中东亚大陆塑性流动网络控制下构造变形的物理模拟
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摘要
以塑化松香和干凝滑石粉浆分别作为岩石圈延性下层（下地壳及岩石圈地幔）和脆性上层（上部地壳）的相似材料，就亚洲中东部大陆在板块边界推挤作用下的构造变形进行了模拟实验。初步结果表明，本地区在印度板块和菲律宾海板块的推挤下，形成两个塑性流动网络系统，它们控制了岩石圈上层构造变形，在分布格局上大致与地震的网络状分布相对应；东北部可能存在另一规模较小、作用较弱的驱动边界及相应的网络系统，由于它的影响，导致华北北部构造带和地震带的扭曲。实验还表明，大型压性盆地的形成与岩石圈下层稳定块体的存在有关。
To model tectonic deformation of the central eastern Asian continent compressed along the plate boundaries, plasticized rosin and solidified talc powder slurry are used respectively as analog material of ductile lower layer (i.e. the lower crust and lithospheric mantle) and brittle upper layer (i.e. the upper crust) of the lithosphere. The preliminary results of the experiments indicate that two plastic flow network systems, i.e. those named “Central Eastern Asia” and “Southeast China”, are formed under the compression of the Indian and Philippine sea plates along the Himalayan and Taiwan driving boundaries, respectively. They control the tectonic deformation of the brittle upper layer and are coincident roughly in general pattern with the netlike distribution of earthquakes in this region. The third driving boundary with weaker action and smaller scale and a network system corresponding to it may exist in the northeastern part of this region, which may result in the tectonic and seismic belts to be kinked in the northern area of North China. The experiments also show that the origin of large scale compressional basins are associated with the existence of stable blocks in the lower lithosphere.
To model tectonic deformation of the central eastern Asian continent compressed along the plate boundaries, plasticized rosin and solidified talc powder slurry are used respectively as analog material of ductile lower layer (i.e. the lower crust and lithospheric mantle) and brittle upper layer (i.e. the upper crust) of the lithosphere. The preliminary results of the experiments indicate that two plastic flow network systems, i.e. those named “Central Eastern Asia” and “Southeast China”, are formed under the compression of the Indian and Philippine sea plates along the Himalayan and Taiwan driving boundaries, respectively. They control the tectonic deformation of the brittle upper layer and are coincident roughly in general pattern with the netlike distribution of earthquakes in this region. The third driving boundary with weaker action and smaller scale and a network system corresponding to it may exist in the northeastern part of this region, which may result in the tectonic and seismic belts to be kinked in the northern area of North China. The experiments also show that the origin of large scale compressional basins are associated with the existence of stable blocks in the lower lithosphere.
引文
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