汶川M_S 8.0特大地震破坏特征初步研究
|
摘要
2008年5月12日的汶川8.0级特大地震造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。地震现场考察认为:极震区烈度为Ⅺ度,表现为强烈的带状分布,且破坏很重,地震破坏在垂直于断裂的方向上衰减非常快;Ⅹ度区和Ⅸ度区垂直于断裂的方向上极窄,Ⅹ度区和Ⅸ度区偏小;烈度在断层两侧迅速衰减,但Ⅵ度、Ⅶ度区的影响范围非常大,Ⅵ度区的影响范围约24万km2。垂直于断裂的方向上南部破坏范围在Ⅵ度区远大于北部地区。在不同烈度区均出现了大量的烈度异常点。对各类建(构)筑物、地貌、地形的破坏类型、破坏方式均有了新的认识。
The MS 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May 2008 caused heavy casualties and economic loss.According to the field investigations,the characteristics can be included as follows:The meizoseismal region with an intensity of XI,showing obviously zonal distribution,suffers serious destruction from the earthquake,and the destruction perpendicular to the rupture decreases sharply.At the same time,the intensity X and IX degree regions perpendicular to the rupture are narrow and therefore their coverage area is small.The intensity on both sides of the rupture attenuates rapidly,but the Ⅶ degree region and the VI degree region are wide,the latter region covering about 240,000 square kilometers.In the VI degree region,the damage area perpendicular to the rupture in the southern part is much larger than that of the northern part.Besides,many new understandings about the destruction types and destructive modes of all kinds of buildings,landform and terrain are gained in this paper.
The MS 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May 2008 caused heavy casualties and economic loss.According to the field investigations,the characteristics can be included as follows:The meizoseismal region with an intensity of XI,showing obviously zonal distribution,suffers serious destruction from the earthquake,and the destruction perpendicular to the rupture decreases sharply.At the same time,the intensity X and IX degree regions perpendicular to the rupture are narrow and therefore their coverage area is small.The intensity on both sides of the rupture attenuates rapidly,but the Ⅶ degree region and the VI degree region are wide,the latter region covering about 240,000 square kilometers.In the VI degree region,the damage area perpendicular to the rupture in the southern part is much larger than that of the northern part.Besides,many new understandings about the destruction types and destructive modes of all kinds of buildings,landform and terrain are gained in this paper.
引文
陈达生,时振梁,徐宗和,等.2004.中国地震烈度表(GB/T17742-1999)[S].北京:中国标准出版社.CHEN Da-sheng,SHI Zhen-liang,XU Zong-he,et al.2004.The Chinese Seismic Intensity Scale[S].Standards Pressof China,Beijing(in Chinese).
陈晓青,崔鹏,程尊兰,等.2008.5.12汶川地震堰塞湖危险性应急评估[J].地学前缘,15(4):244—249.CHEN Xiao-qing,CUI Peng,CHENG Zun-lan,et al.2008.Emergency risk assessment of dammed lakes caused by theWenchuan earthquake on May12[J].Earth Science Frontier,15(4),244—249(in Chinese).
陈运泰,许力生,张勇,等.2008.2008年5月12日汶川特大地震震源特性分析报告[R].http://www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/chenyuntai.pdf.CHEN Yun-tai,XU Li-sheng,ZHANG Yong,et al.2008.Analysis of the source parameters of the great Wenchuanearthquake of May12,2008[R].http://www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/chenyuntai.pdf(in Chinese).
何宏林,孙昭民,魏占玉,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带白沙河断裂及其位移特征[J].地震地质,30(3):658—673.HE Hong-lin,SUN Zhao-min,WEI Zhan-yu,et al.2008.Rupture of TheMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake along theBaishahe River[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):658—673(in Chinese).
李传友,叶建青,谢富仁,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表排列带北川以北段的基本特征[J].地震地质,30(3):683—696(in Chinese).LI Chuan-you,YE Jian-qing,XIE Fu-ren,et al.2008.Characteristics of the surface rupture zone of theMS8.0Wen-chuan Earthquake,China along the segment north to Beichuan[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):683—696(inChinese).
