南海珠江深水扇系统的层序地层学研究
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摘要
位于古珠江大河及其浅海陆架富砂珠江三角洲下方的陆坡深水区白云凹陷是沉积大型深水扇的有利地域,宏观认识的进展指导了白云深水陆坡区系统的层序地层学研究,并因此发现了多层序叠置的南海珠江深水扇系统,使其成为具有油气勘探潜力的新领域。南海珠江深水扇系统的层序地层学研究包含了以下关键内涵层序地层学解释中在承认各种资料的分辨率、多解性和局限性的同时,强调多学科资料的综合应用、相互印证,强调周期性海平面变化对沉积的控制作用研究,强调地震反射相位等时界面确认的有效性,强调层序界面的反复确认,强调生物地层时代、相对海平面、全球海平面与层序界面的响应研究,强调层序格架内各沉积体的相互响应关系研究等。层序地层格架的建立导致了珠江深水扇系统的发现,揭示了珠江大河流域、陆架区大型珠江三角洲系统与陆坡区珠江深水扇系统的耦合关系,揭示了珠江深水扇与海平面变化的响应关系,揭示了珠江深水扇与古地理的响应关系。珠江深水扇系统的发现有力地推动了南海陆坡深水区的油气勘探。
The Baiyun Sag, located in the deep-water continental slope region and on the down dip side of the paleo-Pearl River and the large sand-rich Pearl River delta in shallow continental shelf, is a favorable area for developing large-scale deep-water fan system. The study of sequence stratigraphy of the deep-water slope area aided by regional geological research led to the discovery of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System with its overlapping multi-sequences, which makes the Baiyun Sag a new prospective area for petroleum exploration. Apart from the resolution of different data, multiple solutions and limitations in the interpretation of sequence stratigraphy, the study of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System emphasizes the following research aspects: (1) the comprehensive application and mutual authentication of data from different disciplines; (2) the control of periodic sea-level change on the depositional systems; (3) validity of the identification of the isochronic horizons from seismic reflection and the identification of sequence boundary; (4) the response of the sequence boundary to biostratigraphy, relative sea-level change and global eustacy; and the response correlation between different sedimentary bodies in a sequence-stratigraphic framework.The buildup of the sequence-stratigraphic framework leads to the discovery of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System. It reveals the coupling relationship among the Pearl River drainage area, the large-scale Pearl River delta on the continental shelf and the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System on the continental slope;as well as the response relationship between the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System and the sea-level changes; and the correlation between deep-water fans and paleogeography. The discovery of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System greatly promotes petroleum exploration in the deep-water slope area of the South China Sea.
The Baiyun Sag, located in the deep-water continental slope region and on the down dip side of the paleo-Pearl River and the large sand-rich Pearl River delta in shallow continental shelf, is a favorable area for developing large-scale deep-water fan system. The study of sequence stratigraphy of the deep-water slope area aided by regional geological research led to the discovery of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System with its overlapping multi-sequences, which makes the Baiyun Sag a new prospective area for petroleum exploration. Apart from the resolution of different data, multiple solutions and limitations in the interpretation of sequence stratigraphy, the study of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System emphasizes the following research aspects: (1) the comprehensive application and mutual authentication of data from different disciplines; (2) the control of periodic sea-level change on the depositional systems; (3) validity of the identification of the isochronic horizons from seismic reflection and the identification of sequence boundary; (4) the response of the sequence boundary to biostratigraphy, relative sea-level change and global eustacy; and the response correlation between different sedimentary bodies in a sequence-stratigraphic framework.The buildup of the sequence-stratigraphic framework leads to the discovery of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System. It reveals the coupling relationship among the Pearl River drainage area, the large-scale Pearl River delta on the continental shelf and the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System on the continental slope;as well as the response relationship between the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System and the sea-level changes; and the correlation between deep-water fans and paleogeography. The discovery of the Pearl River Deep-water Fan System greatly promotes petroleum exploration in the deep-water slope area of the South China Sea.
引文
[1]陈基淑.珠江口盆地古珠江三角洲沉积体系与油气关系.珠江口盆地(东部)石油地质科研报告集(3).1989:279-297.
[2]陈隽,庞雄.层序地层学在珠江口盆地开平—白云地区的应用.珠江口盆地(东部)石油地质科研报告集,第五集.1990:119-143.
[3]方清,周蒂,王平.珠江口盆地定量生物地层学研究.珠江口盆地(东部)石油地质科研报告集(5).1991:144-190.
[4]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期层序地层和海平面升降旋回图.1996.
[1]Chen Changmin,Shi Hesheng,Xu Shice,et al.The condi-tions of hydrocarbon accumulation of Tertiary petroleumsys-temin Pearl River Mouth Basin[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003(in Chinese).
