海地地震前电离层电子含量数据异常分析
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摘要
利用美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)提供的电离层总电子含量(TEC)数据,研究了2010年1月12日海地首都太子港发生MS7.3级地震,采用从点到面、从时间到空间的方法分析了震前1个月的TEC变化,发现在海地震前3天TEC出现异常扰动.首先,利用时间序列曲线分析发现2010年1月10至12日之间的TEC异常增大,最大值超过月均值的3倍标准差.其次,利用空间分布图发现10至12日TEC异常区主要分布在震中附近.最后,利用"面-时间段"数据分析发现震中5个经纬度内范围内TEC在震前3天出现异常增大,震前1天达到最大值,震后TEC数值回落.结果分析说明,该异常和海地地震有关.
A devastating MS7.3 earthquake hit the capital of Haiti on January 12,2010.Here TEC(Total electron content) data provided by NOAA is used to analyze the ionosphere change before Haiti earthquake.First time series TEC data from December 12,2009 to January 12,2010 is plotted,and the result shows the TEC value begin to increase 3 days before the quake,and it gets to the maximum value just 1 day before the quake;Second the spatial distribution of TEC map is plotted,and the result shows that the TEC anomaly just exists near the epicenter in the whole north and central America continent;Finally TEC data within 5 degrees around the epicenter is calculated,and it shows the TEC gets to the maximum value 1 days before the quake,and drops after the quake.So by analyzing from the temporal and spatial features,we consider that the TEC anomaly is related to the Haiti earthquake.
A devastating MS7.3 earthquake hit the capital of Haiti on January 12,2010.Here TEC(Total electron content) data provided by NOAA is used to analyze the ionosphere change before Haiti earthquake.First time series TEC data from December 12,2009 to January 12,2010 is plotted,and the result shows the TEC value begin to increase 3 days before the quake,and it gets to the maximum value just 1 day before the quake;Second the spatial distribution of TEC map is plotted,and the result shows that the TEC anomaly just exists near the epicenter in the whole north and central America continent;Finally TEC data within 5 degrees around the epicenter is calculated,and it shows the TEC gets to the maximum value 1 days before the quake,and drops after the quake.So by analyzing from the temporal and spatial features,we consider that the TEC anomaly is related to the Haiti earthquake.
引文
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[2]丁鉴海,索玉成,余素荣.地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系[J].空间科学学报,2005,25(6):536-542.Ding Jianhai,Suo Yucheng,Yu Surong.Phenomena ofgeomagnetic and ionospheric anomalies and their rela-tion to earthquakes[J].Chin J Space Sci,2005,25(6):536-542(Ch).
[3]郭自强.地震低频电磁辐射研究[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(1):261-265.Guo Ziqiang.Investigation on low-frequency seis-moelectromagnetic emission[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1994,37(1):261-265(Ch).
[4]Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K A,Lomonosov A M,et al.Ionospheric precursors to earthquakes:apreliminaryanalysis of the foF2critical frequencies at Chung-Liground-based station for vertical sounding ionosphere(Taiwan island)[J].Geomagnetism and Aeronomy,2002,42(4):508-513.
[5]Skone S,Hoyle V.Canadian GPS network for iono-sphere monitoring[J].GPS Solution,2005,9:59-62.
[6]Molchanov O A,Hayakaw A M.On the generationmechanism of ULF seism ogenic electrom agnetic emis-sions[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interi-ors,1998,105:201-210.
[7]Ondoh T.Seismic-ionosphere effects[C]//Atmospher-ic and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phenomena associ-ated with Earthquakes.Tokyo:Terra Scientific Pub-lishing Company,1999:789-803.
[8]Liu J Y.Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies regis-tered by continuous GPS TEC measurements[J].Annales Geophysicae,2004,22:1585-1593.
[9]Leonard R S,Barnes R A.Observation of ionosphericdisturbances following the Alaska earthquake[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70(5):1250-1253.
[10]Calais E M.GPS detection of ionospheric TEC pertur-bations following the January 17,1994,North irdgeearthquake[J].Geophys Res Lett,1995,22:1045-1048.
[11]Pulinets S A.Strong earthquakes prediction possibilitywith the help of topside sounding from satellites[J].Advances in Space Research,1998,21(3):455-458.
[12]Zaslavski Y,Parrot M,Blance E.Analysis of VTECmeasurements above active seismic regions[J].PhysEarth Planet Int,1998,105:219-228.
[13]Pulinets S A.Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes;recent advances in theory and practical applications[J].TAO,2004,15(3):413-415.
[14]Wilson B D.Subdaily northern hemisphere ionosphericmaps using an extensive network of GPS receivers[J].Radio Science,1999,30:639.
[15]Kim V P,Hegai V V.A possible presage of strongearthquake in the night-time mid-latitude region iono-sphere[C]//Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electro-magnetic Phenomena associated with Earthquakes.To-kyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Company,1999:619-627.
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