李志强,袁一凡,李晓丽,等.2008.对汶川地震宏观震中和极震区的认识[J].地震地质,30(3):597—629.LI Zhi-qiang,YUAN Yi-fan,LI Xiao-li,et al.2008.Some insights into the macro-epicenter and meizoseismal region ofWenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):597—629(in Chinese).
刘恢先主编.1985.唐山大地震震害(第一册)[M].北京:地震出版社.LIU Hui-xian(ed).1985.Tangshan Earthquake Hazard(vol.1)[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
马文涛,李海欧,杨主恩,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震对四川省水利水电工程场地安全性评价结果的检验[J].地震地质,30(3):796—803.MA Wen-tao,LI Hai-ou,YANG Zhu-en,et al.2008.Verify the reservoir seismic safety assessment in Sichuan Provincewith theM8.0Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):796—803(in Chinese).
冉勇康,陈立春,陈桂华,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震发震断裂大地震原地重复现象初析[J].地震地质,30(3):630—642.RAN Yong-kang,CHEN Li-chun,CHEN Gui-hua,et al.2008.Primary analyses of in-situ recurrence of large earth-quake along seismogenic fault of theMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):630—642(in Chinese).
孙景江,马强,石宏彬,等.2008.汶川地震高烈度区域城镇房屋震害简介[J].地震工程与工程振动,28(3):7—15.SUN Jing-jiang,MA Qiang,SHI Hong-bin,et al.2008.Building damage in cities and towns located in higher intensityareas during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,28(3):7—15(in Chinese).
新华通讯社.2008.温家宝:努力做好汶川地震灾后恢复重建工作[R].http:∥www.sc.xinhuanet.com/content/2008-09/16/content_14412815_2.htm.XINHUA News Agency.2008.Premier Wen Jia-bao:Work hard on post Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction[R].http:∥www.sc.xinhuanet.com/content/2008-09/16/content_14412815_2.htm(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂及其发震构造[J].地震地质,30(3):597—629.XUXi-wei,WEN Xue-ze,YE Jian-qing,et al.2008.TheMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and its seis-mogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):597—629(in Chinese).
殷跃平.2008.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,16(4):433—445.YIN Yue-ping.2008.Researches on the geo-hazards triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake,Sichuan[J].Journal of En-gineering Geology,16(4):433—435(in Chinese).
尹之潜,鄢家全,徐锡伟,等.2004.地震现场工作第三部分:调查规范(GB/T18208.3-2000)[S].北京:中国标准出版社.YIN Zhi-qian,YAN Jia-quan,XU Xi-wei,et al.2004.Post-earthquake Field Works-Part3:Code for Field Survey[S].Standards Press of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
张敏政.2008.汶川地震中都江堰市的房屋震害[J].地震工程与工程振动,28(3):1—6.ZHANG Min-zheng.2008.Building damage in Dujiangyan duringM8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,28(3):1—6(in Chinese).
中国地震局震害防御司.2008.中国强震记录汇报第十二集第一卷:汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社.China Earthquake Administration.2008.Report on Strong Earthquake Motion Records in China,vol.12,no.1[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
中国地震台网中心.2008.汶川地震专题余震情况[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/index080512.htm.China Earthquake Networks Center.2008.Aftershocks of the Wenchuan Earthquake[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/si-chuan/index080512.htm(in Chinese).
陈晓青,崔鹏,程尊兰,等.2008.5.12汶川地震堰塞湖危险性应急评估[J].地学前缘,15(4):244—249.CHEN Xiao-qing,CUI Peng,CHENG Zun-lan,et al.2008.Emergency risk assessment of dammed lakes caused by theWenchuan earthquake on May12[J].Earth Science Frontier,15(4),244—249(in Chinese).
陈运泰,许力生,张勇,等.2008.2008年5月12日汶川特大地震震源特性分析报告[R].http://www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/chenyuntai.pdf.CHEN Yun-tai,XU Li-sheng,ZHANG Yong,et al.2008.Analysis of the source parameters of the great Wenchuanearthquake of May12,2008[R].http://www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/chenyuntai.pdf(in Chinese).