[2]Chen Changmin,Pang Xiong.The deep-water lowstand fan andits exploration potential of the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)[C/CD]∥Paper tothe World PetroleumCongresses Asia Regional Meeting.Shanghai,2001.
[3]Pang Xiong,Yang Shaokun,Zhu Ming,et al.The Deep-wa-ter Fan Systems and petroleumresource in northern slope of South China Sea[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,78(3):626-631.
[4]Shi Hesheng,Li Wenxiang,Zou Xiaoping,et al.Astudy on sedi mentary facies of sandstone oil fieldsin eastern Pearl Riv-er Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,1999,13(3):181-188(in Chinese).
[5]Dai Yiding,Pang Xiong.The characters of petroleumsystem of Zhu II depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Chi-na Offshore Oil and Gas,1999,13(3):169-172(in Chinese).
[6]Xu Shice,Chen Changmin.Application of seismic-,bio-,and sequence-stratigraphy in Pearl River Mouth Basin:a review[M]∥Hao Yichun,Xu Yulin,Xu Shice,et al.Research on micropalaeontology and paleoceanography in the Pearl River Mouth Basin of the South China Sea.Wuhan:China Univer-sity of Geosciences Press,1996:1-9(in Chinese).
[7]Qin Guoquan.The Late Cenozoic biostratigraphic zonation and correlation of the planktonic foraminifera in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[M]∥Hao Yichun,Xu Yulin,Xu Shice,et al.Research on micropalaeontology and paleoceanography in the Pearl Mouth Basin of the South China Sea.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1996:19-31(in Chi-nese).
[8]Gong Zaisheng,Li Sitian,Xie Taijun,et al.Continental margin basin analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation of the Northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997:1-510(in Chinese).
[9]Huang Lüsheng,Zhong Bizhen.Oligocene-Pleistocene calcar-eous nannofossil bioevents in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].PetroleumBulletin,1992,13(2):170-177(in Chinese).
[10]Peng Dajun,Pang Xiong,Chen Changmin,et al.Fromshal-low-water shelf to deep-water slope—the research of Deep-water Fan Systems in South China Sea[J].Acta Sedi mento-logica Sinica,2005,23(1):1-11(in Chinese).
[11]Xing Huanqing,Jiang Zaixing,Wang Yaqing,et al.A dis-cussion on sequence stratigraphic resolution[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(6):11-14(in Chinese).
[12]Li Wenxiang.Mineral identification capability of loginterpre-tation model[J].Well Logging Technology,1994,18(4):254-256(in Chinese).
[13]Li Qingzhong.Recognition of resolution,SNR(signal-noisc ratio),fidelity in seismic exploration[J].Geophysical Infor-mation for Petroleum,1994,6:17-25(in Chinese).
[14]Zhu Xiaomin.Sequence stratigraphy[M].Dongying,Shan-dong:China University of Petroleum Press,2003:1-207(in Chinese).
[15]Miller K G.The role of ODPin understanding the causes and effects of global sea level change[J].JOIDES Journal,2002,28(1):23-28.
[16]Zhong Guangfa.Causes and effects of sea-level change[J].Advances in Earth Science,2003,18(5):706-712(in Chi-nese).
[17]Pisias N G,Delaney M L.Comples:conference on multiple platformexploration of the ocean[C].Vancouver:Johanna Adams,1999:66-70.
[18]Li Xuejie,Chen Fang,Chen Chaoyun,et al.Quantitative re-search on relationship between planktonic foraminifera con-tent and water depthin western South China Sea[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(4):442-447(in Chinese).
[19]Li Xuejie.Quantitative research of planktonic foraminifera content(in the surficial sedi ment)related to water depth in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Marine Geolog&Quaterna-ry Geology,1994,14(3):79-84(in Chinese).
[20]Pang Xiong,Chen Changmin,Shi Hesheng,et al.Response between relative sea-level Change and the Pearl River Deep-water Fan Systemin the South China Sea[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):167-177(in Chinese).
[21]Peng Dajun,Chen Changmin,Pang Xiong,et al.Discovery of Deep-water Fan Systemin South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(5):17-23(in Chinese).
[22]Vai P R,Mitchum R MJr,Todd R G,et al.Seismic stratig-raphy and global changes of sea level[C]∥Payton C E.Seis-mic stratigraphy—applications to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG Memory,1977,26:49-212.
[23]Chai Yucheng,Zhou Zuyi.Scientific ocean drilling:achieve-ments and prospects[J].Advances in Earth Science,2003,18(5):666-672(in Chinese).
[24]Eberli G P.The record of Neogene sea-level changes in the prograding carbonates along the Bahamas Transect-Leg166synthesis[C]∥Swart P K,Eberli G P,Malone MJ,et al.Proceedings of the ocean drilling program,scientific results,166.College Station,Texas,USA:A&M University Press,2000:167-177.
