折射波剩余静校正方法
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摘要
山地、沙漠及其他复杂地表地区地震资料的线性散射噪声和随机噪声很强,有效反射信号弱,资料信噪比较低,静校正问题严重,使用常规剩余静校正方法难以见效。本文利用折射波信噪比高的特点,将反射波剩余静校正方法应用于折射波资料处理,通过交互手段,逐段估算折射波的速度,用合适的速度对地震记录进行线性动校正,在共炮点或共中心点道集上,用相关方法计算各道与模型道时差,再用统计方法计算出炮点和检波点剩余静校正量。将该方法应用于信噪比较低、反射波剩余静校正方法难以奏效的复杂地表区,获得良好处理效果。
There are strong linear scattering noise and random noises in seismic data of mountains,deserts and other complex surface areas,which cause weak useful reflected signal, poor S/N ratio of data and serious issue of static corrections that has difficulty in using common residual static correction. Using the feature of high S/N ratio of refraction,the paper applied the method of reflection residual static corrections to processing of refraction data ; suitable velocities were used to carry out the linear NMO of seismic records by interactive means and appreciation of refraction velocities piece by piece; on the common shot gathers or CMP gathers,the moveout between model traces and separate traces was computed by correlation method and then the residual statics at shot points and receiver points were computed by statistic method. The method was used in the complex area where the S/N ratio was poor and reflection residual static corrections were difficult to achieve success, which obtained good processing results.
There are strong linear scattering noise and random noises in seismic data of mountains,deserts and other complex surface areas,which cause weak useful reflected signal, poor S/N ratio of data and serious issue of static corrections that has difficulty in using common residual static correction. Using the feature of high S/N ratio of refraction,the paper applied the method of reflection residual static corrections to processing of refraction data ; suitable velocities were used to carry out the linear NMO of seismic records by interactive means and appreciation of refraction velocities piece by piece; on the common shot gathers or CMP gathers,the moveout between model traces and separate traces was computed by correlation method and then the residual statics at shot points and receiver points were computed by statistic method. The method was used in the complex area where the S/N ratio was poor and reflection residual static corrections were difficult to achieve success, which obtained good processing results.
引文
[1]Mike Cox著;李培明等译.反射地震勘探静校正技术.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[2]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[3]王彦春等.交互迭代静校正方法.石油物探,1998,37(2):~
[4]寻浩,李志明.非线性反演方法在剩余静校正中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(4):464~473
[5]Rothman D H.Automatics estimation of large residual statics corrections.Geophysics,1996,51:332~346
[6]Marsden Dave.Static corrections—a review,Part,Part,Part.The Leading Edge,1993,12(1,2,3):43~49,115~120,210~216
[2]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[3]王彦春等.交互迭代静校正方法.石油物探,1998,37(2):~
[4]寻浩,李志明.非线性反演方法在剩余静校正中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(4):464~473
[5]Rothman D H.Automatics estimation of large residual statics corrections.Geophysics,1996,51:332~346
[6]Marsden Dave.Static corrections—a review,Part,Part,Part.The Leading Edge,1993,12(1,2,3):43~49,115~120,210~216
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