稀疏采样下陡角度构造的波动方程深度偏移成像
|
摘要
针对稀疏采样,特别是crossline方向稀疏采样的三维地震数据,提出了一个基于波动方程方法的陡角度构造深度偏移成像方法.文中针对一类混合域(空间和波数)的波动方程偏移方法展开研究.通过建立反假频的单程波算子和通过(形式上)填充空道重建理想采样的地震数据,有效地实现了陡倾角地层的准确成像.这一算法策略解决了波动方程偏移方法在实际应用中的一个关键问题,从而更好地发挥了波动方程偏移方法在复杂构造成像上的优势.二维理论数据(Marmousi模型)和三维实际地震资料成像结果表明本文方法是有效的.这一方法对现行的三维地震数据处理有重要的现实意义.
We propose a wave equation based migration scheme for imaging the steep dipping structures with 3-D sparsely sampling dataset,especially sparsely sampled in the crossline direction.The scheme is developed based on the hybrid domain(wavenumber and space) wave equation based migration methods.The problem for imaging the steep dipping structures can be solved by applying anti-alias oneway propagator together with filling zero traces into the original sparsely sampling data(to generate a dataset with sufficient sampling).The proposed scheme overcomes a main difficulty when applying wave equation based migration methods to the field data.As a result,good imaging can be obtained for the complex structures by using wave equation based migration methods.The proposed scheme is demonstrated by 2-D Marmousi dataset and 3-D field data.The proposed scheme will be much helpful to the current 3-D dataset processing.
We propose a wave equation based migration scheme for imaging the steep dipping structures with 3-D sparsely sampling dataset,especially sparsely sampled in the crossline direction.The scheme is developed based on the hybrid domain(wavenumber and space) wave equation based migration methods.The problem for imaging the steep dipping structures can be solved by applying anti-alias oneway propagator together with filling zero traces into the original sparsely sampling data(to generate a dataset with sufficient sampling).The proposed scheme overcomes a main difficulty when applying wave equation based migration methods to the field data.As a result,good imaging can be obtained for the complex structures by using wave equation based migration methods.The proposed scheme is demonstrated by 2-D Marmousi dataset and 3-D field data.The proposed scheme will be much helpful to the current 3-D dataset processing.
引文
[1]Sébastien Geoltrain,Jean Brac.Can we image complex structureswith first-arrival traveltime?Geophysics,1993,58(4):564~575
[2]程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移.地球物理学报,2001,44(3):389~395Cheng J B,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.Pre-stack depth migration withfinite-difference method in frequency-space domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese)2001,44(3):389~395
[3]Lumley D,Claerbout J,Bevc D.Anti-aliased Kirchhoff 3_Dmigration.64th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1994.1282~1285
[4]Biondi B.Kirchhoff imaging beyond aliasing.Geophysics,2001,66(2):654~666
[5]Zhang Yu,James C Sun,Samuel H Grayz.Aliasing in wavefieldextrapolation prestack migration.Geophysics,2003,68(2):629~633
[6]刘喜武,刘洪,刘彬.反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):299~305Liu X W,Liu H,Liu B.A study on reconstruction of de-aliaseduneven seismic data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):299~305
[7]Daniel Trad,Jeff Deere,Scott Cheadle.Understanding land datainterpolation.75th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2005.2158~2161
[8]Stoffa P L,Fokkema J T,de Luna Freire R M,et al.Split-stepFourier migration.Geophysics,1990,55(4):410~421
[9]Ristow D,Ruhl T.Fourier finite-difference migration.Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882~1893
[10]Le Rousseau J H,de Hoop M V.Modeling and imaging with thescalar generalized-screen algorithms in isotropic media.Geophysics,2001,66(5):1551~1568
[11]Fu L Y.Broadband constant-coefficient propagators.Geophys.Prosp.,2005,53(3):299~310
[12]刘礼农,高红伟,刘洪,张剑锋.三维VTI介质中波动方程深度偏移的最优分裂Fourier方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):406~414Liu L N,Gao H W,Liu H,Zhang J F.Wave equation depthmigration with optimum split-step Fourier method in 3D VTI media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):406~414
[13]Liu Linong,Zhang Jianfeng.3_D wavefield extrapolation withoptimum split-step Fourier method.Geophysics,2006,71(3):T95~T108
[14]Zhang Jianfeng,Wapenaar C P A.Wavefield extrapolation andamplitude-variation-with-angle migration in highly discontinuousmedia.Geophys.J.Int.,2003,155(1):327~339
[15]Versteeg R,Grau G.The Marmousi experience.Proc.1990 Eur.Assn.Geosci.Eng.Workshop on Practical Aspects of Seismic DataInversion.1990
[2]程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移.地球物理学报,2001,44(3):389~395Cheng J B,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.Pre-stack depth migration withfinite-difference method in frequency-space domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese)2001,44(3):389~395
[3]Lumley D,Claerbout J,Bevc D.Anti-aliased Kirchhoff 3_Dmigration.64th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1994.1282~1285
[4]Biondi B.Kirchhoff imaging beyond aliasing.Geophysics,2001,66(2):654~666
[5]Zhang Yu,James C Sun,Samuel H Grayz.Aliasing in wavefieldextrapolation prestack migration.Geophysics,2003,68(2):629~633
[6]刘喜武,刘洪,刘彬.反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):299~305Liu X W,Liu H,Liu B.A study on reconstruction of de-aliaseduneven seismic data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):299~305
[7]Daniel Trad,Jeff Deere,Scott Cheadle.Understanding land datainterpolation.75th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2005.2158~2161
[8]Stoffa P L,Fokkema J T,de Luna Freire R M,et al.Split-stepFourier migration.Geophysics,1990,55(4):410~421
[9]Ristow D,Ruhl T.Fourier finite-difference migration.Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882~1893
[10]Le Rousseau J H,de Hoop M V.Modeling and imaging with thescalar generalized-screen algorithms in isotropic media.Geophysics,2001,66(5):1551~1568
[11]Fu L Y.Broadband constant-coefficient propagators.Geophys.Prosp.,2005,53(3):299~310
[12]刘礼农,高红伟,刘洪,张剑锋.三维VTI介质中波动方程深度偏移的最优分裂Fourier方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):406~414Liu L N,Gao H W,Liu H,Zhang J F.Wave equation depthmigration with optimum split-step Fourier method in 3D VTI media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):406~414
[13]Liu Linong,Zhang Jianfeng.3_D wavefield extrapolation withoptimum split-step Fourier method.Geophysics,2006,71(3):T95~T108
[14]Zhang Jianfeng,Wapenaar C P A.Wavefield extrapolation andamplitude-variation-with-angle migration in highly discontinuousmedia.Geophys.J.Int.,2003,155(1):327~339
[15]Versteeg R,Grau G.The Marmousi experience.Proc.1990 Eur.Assn.Geosci.Eng.Workshop on Practical Aspects of Seismic DataInversion.1990
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心