[1]陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[4]施和生,李文湘,邹晓萍,等.珠江口盆地(东部)砂岩油田沉积相研究及其应用[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3):181-188.
[5]代一丁,庞雄.珠江口盆地珠二坳陷石油地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3):169-180.
[6]许仕策,陈长民.对应用地震地层、生物地层和层序地层分析方法之回顾[M]∥郝诒纯,徐钰林,许仕策,等.南海珠江口盆地第三纪古生物及古海洋研究.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996:1-9.
[7]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期浮游有孔虫生物地层分带和对比[M]∥郝诒纯,徐钰林,许仕策,等.南海珠江口盆地第三纪古生物及古海洋研究.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996:19-31.
[8]龚再升,李思田,谢泰俊,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.
[9]黄虑生,钟碧珍.珠江口盆地渐新统—更新统钙质超微化石生物地层事件[J].石油学报,1992,13(2):170-177.
[10]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡——南海深水扇系统的研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):1-11.
[11]邢焕清,姜在兴,王亚青,等.层序地层学的分辨率问题初探[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(6):11-14.
[12]李文湘.测井解释模型的分辨能力[J].测井技术,1994,18(4):254-264.
[13]李庆忠.对地震勘探的分辨率、信噪比与保真度的再认识[J].石油物探信息,1994,6:17-25.
[14]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,2003:1-207.
[16]钟广法.海平面变化的原因及结果[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):706-712.
[18]李学杰,陈芳,陈超云,等.南海西部浮游有孔虫含量与水深关系定量研究[J].古地理学报,2004,6(4):442-447.
[19]李学杰.珠江口盆地表层沉积物浮游有孔虫含量与水深关系定量研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1994,14(3):79-84.
[20]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[21]彭大钧,陈长民,庞雄,等.南海珠江口盆地深水扇系统的发现[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):17-23.
[23]柴育成,周祖翼.科学大洋钻探:成就与展望[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):666-672.
[2]陈隽,庞雄.层序地层学在珠江口盆地开平—白云地区的应用.珠江口盆地(东部)石油地质科研报告集,第五集.1990:119-143.
[3]方清,周蒂,王平.珠江口盆地定量生物地层学研究.珠江口盆地(东部)石油地质科研报告集(5).1991:144-190.
[4]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期层序地层和海平面升降旋回图.1996.
[1]Chen Changmin,Shi Hesheng,Xu Shice,et al.The condi-tions of hydrocarbon accumulation of Tertiary petroleumsys-temin Pearl River Mouth Basin[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003(in Chinese).
[2]Chen Changmin,Pang Xiong.The deep-water lowstand fan andits exploration potential of the Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)[C/CD]∥Paper tothe World PetroleumCongresses Asia Regional Meeting.Shanghai,2001.
[3]Pang Xiong,Yang Shaokun,Zhu Ming,et al.The Deep-wa-ter Fan Systems and petroleumresource in northern slope of South China Sea[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,78(3):626-631.
[4]Shi Hesheng,Li Wenxiang,Zou Xiaoping,et al.Astudy on sedi mentary facies of sandstone oil fieldsin eastern Pearl Riv-er Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,1999,13(3):181-188(in Chinese).
[5]Dai Yiding,Pang Xiong.The characters of petroleumsystem of Zhu II depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Chi-na Offshore Oil and Gas,1999,13(3):169-172(in Chinese).
[6]Xu Shice,Chen Changmin.Application of seismic-,bio-,and sequence-stratigraphy in Pearl River Mouth Basin:a review[M]∥Hao Yichun,Xu Yulin,Xu Shice,et al.Research on micropalaeontology and paleoceanography in the Pearl River Mouth Basin of the South China Sea.Wuhan:China Univer-sity of Geosciences Press,1996:1-9(in Chinese).
[7]Qin Guoquan.The Late Cenozoic biostratigraphic zonation and correlation of the planktonic foraminifera in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[M]∥Hao Yichun,Xu Yulin,Xu Shice,et al.Research on micropalaeontology and paleoceanography in the Pearl Mouth Basin of the South China Sea.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1996:19-31(in Chi-nese).
[8]Gong Zaisheng,Li Sitian,Xie Taijun,et al.Continental margin basin analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation of the Northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997:1-510(in Chinese).
[9]Huang Lüsheng,Zhong Bizhen.Oligocene-Pleistocene calcar-eous nannofossil bioevents in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].PetroleumBulletin,1992,13(2):170-177(in Chinese).
