面元大小与纵向分辨率关系
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摘要
分辨率是度量地震资料品质的一个重要技术指标。提高纵向分辨率已从传统的采集处理方法逐渐过渡到以较小的空间波场采样率为主导的采集处理方法。近年来,人们对于小面元采集技术可提高纵向分辨率有两种认识:其一是认为在三维地震勘探中用来表示最高混叠频率与面元大小的关系式,可以表示面元大小与纵向分辨率的关系;其二是认为偏移处理可提高纵向分辨率。为此笔者用实际资料和物理模型正演系统地分析了面元大小与纵向分辨率的关系,指出了小面元本身并没有提高纵向分辨率,而它提高纵向分辨率的实质是通过面元叠加提高高频端信噪比,进而提高纵向分辨率。
The resolution is an important technical index measuring the quality of seismic data. The job of improvement of inline resolution has been gradually transited from traditional acquisition and processing methods to that mainly taking smaller spatial sampling rate of wave field. In recent years, the people have two kinds of knowledge for improvement of inline resolution by minor bin size acquisition technique: one is to consider the formula, expressing the relationship between the highest Nyquist frequency and bin size in 3-D seismic exploration, can express the relationship between bin size and inline resolution; the other is to consider the migration can improve inline resolution. For that reason, analyzed systematically the relationship between bin size and inline resolution by practical data and forward physical models, the authors pointed out that the minor bin size itself does not improve the inline resolution and the nature of improving inline resolution is to improve S/N ratio in high-frequency ends by bin size stack and then to improve inline resolution.
The resolution is an important technical index measuring the quality of seismic data. The job of improvement of inline resolution has been gradually transited from traditional acquisition and processing methods to that mainly taking smaller spatial sampling rate of wave field. In recent years, the people have two kinds of knowledge for improvement of inline resolution by minor bin size acquisition technique: one is to consider the formula, expressing the relationship between the highest Nyquist frequency and bin size in 3-D seismic exploration, can express the relationship between bin size and inline resolution; the other is to consider the migration can improve inline resolution. For that reason, analyzed systematically the relationship between bin size and inline resolution by practical data and forward physical models, the authors pointed out that the minor bin size itself does not improve the inline resolution and the nature of improving inline resolution is to improve S/N ratio in high-frequency ends by bin size stack and then to improve inline resolution.
引文
[1]Andreas Cordsen等著;俞寿朋等译.陆上三维地震勘探的设计与施工.石油地球物理勘探局,1997
[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[3]R E谢里夫(美),L P吉尔达特(加).勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999
[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[3]R E谢里夫(美),L P吉尔达特(加).勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999
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