双反射偏移(DWM)技术介绍及应用
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摘要
通过波动方程全波场正演模拟技术,揭示了垂直界面产生的二次反射,即双反射的波场特征,在此基础上研究了双反射偏移成像技术。模型正演表明,双反射偏移成像技术可使地下垂直或接近垂直的界面得以准确成像。通过该项技术的应用,使得利用常规地震处理技术不能准确成像的近垂直的各种波阻抗界面(断面、盐丘侧翼、油气水分界线等)得以准确成像,这对常规地震成像作了有益的补充。对有关断裂系统地质信息的准确识别及发现由断裂控制的继承性高产油气带和由微断层分割控制的剩余油等均具有十分重要的意义。
According to the forward modeling technique of wave equation, the duplex wave features of the vertical boundaries are indicated. The duplex wave migration imaging technique is studied. The results of the forward modeling and the application of this technique show that duplex wave migration enables the identification of all types of vertical boundaries including salt walls, subtle vertical faults within the reservoir, vertical zones that exist above the oil to water contacts etc, which is a beneficial supplement for the conventional seismic processing. This technique takes a significant part in recognizing the geologic information related to the fault system and discovering the high production oil/gas zones controlled by fault and the remaining oil controlled by microfault.
According to the forward modeling technique of wave equation, the duplex wave features of the vertical boundaries are indicated. The duplex wave migration imaging technique is studied. The results of the forward modeling and the application of this technique show that duplex wave migration enables the identification of all types of vertical boundaries including salt walls, subtle vertical faults within the reservoir, vertical zones that exist above the oil to water contacts etc, which is a beneficial supplement for the conventional seismic processing. This technique takes a significant part in recognizing the geologic information related to the fault system and discovering the high production oil/gas zones controlled by fault and the remaining oil controlled by microfault.
引文
[1]Kostyukevych AS,MarmalevskyNY,Gornyak ZV,et al.Finite-difference modeling of duplex waves reflected from subvertical boundaries[J].Geophysical Journal(Ukraine),2001,23(3):110-115(in Russian).
[2]LutsenkoBN.Seismic waves interpretation within complexmedia[M].Moscow:Nedra,1987:120(in Russian).
[3]Misra KS,SlaneyVR,GrahamD,et al.Mappingofbasement and other tectonic features usingseasat and thematic mapper in hydro-carbon producing areas of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin of Canada[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing,1991,17(2):137-151.
[4]McMechan GA.Migration byextrapolation of time-dependent bo-undaryvalues[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1983,31:413-420.
[5]Yoon K,Warfurt K,Starr W.Challenges in reverse-time migration[C].74th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstra-cts,2004:1057-1060.
[6]Fletcher R,Fowler P,Kitchenside P,et al.Suppressing artifacts in prestack reverse time migration[C].75th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2005:2049-2051.
[7]Jin S,Xu S,Walraven D.One-return wave equation migration:Imaging of duplex waves[C].76th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2006:2338-2341.
[8]Farmer P A,Jones I F,Zhou H,et al.Application ofreverse time migration to complex imaging problems[J].First Break,2006,24(9):65-73.
[9]Marmalevsky N Y,Roganov Y V,Gornyak Z V,et al.Migration of duplex waves[C].75th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Ex-panded Abstracts,2005:2025-2028.
[10]RoganovYV.3Deikonal solver in tilted TI media[C].68th EAGE Conference and Exhibition,Expanded Abstracts,2006:184.
[2]LutsenkoBN.Seismic waves interpretation within complexmedia[M].Moscow:Nedra,1987:120(in Russian).
[3]Misra KS,SlaneyVR,GrahamD,et al.Mappingofbasement and other tectonic features usingseasat and thematic mapper in hydro-carbon producing areas of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin of Canada[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing,1991,17(2):137-151.
[4]McMechan GA.Migration byextrapolation of time-dependent bo-undaryvalues[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1983,31:413-420.
[5]Yoon K,Warfurt K,Starr W.Challenges in reverse-time migration[C].74th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstra-cts,2004:1057-1060.
[6]Fletcher R,Fowler P,Kitchenside P,et al.Suppressing artifacts in prestack reverse time migration[C].75th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2005:2049-2051.
[7]Jin S,Xu S,Walraven D.One-return wave equation migration:Imaging of duplex waves[C].76th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2006:2338-2341.
[8]Farmer P A,Jones I F,Zhou H,et al.Application ofreverse time migration to complex imaging problems[J].First Break,2006,24(9):65-73.
[9]Marmalevsky N Y,Roganov Y V,Gornyak Z V,et al.Migration of duplex waves[C].75th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Ex-panded Abstracts,2005:2025-2028.
[10]RoganovYV.3Deikonal solver in tilted TI media[C].68th EAGE Conference and Exhibition,Expanded Abstracts,2006:184.
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