TEC值明显增加。研究认为,利用GPS连续观测数据研究与地震有关的电离层前兆是可能的。
Based on the single layer ionosphere model,we have processed the observational data at some continuous GPS observation stations and obtained total electron content(TEC) time series of the ionosphere.We have studied the TEC anomalies of 11 MS≥6.0 earthquakes occurred in China′s continent during 2001—2008.Results show that the TEC values at GPS continuous observation stations 700 km away from the epicenter have no obvious anomaly before and after earthquakes,and TEC variation is within 0.5 TECU.The TEC values at observation stations have negative anomalies for 6 earthquake case in 11 events.TEC anomalies mainly appeared 1 day to 5 days before the earthquakes,and the closer the station is to the epicenter,the larger the TEC anomalies becomes;during a few earthquakes TEC values increased significantly.The research results show that it is possible to identify ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes from continuous GPS observation data.
Based on the single layer ionosphere model,we have processed the observational data at some continuous GPS observation stations and obtained total electron content(TEC) time series of the ionosphere.We have studied the TEC anomalies of 11 MS≥6.0 earthquakes occurred in China′s continent during 2001—2008.Results show that the TEC values at GPS continuous observation stations 700 km away from the epicenter have no obvious anomaly before and after earthquakes,and TEC variation is within 0.5 TECU.The TEC values at observation stations have negative anomalies for 6 earthquake case in 11 events.TEC anomalies mainly appeared 1 day to 5 days before the earthquakes,and the closer the station is to the epicenter,the larger the TEC anomalies becomes;during a few earthquakes TEC values increased significantly.The research results show that it is possible to identify ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes from continuous GPS observation data.
引文
[1]林钰翔.利用电离层观测地震前兆[D].台湾:国立中央大学,3-5,2004.
[2]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Pulinets S A,et al.Seismo-ionospheric signatures prior toM≥6.0 Taiwanearthquakes[J].Geophysical research letters,2000,19:3 113-3 116.
[3]Liu J Y,Chuo Y J,Pulinets S A,et al.A study on the TEC perturbations prior to the Rei-Li,Chi-Chi and Chia-Yi earthquakes[J].Seismo Electromagnetics,2004,4:297-301.
[4]Liu J Y,Chuo Y J,Shan S J,et al.Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies registered by continuousGPS TEC measurements[J].Annales Geophysicae,2004,22:1 585-1 590.
[5]Liu J Y,Chen C H,Chen Y I,et al.Seismo-geomagnetic anomalies andM≥5.0 earthquakes ob-served in Taiwan during 1988—2001[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2006,31:215-222.
[6]丁鉴海,索玉成,余素荣.昆仑山口西8.1级地震前电离层与磁场短期异常对比研究[J].地震,2004,23(1):104-111.
[7]丁鉴海,余素荣,肖武军.地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系[J].空间科学学报,2005,25(6):536-542.
[8]吴云,乔学军,周义炎.利用地基GPS探测震前电离层TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):36-40.
[9]张强,吴云,林剑,等.震前电离层TEC异常分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(3):91-96.
[10]Thomas Dautermann,Eric Calais,Jennifer Haase,et al.Investigation of ionospheric electron con-tent variations before earthquakes in southern California,2003—2004[J].Journal Of Geophysical re-search,2007,12:1 230-1 231.
[11]蔡军涛,赵国泽,詹艳.地震期间电离层扰动现象研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):695-701.
[12]范效来.利用GPS观测资料反演电离层电子密度变化探讨电离层扰动与地震的关系[D].武汉:中国地震局地震研究所,34,2006.
[13]Pulinets S A,Ouzouno D,Ciraolo L,et al.Thermal,atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies aroundthe time of the ColinaM7.8 earthquake of 21 January 2003[J].Annales Geophysicae,2006,24:1-15.
[14]Sergey Pulinets.Ionospheric precursor of earthquake:Recent advances in theory and practical appli-cations[J].TAO,2004,15(3):413-435.
[2]Liu J Y,Chen Y I,Pulinets S A,et al.Seismo-ionospheric signatures prior toM≥6.0 Taiwanearthquakes[J].Geophysical research letters,2000,19:3 113-3 116.
[3]Liu J Y,Chuo Y J,Pulinets S A,et al.A study on the TEC perturbations prior to the Rei-Li,Chi-Chi and Chia-Yi earthquakes[J].Seismo Electromagnetics,2004,4:297-301.
[4]Liu J Y,Chuo Y J,Shan S J,et al.Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies registered by continuousGPS TEC measurements[J].Annales Geophysicae,2004,22:1 585-1 590.
[5]Liu J Y,Chen C H,Chen Y I,et al.Seismo-geomagnetic anomalies andM≥5.0 earthquakes ob-served in Taiwan during 1988—2001[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2006,31:215-222.
[6]丁鉴海,索玉成,余素荣.昆仑山口西8.1级地震前电离层与磁场短期异常对比研究[J].地震,2004,23(1):104-111.
[7]丁鉴海,余素荣,肖武军.地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系[J].空间科学学报,2005,25(6):536-542.
[8]吴云,乔学军,周义炎.利用地基GPS探测震前电离层TEC异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):36-40.
[9]张强,吴云,林剑,等.震前电离层TEC异常分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(3):91-96.
[10]Thomas Dautermann,Eric Calais,Jennifer Haase,et al.Investigation of ionospheric electron con-tent variations before earthquakes in southern California,2003—2004[J].Journal Of Geophysical re-search,2007,12:1 230-1 231.
[11]蔡军涛,赵国泽,詹艳.地震期间电离层扰动现象研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):695-701.
[12]范效来.利用GPS观测资料反演电离层电子密度变化探讨电离层扰动与地震的关系[D].武汉:中国地震局地震研究所,34,2006.
[13]Pulinets S A,Ouzouno D,Ciraolo L,et al.Thermal,atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies aroundthe time of the ColinaM7.8 earthquake of 21 January 2003[J].Annales Geophysicae,2006,24:1-15.
[14]Sergey Pulinets.Ionospheric precursor of earthquake:Recent advances in theory and practical appli-cations[J].TAO,2004,15(3):413-435.
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