南黄海灾害地质及地质环境演变
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摘要
利用浅地层剖面、卫星遥感及钻孔资料,研究了南黄海灾害地质类型及其分布,编制了南黄海灾害地质图。南黄海灾害地质类型很多,包括活断层、地震、海岸侵蚀、海岸淤积、沙波、现代潮流沙脊、古潮流沙脊、水下三角洲、古三角洲、古河道、浅层气、埋藏古河道、埋藏古三角洲和埋藏古湖沼洼地等。它们的分布范围很大,特别是在122.5°E以西的海域和海岸带地区,海洋灾害地质类型分布密集。晚更新世以来黄海地区发生了3次大规模海进,3次海进之间还经历了两次较大规模的海退成陆过程,这些过程决定了南黄海海域复杂的海洋灾害地质类型及分布。南黄海众多的灾害地质问题将会对海底工程建设安全构成很大威胁,应该引起高度重视。
High-resolution seismic data,satellite remote sensing and boring data have been used to examine marine hazardous geologic types and their distribution in the South Yellow Sea.Hazardous geologic map of the South Yellow Sea has been completed.Hazardous geologic types are multiple in the South Yellow Sea,including active fault,earthquake,coastal erosion,coastal accumulation, sand wave,modern tidal sand ridge,palaeo-tidal sand ridge,undersea delta,palaeo-delta,palaeochannel,shallow gas,buried paleochannel,buried palaeo-delta and buried palaeo-lake.The scale of distribution of hazardous geologic types is large.In the sea and coastal area to the west of 122.5°,the types of hazardous geology are much more,and distributed in almost the whole area.Geologic environmental evolution since late Pleistocene decides the formation and regularity of geologic hazards.Three large-scale transgressions happened in the Yellow Sea since late Pleistocene,with two small-scale regressions in between.These processes caused complex marine hazardous geologic types and their distributions.Severe hazardous geologic phenomena will greatly threaten engineering construction and sea bottom stability.We should pay more attention to it.
High-resolution seismic data,satellite remote sensing and boring data have been used to examine marine hazardous geologic types and their distribution in the South Yellow Sea.Hazardous geologic map of the South Yellow Sea has been completed.Hazardous geologic types are multiple in the South Yellow Sea,including active fault,earthquake,coastal erosion,coastal accumulation, sand wave,modern tidal sand ridge,palaeo-tidal sand ridge,undersea delta,palaeo-delta,palaeochannel,shallow gas,buried paleochannel,buried palaeo-delta and buried palaeo-lake.The scale of distribution of hazardous geologic types is large.In the sea and coastal area to the west of 122.5°,the types of hazardous geology are much more,and distributed in almost the whole area.Geologic environmental evolution since late Pleistocene decides the formation and regularity of geologic hazards.Three large-scale transgressions happened in the Yellow Sea since late Pleistocene,with two small-scale regressions in between.These processes caused complex marine hazardous geologic types and their distributions.Severe hazardous geologic phenomena will greatly threaten engineering construction and sea bottom stability.We should pay more attention to it.
引文
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[15]杨子赓.Olduvai亚时以来南黄海沉积层序及古地理变迁[J].地质学报,1993,67(4):357-366.[YANG Zi-geng.Thesedimentary sequence and paleogeographic changes of theSouth Yellow Sea since the Olduval subchron[J].Acta Geo-logica Sinica,1993,67(4):357-366.]
[16]宋召军,张志,黄海军.南黄海西部海域高分辨率声学地层及其沉积环境[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25(1):33-38.[SONG Zhao-jun,ZHANG Zhi-xun,HUANG Hai-jun.Characteristics and depositional setting of the high resolutionshallow seismic profile in the South Yellow Sea[J].MarineGeology and Quaternary Geology,2005,25(1):33-38.]
[17]王颖.黄海陆架辐射沙脊群[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.[WANG Ying.Radiative Sandy Ridge Field onContinental Shelf of the Yellow Sea[M].Beijing:China Envi-ronmental Science Press,2002.]
[18]杨子赓,王圣洁,张光威,等.冰消期海侵进程中南黄海潮流沙脊的演化模式[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21(3):1-10.[YANG Zi-geng,WANG Sheng-jie,ZHANG Guang-wei,et al.Evolution model for South Yellow Sea tidal sandridges during transgressions in deglaciation[J].Marine Geol-ogy and Quaternary Geology,2001,21(3):1-10.]
[19]刘敏厚,吴世迎,王永吉.黄海晚第四纪沉积[M].北京:海洋出版社,1987.[LIU Min-hou,WU Shi-ying,WANG Yong-ji.Late Quaternary Deposition in the Yellow Sea[M].Bei-jing:China Ocean Press,1987.]
[2]秦蕴珊,李凡,唐宝钰,等.南黄海埋藏古河系[J].科学通报,1986,24:1 887-1 890.[QIN Yun-shan,LI Fan,TANG Bao-yu,et al.Buried paleo-channels in the South Yellow Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1986,24:1 887-1 890.]
