中国及邻近陆海地区软流圈三维结构及其与岩石圈的相互作用
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摘要
通过中国及邻近陆海地区天然地震面波层析成像三维Vs速度结构的系统地质构造解析,笔者论述了中国及邻近陆海地区软流圈三维结构特征,发现该区软流圈内既有高速块体,又有低速异常体,显示软流圈内存在纵向与横向上的不均匀性,研究软流圈内低速异常体三维几何结构表明,南海低速异常体呈复蘑菇状,结合地幔体波层析成像研究显示,南海地区存在巨型复蘑菇状地幔低速柱头。笔者还探讨了软流圈对岩石圈结构的影响及其相互作用问题。
This paper discusses the 3D structure features of the asthenosphere beneath China and adjacent land and sea areas based on a systematic tectonic analysis of the 3D velocity structure by using seismic surface wave tomographic imaging. Both high-velocity blocks and low-velocity anomalies were discovered in the asthenosphere of the region, indicating the existence of vertical and lateral heterogeneities in the asthenosphere. Study of the 3D geometric structure of the low-velocity anomalies in the asthenosphere suggests that the anomaly beneath the South China Sea asthenosphere is composite mushroom-shaped. According to this finding, combined with the mantle body wave tomographic image, it is concluded that a giant composite mushroom-shaped low-velocity mantle plume might occur at over 2000 km depth in the region. In addition, this paper approaches the problem related to the impact of the asthenosphere on the lithospheric structure and their interaction.
This paper discusses the 3D structure features of the asthenosphere beneath China and adjacent land and sea areas based on a systematic tectonic analysis of the 3D velocity structure by using seismic surface wave tomographic imaging. Both high-velocity blocks and low-velocity anomalies were discovered in the asthenosphere of the region, indicating the existence of vertical and lateral heterogeneities in the asthenosphere. Study of the 3D geometric structure of the low-velocity anomalies in the asthenosphere suggests that the anomaly beneath the South China Sea asthenosphere is composite mushroom-shaped. According to this finding, combined with the mantle body wave tomographic image, it is concluded that a giant composite mushroom-shaped low-velocity mantle plume might occur at over 2000 km depth in the region. In addition, this paper approaches the problem related to the impact of the asthenosphere on the lithospheric structure and their interaction.
引文
蔡学林,朱介寿,曹家敏.东亚西太平洋软流圈三维结构与动力学特征,2001.
程先琼.地震层析成像与地幔对流研究.成都理工大学博士学位论文,2004,1～127.
梁春涛.东亚及邻区地幔体波层析成像.成都理工大学硕士学位论文,2001.
蔡学林,朱介寿,曹家敏.东亚西太平洋软流圈三维结构与动力学特征,2001.
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[2]朱介寿,曹家敏,李显贵,等.中国及邻近区域地球三维结构初始模型的建立[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(5):627～648.Zhu Jinshou,C ao Jiam in,Li X iangui,et al.A prelim inary three-dim ensional Eartg's m odel of C hina and adjacent regions and its im plications[J].C hinese JournalofG eophysics,1997,40(4):499～518(in English).
[3]滕吉文,张中杰,白武明,等.岩石圈物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.813～861.Teng Jiw n,Zhang Zhongjie,Bai W um ing,et al.G eophysics of Lithosphere[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004.813～861(in C hinese).
[4]刘福田,刘建华.体波地震层析成像[A].见:袁学诚主编.中国地球物理图集[C].北京:地质出版社,1996.174～175.Liu Futian,Liu Jianhua.Seism icvecocity atdepthsof45-0km,45+0km,110km,220km,400km,600km(C hina and itsadjacentarea)[A].In:Y uan X uecheng(ed).A tlas of G eophysics in C hina[C].Beijing:G eologicalPublishing H ouse,1996.69～79,180～182.
[5]张禹慎,马石柱.全球地震面波相速度变化及其大地构造学意义[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(2):181-192.Zhang Y nshen,M a Shizhuang.G lobalsurface w ave phase velocity variations and their tectonic im plications[J].C hinese Journal of G eophysics,1997,40(2):181～192(in C hinese w ith English abstract).
[6]Fukao Y,M aruyam a S,O bayashi,etal.G eologic im plication ofthe w hole m antle P-w ave tom ography[J].Jour.G eol.Soc.Japan,1994,100(1):4～23.
[7]M aruyam a S.Plum e tectonics[J].Jour.G eol.Soc.Japan,1994,100(1):24～49.
[8]蔡学林,朱介寿,曹家敏,等.东亚西太平洋巨型裂谷体系岩石圈与软流圈结构及动力学[J].中国地质,2002,29(3):234～235.C aiX uelin,Zhu Jieshou,C ao Jiam in,etal.Structure and dynam ics of lithosphere and asthenosphere in the gigantic East Asian-W est Pacific riftsystem[J].G eology in C hina,2002,29(3):234～245(in C hinese w ith English abtract).
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