[10]Peng Dajun,Pang Xiong,Chen Changmin,et al.Fromshal-low-water shelf to deep-water slope—the research of Deep-water Fan Systems in South China Sea[J].Acta Sedi mento-logica Sinica,2005,23(1):1-11(in Chinese).
[11]Xing Huanqing,Jiang Zaixing,Wang Yaqing,et al.A dis-cussion on sequence stratigraphic resolution[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(6):11-14(in Chinese).
[12]Li Wenxiang.Mineral identification capability of loginterpre-tation model[J].Well Logging Technology,1994,18(4):254-256(in Chinese).
[13]Li Qingzhong.Recognition of resolution,SNR(signal-noisc ratio),fidelity in seismic exploration[J].Geophysical Infor-mation for Petroleum,1994,6:17-25(in Chinese).
[14]Zhu Xiaomin.Sequence stratigraphy[M].Dongying,Shan-dong:China University of Petroleum Press,2003:1-207(in Chinese).
[15]Miller K G.The role of ODPin understanding the causes and effects of global sea level change[J].JOIDES Journal,2002,28(1):23-28.
[16]Zhong Guangfa.Causes and effects of sea-level change[J].Advances in Earth Science,2003,18(5):706-712(in Chi-nese).
[17]Pisias N G,Delaney M L.Comples:conference on multiple platformexploration of the ocean[C].Vancouver:Johanna Adams,1999:66-70.
[18]Li Xuejie,Chen Fang,Chen Chaoyun,et al.Quantitative re-search on relationship between planktonic foraminifera con-tent and water depthin western South China Sea[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(4):442-447(in Chinese).
[19]Li Xuejie.Quantitative research of planktonic foraminifera content(in the surficial sedi ment)related to water depth in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Marine Geolog&Quaterna-ry Geology,1994,14(3):79-84(in Chinese).
[20]Pang Xiong,Chen Changmin,Shi Hesheng,et al.Response between relative sea-level Change and the Pearl River Deep-water Fan Systemin the South China Sea[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):167-177(in Chinese).
[21]Peng Dajun,Chen Changmin,Pang Xiong,et al.Discovery of Deep-water Fan Systemin South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(5):17-23(in Chinese).
[22]Vai P R,Mitchum R MJr,Todd R G,et al.Seismic stratig-raphy and global changes of sea level[C]∥Payton C E.Seis-mic stratigraphy—applications to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG Memory,1977,26:49-212.
[23]Chai Yucheng,Zhou Zuyi.Scientific ocean drilling:achieve-ments and prospects[J].Advances in Earth Science,2003,18(5):666-672(in Chinese).
[24]Eberli G P.The record of Neogene sea-level changes in the prograding carbonates along the Bahamas Transect-Leg166synthesis[C]∥Swart P K,Eberli G P,Malone MJ,et al.Proceedings of the ocean drilling program,scientific results,166.College Station,Texas,USA:A&M University Press,2000:167-177.
[1]陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[4]施和生,李文湘,邹晓萍,等.珠江口盆地(东部)砂岩油田沉积相研究及其应用[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3):181-188.
[5]代一丁,庞雄.珠江口盆地珠二坳陷石油地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3):169-180.
[6]许仕策,陈长民.对应用地震地层、生物地层和层序地层分析方法之回顾[M]∥郝诒纯,徐钰林,许仕策,等.南海珠江口盆地第三纪古生物及古海洋研究.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996:1-9.
[7]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期浮游有孔虫生物地层分带和对比[M]∥郝诒纯,徐钰林,许仕策,等.南海珠江口盆地第三纪古生物及古海洋研究.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996:19-31.
[8]龚再升,李思田,谢泰俊,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.
[9]黄虑生,钟碧珍.珠江口盆地渐新统—更新统钙质超微化石生物地层事件[J].石油学报,1992,13(2):170-177.
[10]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡——南海深水扇系统的研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):1-11.
[11]邢焕清,姜在兴,王亚青,等.层序地层学的分辨率问题初探[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(6):11-14.
[12]李文湘.测井解释模型的分辨能力[J].测井技术,1994,18(4):254-264.
[13]李庆忠.对地震勘探的分辨率、信噪比与保真度的再认识[J].石油物探信息,1994,6:17-25.
[14]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,2003:1-207.
[16]钟广法.海平面变化的原因及结果[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):706-712.
[18]李学杰,陈芳,陈超云,等.南海西部浮游有孔虫含量与水深关系定量研究[J].古地理学报,2004,6(4):442-447.
[19]李学杰.珠江口盆地表层沉积物浮游有孔虫含量与水深关系定量研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1994,14(3):79-84.
[20]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[21]彭大钧,陈长民,庞雄,等.南海珠江口盆地深水扇系统的发现[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):17-23.
[23]柴育成,周祖翼.科学大洋钻探:成就与展望[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):666-672.
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