[3]李凡,张秀荣,唐宝珏.黄海埋藏古河道及灾害地质图集[M].济南:济南出版社,1998.[LI Fan,ZHANG Xiu-rong,TANGBao-yu.Altas of Yellow Sea Buried Paleo-channels and Geo-logical Hazards[M].Jina:Jinan Press,1998.]
[4]李凡,于建军,姜秀珩,等.南黄海埋藏古河系研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1991,22(6):501-508.[LI Fan,YU Jian-jun,JIANGXiu-heng,et al.Study on buried paleo-channel system in theSouth Yellow Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1991,22(6):501-508.]
[5]李西双,刘保华,郑彦鹏,等.黄东海灾害地质类型及声学反射特征[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2002,32(1):107-113.[LI Xi-shuang,LIU Bao-hua,ZHENG Yan-peng,et al.Types and a-coustic reflection characteristics of geological hazards in YellowSea and East China Sea[J].Journal of Ocean University ofQingdao,2002,32(1):107-113.]
[6]吴戈,刘昌森,江在雄,等.黄海及其沿岸历史地震编目与研究[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.[WU Ge,LIU Chang-sen,JIANG Zai-xiong,et al.Catalogue and Study on HistoricalEarthquake in the Yellow Sea and Its Seacoast[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2001.]
[7]田建明,徐徐,谢华章,等.江苏及南黄海地区历史地震类型分布特征[J].地震学报,2004,26(4):432-439.[TIAN Jian-ming,XU Xu,XIE Hua-zhang,et al.Distribution character-istics of historical earthquake classes in Jiangsu Province andSouth Yellow Sea region[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2004,26(4):432-439.]
[8]李恒鹏,杨桂山.长江三角洲与苏北海岸动态类型划分及侵蚀危害度研究[J].自然灾害学报,2001,10(4):20-25.[LIHeng-peng,YANG Gui-shan.Determination of classificationand risk in the coastal zone of Yangtze Delta and North Jiangsu[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2001,10(4):20-25.]
[9]张忍顺,陆丽云,王艳红.江苏海岸侵蚀过程及其趋势[J].地理研究,2002,21(4):469-474.[ZHANG REN-shun,LULi-yun,WANG Yan-hong.The mechanism and trend of coast-al erosion of Jiangsu Province in China[J].Geographical Re-search,2002,21(4):469-474.]
[10]刘振夏,夏东兴.中国近海潮流沉积沙体[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004.[LIU Zhen-xia,XIA Dong-xing.Tidal Sands inthe China Seas[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004.]
[11]虞志英,樊社军,金缪.江苏北部废黄河水下三角洲稳定性和深水港建设[J].地理学报,1998,53(Sup.):159-166.[YU Zhi-ying,FAN She-jun,JIN Mou.The old YellowRiver underwater delta in the North Jiangsu and the seaportbuilding[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,1998,53(Sup.):159-166.]
[12]Chough S K,Kim J W,Lee S H,et al.High-resolution a-coustic characteristics of epicontinental sea deposits,central-eastern Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology,2002,188:317-331.
[13]Shinn Y J,Chough S K,Kim J W,et al.Development ofdepositional systems in the southeastern Yellow Sea duringthe postglacial transgression[J].Marine Geology,2007,239:59-82.
[14]顾兆峰,张志,刘怀山.南黄海西部地区浅层气地震特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(3):65-72.[GU Zhao-feng,ZHANG Zhi-xun,LIU Huai-shan.Seismic features ofshallow gas in the west area of the Yellow Sea[J].MarineGeology and Quaternary Geology,2006,26(3):65-72.]
[15]杨子赓.Olduvai亚时以来南黄海沉积层序及古地理变迁[J].地质学报,1993,67(4):357-366.[YANG Zi-geng.Thesedimentary sequence and paleogeographic changes of theSouth Yellow Sea since the Olduval subchron[J].Acta Geo-logica Sinica,1993,67(4):357-366.]
[16]宋召军,张志,黄海军.南黄海西部海域高分辨率声学地层及其沉积环境[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25(1):33-38.[SONG Zhao-jun,ZHANG Zhi-xun,HUANG Hai-jun.Characteristics and depositional setting of the high resolutionshallow seismic profile in the South Yellow Sea[J].MarineGeology and Quaternary Geology,2005,25(1):33-38.]
[17]王颖.黄海陆架辐射沙脊群[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.[WANG Ying.Radiative Sandy Ridge Field onContinental Shelf of the Yellow Sea[M].Beijing:China Envi-ronmental Science Press,2002.]
[18]杨子赓,王圣洁,张光威,等.冰消期海侵进程中南黄海潮流沙脊的演化模式[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21(3):1-10.[YANG Zi-geng,WANG Sheng-jie,ZHANG Guang-wei,et al.Evolution model for South Yellow Sea tidal sandridges during transgressions in deglaciation[J].Marine Geol-ogy and Quaternary Geology,2001,21(3):1-10.]
[19]刘敏厚,吴世迎,王永吉.黄海晚第四纪沉积[M].北京:海洋出版社,1987.[LIU Min-hou,WU Shi-ying,WANG Yong-ji.Late Quaternary Deposition in the Yellow Sea[M].Bei-jing:China Ocean Press,1987.]
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