煤矿陷落柱地震识别技术研究
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摘要
岩溶陷落柱是煤田开采中一种常见的地质灾害体.由于地质条件、区域构造不同,岩溶陷落柱发育具有随机性特点,单从地质上对其预测并不能从根本上解决现阶段的实际问题.为正确研究识别地震勘探手段所能探测的岩溶陷落柱及其尺寸,本文给定相同地层模型及探测条件,得到对应于不同规模岩溶陷落柱的同一时间叠加剖面和偏移剖面,通过对其波剖面比较以及地震响应分析,研究不同规模岩溶陷落柱在地震剖面上的变化规律,提出识别陷落柱的依据,对正确分辨和圈定陷落柱具有一定指导意义.
Karst collapse column is a common geologic hazards in coal mining.As a result of different geological conditions and regional structures,Karst collapse column developed with features of random.It is impossible to solve the practical problems fundamentally only by projection from geology.To research and identify the karst collapse column and its size detected by the seismic exploration methods correctly,we built models with same information and detection conditions,the stacked profiles and migration profiles of different Karst collapse column scales were obtained at the same time,through the comparison of seismic wave profiles and seismic response analysis,the change rules of the Karst collapse columns with different scale in the seismic sections were researched and the basis to identify the collapse columns was proposed,which was instructive to distinguish and delimit collapse column correctly.
Karst collapse column is a common geologic hazards in coal mining.As a result of different geological conditions and regional structures,Karst collapse column developed with features of random.It is impossible to solve the practical problems fundamentally only by projection from geology.To research and identify the karst collapse column and its size detected by the seismic exploration methods correctly,we built models with same information and detection conditions,the stacked profiles and migration profiles of different Karst collapse column scales were obtained at the same time,through the comparison of seismic wave profiles and seismic response analysis,the change rules of the Karst collapse columns with different scale in the seismic sections were researched and the basis to identify the collapse columns was proposed,which was instructive to distinguish and delimit collapse column correctly.
引文
[1]张茂林,尹尚先.华北型煤田陷落柱形成过程研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(6):26-29.Zhang Maolin,Yin Shangxian.Forming process of subsidedcolumn in coalfields of North China[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,23(1):120-123.
[2]刘国林.物探技术在探测岩溶陷落柱中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2003,8:4-6.Liu Guolin.Application of geological prospecting technique onKarst collapse column detection[J].Coal Mine Engineering,2003,8:4-6.
[3]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.华北煤矿区岩溶陷落柱特征及成因探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):120-123.Yin Shangxian,Wu Qiang,Wang Shangxu.Studies oncharacters and forming mechanism of Karstic collapse columnat mine area of north china[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):120-123.
[4]李永军,彭苏萍.华北煤田岩溶陷落柱分类及其特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):53-56.Li Yongjun,Peng Suping.Classifications and characteristics ofKarst collapse columns in North China coalfields[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2006,34(4):53-56.
[5]褚志忠.陷落柱伴生断层特征及陷落柱预测[J].煤田地质与勘探,1998,26(3):26-28.Chu Zhizhong.The characteristics of the accompanying faultsof collapse column and the prediction of collapse column[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1998,26(3):26-28.
[6]宁建宏,张广忠.陷落柱的地震识别技术及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(3):64-67.Ning Jianhong,Zhang Guangzhong.Seismic identificationtechnique and its application of collapse column[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2005,33(3):64-67.
[7]李艳芳,程建远,熊晓军,聂爱兰,张宪旭.陷落柱三维地震正演模拟及对比分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):456-460.Li Yanfang,Cheng Jianyuan,Xiong Xiaojun,Nie Ailan,Zhang Xianxu.3D seismic forward modeling of collapsecolumn and comparison[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(3):456-460.
[8]吴守华,周国兴,杨素霞,何黄生.陷落柱地震响应特征分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(3):52-54.Wu Shouhua,Zhou Guoxing,Yang Suxia,He huangsheng.Analysis for the seismic response characteristics of collapsecolumn[J].Coal Geology&Exploration.2004,32(2):52-54.
[9]王锡文,秦广胜,刘向东.叠前偏移技术在中原复杂断块区的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1092-1098.Wang Xiwen,Qin Guangsheng,Liu Xiangdong.Theapplication of pre stack migration technique in complex Faultblocks of Zhongyuan oilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1092-1098.
[10]膝佃波,汪鹏程,王贇.利用叠前Kirchhoff积分偏移识别小断裂与低幅度构造[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1035-1038.Teng Dianbo,Wang Pengcheng,Wang Yun.Theidentification of small faults and low amplitude structures byutilizing prestack Kirchhoff integral migration[J].Progressin Geophysics,2005,20(4):1035-1038.
[11]刘立彬,李振春.叠前时间偏移技术在东营凹陷北部陡坡带砂砾岩体成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1571-1577.Liu Libin,Li Zhenchun.The application of prestack timemigration techniques in sandy conglomeratic imaging ofabrupt slope in north of Dongying Sag[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(5):1571-1577.
[12]刘泰峰,安海忠,亢俊健,周瑞.煤田陷落柱氡气场的数值计算及空间形态分布特征[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):171-177.Liu Taifeng,An Haizhong,Kang Junjian,Zhou Jian.Thespace characteristics and the results of numerical computingof the randon field around a collapse column[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(1):171-177.
[13]杨晓东,杨德义.煤田陷落柱特殊波对陷落柱解释的影响[J].物探与化探,2010,34(5):627-631.Yang Xiaodong,Yang Deyi.An analysis of the specialwaveimpact on the interpretation of the coalfield collapse column[J].Geological&Geochemical Exploration,2010,34(5):627-631.