何宏林,孙昭民,魏占玉,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带白沙河断裂及其位移特征[J].地震地质,30(3):658—673.HE Hong-lin,SUN Zhao-min,WEI Zhan-yu,et al.2008.Rupture of TheMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake along theBaishahe River[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):658—673(in Chinese).
李传友,叶建青,谢富仁,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表排列带北川以北段的基本特征[J].地震地质,30(3):683—696(in Chinese).LI Chuan-you,YE Jian-qing,XIE Fu-ren,et al.2008.Characteristics of the surface rupture zone of theMS8.0Wen-chuan Earthquake,China along the segment north to Beichuan[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):683—696(inChinese).
李志强,袁一凡,李晓丽,等.2008.对汶川地震宏观震中和极震区的认识[J].地震地质,30(3):597—629.LI Zhi-qiang,YUAN Yi-fan,LI Xiao-li,et al.2008.Some insights into the macro-epicenter and meizoseismal region ofWenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):597—629(in Chinese).
刘恢先主编.1985.唐山大地震震害(第一册)[M].北京:地震出版社.LIU Hui-xian(ed).1985.Tangshan Earthquake Hazard(vol.1)[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
马文涛,李海欧,杨主恩,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震对四川省水利水电工程场地安全性评价结果的检验[J].地震地质,30(3):796—803.MA Wen-tao,LI Hai-ou,YANG Zhu-en,et al.2008.Verify the reservoir seismic safety assessment in Sichuan Provincewith theM8.0Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):796—803(in Chinese).
冉勇康,陈立春,陈桂华,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震发震断裂大地震原地重复现象初析[J].地震地质,30(3):630—642.RAN Yong-kang,CHEN Li-chun,CHEN Gui-hua,et al.2008.Primary analyses of in-situ recurrence of large earth-quake along seismogenic fault of theMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):630—642(in Chinese).
孙景江,马强,石宏彬,等.2008.汶川地震高烈度区域城镇房屋震害简介[J].地震工程与工程振动,28(3):7—15.SUN Jing-jiang,MA Qiang,SHI Hong-bin,et al.2008.Building damage in cities and towns located in higher intensityareas during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,28(3):7—15(in Chinese).
新华通讯社.2008.温家宝:努力做好汶川地震灾后恢复重建工作[R].http:∥www.sc.xinhuanet.com/content/2008-09/16/content_14412815_2.htm.XINHUA News Agency.2008.Premier Wen Jia-bao:Work hard on post Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction[R].http:∥www.sc.xinhuanet.com/content/2008-09/16/content_14412815_2.htm(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂及其发震构造[J].地震地质,30(3):597—629.XUXi-wei,WEN Xue-ze,YE Jian-qing,et al.2008.TheMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and its seis-mogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):597—629(in Chinese).
殷跃平.2008.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,16(4):433—445.YIN Yue-ping.2008.Researches on the geo-hazards triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake,Sichuan[J].Journal of En-gineering Geology,16(4):433—435(in Chinese).
尹之潜,鄢家全,徐锡伟,等.2004.地震现场工作第三部分:调查规范(GB/T18208.3-2000)[S].北京:中国标准出版社.YIN Zhi-qian,YAN Jia-quan,XU Xi-wei,et al.2004.Post-earthquake Field Works-Part3:Code for Field Survey[S].Standards Press of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
张敏政.2008.汶川地震中都江堰市的房屋震害[J].地震工程与工程振动,28(3):1—6.ZHANG Min-zheng.2008.Building damage in Dujiangyan duringM8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,28(3):1—6(in Chinese).
中国地震局震害防御司.2008.中国强震记录汇报第十二集第一卷:汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社.China Earthquake Administration.2008.Report on Strong Earthquake Motion Records in China,vol.12,no.1[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
中国地震台网中心.2008.汶川地震专题余震情况[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/sichuan/index080512.htm.China Earthquake Networks Center.2008.Aftershocks of the Wenchuan Earthquake[R].http:∥www.csi.ac.cn/si-chuan/index080512.htm(in Chinese).
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心