[14]杨德义,彭苏萍,常锁亮,杨双安.特殊剖面在陷落柱研究中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(6):47-49.Yang Deyi,Peng Suping,Chang Shuoliang,Yang Shuangan.The application of special seismic section in the subsidingcolumn searching[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2002,30(6):47-49.
[15]师素珍,方惠明,郝海波.煤矿岩溶陷落柱的地震资料解释[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(6):59-61.Shi Suzhen,Fang Huiming,Hao Haibo.SeismicInterpretation of Subsided Column in Coalmines[J].Coalgeology of china,2009,21(6):59-61.
[16]刘定进,印兴耀.傅里叶有限差分法保幅叠前深度偏移方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):268-276.Liu Dingjin,Yin Xingyao.A method of Fourier finitedifference preserved amplitude prestack depth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):268-276.
[17]程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):389-395.Cheng Jiubing,Wang Huazhong,Ma Zaitian.Pre-stack depthmigration with finite-difference method in frequency-spacedomain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(3):389-395.
[2]刘国林.物探技术在探测岩溶陷落柱中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2003,8:4-6.Liu Guolin.Application of geological prospecting technique onKarst collapse column detection[J].Coal Mine Engineering,2003,8:4-6.
[3]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.华北煤矿区岩溶陷落柱特征及成因探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):120-123.Yin Shangxian,Wu Qiang,Wang Shangxu.Studies oncharacters and forming mechanism of Karstic collapse columnat mine area of north china[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):120-123.
[4]李永军,彭苏萍.华北煤田岩溶陷落柱分类及其特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):53-56.Li Yongjun,Peng Suping.Classifications and characteristics ofKarst collapse columns in North China coalfields[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2006,34(4):53-56.
[5]褚志忠.陷落柱伴生断层特征及陷落柱预测[J].煤田地质与勘探,1998,26(3):26-28.Chu Zhizhong.The characteristics of the accompanying faultsof collapse column and the prediction of collapse column[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1998,26(3):26-28.
[6]宁建宏,张广忠.陷落柱的地震识别技术及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(3):64-67.Ning Jianhong,Zhang Guangzhong.Seismic identificationtechnique and its application of collapse column[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2005,33(3):64-67.
[7]李艳芳,程建远,熊晓军,聂爱兰,张宪旭.陷落柱三维地震正演模拟及对比分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):456-460.Li Yanfang,Cheng Jianyuan,Xiong Xiaojun,Nie Ailan,Zhang Xianxu.3D seismic forward modeling of collapsecolumn and comparison[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(3):456-460.
[8]吴守华,周国兴,杨素霞,何黄生.陷落柱地震响应特征分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(3):52-54.Wu Shouhua,Zhou Guoxing,Yang Suxia,He huangsheng.Analysis for the seismic response characteristics of collapsecolumn[J].Coal Geology&Exploration.2004,32(2):52-54.
[9]王锡文,秦广胜,刘向东.叠前偏移技术在中原复杂断块区的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1092-1098.Wang Xiwen,Qin Guangsheng,Liu Xiangdong.Theapplication of pre stack migration technique in complex Faultblocks of Zhongyuan oilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1092-1098.
[10]膝佃波,汪鹏程,王贇.利用叠前Kirchhoff积分偏移识别小断裂与低幅度构造[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1035-1038.Teng Dianbo,Wang Pengcheng,Wang Yun.Theidentification of small faults and low amplitude structures byutilizing prestack Kirchhoff integral migration[J].Progressin Geophysics,2005,20(4):1035-1038.
[11]刘立彬,李振春.叠前时间偏移技术在东营凹陷北部陡坡带砂砾岩体成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1571-1577.Liu Libin,Li Zhenchun.The application of prestack timemigration techniques in sandy conglomeratic imaging ofabrupt slope in north of Dongying Sag[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(5):1571-1577.
[12]刘泰峰,安海忠,亢俊健,周瑞.煤田陷落柱氡气场的数值计算及空间形态分布特征[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):171-177.Liu Taifeng,An Haizhong,Kang Junjian,Zhou Jian.Thespace characteristics and the results of numerical computingof the randon field around a collapse column[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(1):171-177.
[13]杨晓东,杨德义.煤田陷落柱特殊波对陷落柱解释的影响[J].物探与化探,2010,34(5):627-631.Yang Xiaodong,Yang Deyi.An analysis of the specialwaveimpact on the interpretation of the coalfield collapse column[J].Geological&Geochemical Exploration,2010,34(5):627-631.
[14]杨德义,彭苏萍,常锁亮,杨双安.特殊剖面在陷落柱研究中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(6):47-49.Yang Deyi,Peng Suping,Chang Shuoliang,Yang Shuangan.The application of special seismic section in the subsidingcolumn searching[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2002,30(6):47-49.
[15]师素珍,方惠明,郝海波.煤矿岩溶陷落柱的地震资料解释[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(6):59-61.Shi Suzhen,Fang Huiming,Hao Haibo.SeismicInterpretation of Subsided Column in Coalmines[J].Coalgeology of china,2009,21(6):59-61.
[16]刘定进,印兴耀.傅里叶有限差分法保幅叠前深度偏移方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):268-276.Liu Dingjin,Yin Xingyao.A method of Fourier finitedifference preserved amplitude prestack depth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):268-276.
[17]程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(3):389-395.Cheng Jiubing,Wang Huazhong,Ma Zaitian.Pre-stack depthmigration with finite-difference method in frequency-spacedomain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(3):389-395.
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