南海南部礼乐盆地构造热演化研究
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摘要
礼乐盆地位于南海海域南部,是一个形成于中新生代的叠合盆地,长期以来缺乏构造热演化方面研究。本文在认识礼乐盆地构造演化的基础上,选用盆地内地震测线(L2剖面),应用二维横向不均匀拉张模型对礼乐盆地构造热演化史进行了模拟研究。模拟结果揭示了盆地在新生代的构造热演化特征:(1)盆地经历了两次连续的拉张过程,第一期拉张幅度较小,拉张系数在1.05左右,第二次拉张程度较第一次拉张强烈,深水地区拉张系数达到1.3;(2)礼乐盆地两次拉张使得盆地逐步升温,第二次拉张结束时达到历史最高温时期,之后热流持续下降;(3)盆地不同构造部位热流史具有差异性,其中深水区经历的古热流最高,达75mW/m2,礼乐滩最低,仅为63mW/m2。
The Lile basin,located in the southern South China Sea,is a complicated superposition basin,for which the research on the tectono-thermal history is little. Based on knowledge of tectonic evolution of the Lile basin,the tectono-thermal history was simulated on seismic profile (L2 section),using a 2D non-uniform model. The thermal evolution of the basin since the Cenozoic era has been attempted by tectono-thermal modeling. The result suggests that(1) The Lile basin has experienced a two-phase extension. The first stretching is lightly with a stretch factor value of 1.05. The second stretching is stronger than the first. The stretch factor value reached 1.3 in deep-water area. (2) The two-phase extension made the basin become hotter and hotter,reaching its climax in paleo-temperature history at the end of the second extension. Then the basin is in the heat flow decreasing period. (3) The heat flow history was diversity in different structure units in the Lile basin. The maximum paleo-heat flow occurred in a deep water area,reaching 75 mW/m2. The minimum was in the Reed bank with a value of 63 mW/m2.
The Lile basin,located in the southern South China Sea,is a complicated superposition basin,for which the research on the tectono-thermal history is little. Based on knowledge of tectonic evolution of the Lile basin,the tectono-thermal history was simulated on seismic profile (L2 section),using a 2D non-uniform model. The thermal evolution of the basin since the Cenozoic era has been attempted by tectono-thermal modeling. The result suggests that(1) The Lile basin has experienced a two-phase extension. The first stretching is lightly with a stretch factor value of 1.05. The second stretching is stronger than the first. The stretch factor value reached 1.3 in deep-water area. (2) The two-phase extension made the basin become hotter and hotter,reaching its climax in paleo-temperature history at the end of the second extension. Then the basin is in the heat flow decreasing period. (3) The heat flow history was diversity in different structure units in the Lile basin. The maximum paleo-heat flow occurred in a deep water area,reaching 75 mW/m2. The minimum was in the Reed bank with a value of 63 mW/m2.
引文
高红芳,曾祥辉,刘振湖,白志琳.2005.南海礼乐盆地沉降史模拟及构造演化特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):385-390.
何丽娟.1999.辽河盆地新生代构造热演化模拟.地球物理学报,42(1):75-82.
何丽娟.2000.沉积盆地构造热演化模拟的研究进展.地球科学进展,15(6):661-665.
刘海龄,郭令智,孙岩,周蒂,舒良树,杨树康,张毅祥,张伯友.2002.南沙地块断裂构造系统与岩石圈动力学研究.北京:科学出版社,8-32.
孙龙涛,孙珍,周蒂,刘海龄.2008.南沙海区礼乐盆地沉积地层与构造特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,32(2):151-158.
吴能友,曾维军,宋海斌,周祖翼,杜德莉,万玲.2003.南海区域沉降特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,23(1):55-65.
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姚伯初,万玲,刘振湖.2004.南海海域新生代沉积盆地构造演化的动力学特征及其油气资源.地球科学,29(5):543-549.
张莉,李文成,曾祥辉.2003.礼乐盆地地层发育特征及其与油气的关系.石油实验地质,25(5):469-480.
张莉,李文成,李国英,何朝雄,王立飞,曾祥辉.2004a.礼乐盆地生烃系统特征.天然气工业,24(6):22-24.
张莉,李文成,李国英,何朝雄,王立飞,曾祥辉.2004b.南沙东北部海域礼乐盆地含油气组合静态地质要素分析.中国地质,31(3):320-324.
张莉,沙志彬,王立飞.2007.南沙海域礼乐盆地中生界油气资源潜力.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(4):97-102.
周蒂,吴世敏,陈汉宗.2005.南沙海区及邻区构造演化动力学的若干问题.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):339-345.
Allen P A and Allen J R.1990.Basin analysis:Principles andapplications.London:British Petroleum Company,52-53.
He L J,Wang K L,Xiong L P and Wang J Y.2001.Heat flowand thermal history of the South China Sea.Physics oftheEarth and Planetary Interiors,126:211-220.
Holloway N H.1982.North Palawan block Philippines—Its re-lation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of South Chi-na Sea.AAPG Bulletin,66(9):1355-1383.
Hutchison C S.2004.Marginal basin evolution:The southernSouth China Sea.Marine andPetroleum Geology,21:1129-1148.
Jarvis G Tand Mckenzie D.1980.Sedimentary basin formationwith finite extension rate.Earth and Planetary Science Let-ters,48:42-52.
McKenzie D.1978.Some remarks on the development of sedi-mentary basins.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,40:25-32.
Rowley D B and Sahagian D L.1986.Depth-dependent stretc-hing:A different approach.Geology,14:32-65.
Royden L and Keen C E.1980.Rifting processes and thermalevolution of the continental margin of the eastern Canadadetermined from subsidence curves.Earth and PlanetaryScience Letters,51:343-361.
Schliiter HU,Hinz K and Block M.1996.Tectono-stratigraph-ic terranes and detachment faulting of the South China Seaand Sulu Sea.Marine Geology,130:39-78.
Shi X B,Qiu X L,Xia K Y and Zhou D.2003.Characteristicsof surface heat flowin the South China Sea.Journal ofAsi-an Earth Sciences,22:265-277.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1980.The tectonic evolution of theSouth China Sea Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonicand geologic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands.Geophys Monogr Set,23.AGU,Washington D C.
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Yan P and Liu H L.2004.Tectonic stratigraphic division andblind fold structures in Nansha Waters,South China Sea.Journal ofAsian Earth Sciences,24:337-348.
Zhou D,Ru K and Chen H Z.1995.Kinematics of Cenozoicextension on the South China Sea continental margin and itsimplications for the tectonic evolution of the region.Tec-tonophysics,251:161-177.
何丽娟.1999.辽河盆地新生代构造热演化模拟.地球物理学报,42(1):75-82.
何丽娟.2000.沉积盆地构造热演化模拟的研究进展.地球科学进展,15(6):661-665.
刘海龄,郭令智,孙岩,周蒂,舒良树,杨树康,张毅祥,张伯友.2002.南沙地块断裂构造系统与岩石圈动力学研究.北京:科学出版社,8-32.
孙龙涛,孙珍,周蒂,刘海龄.2008.南沙海区礼乐盆地沉积地层与构造特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,32(2):151-158.
吴能友,曾维军,宋海斌,周祖翼,杜德莉,万玲.2003.南海区域沉降特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,23(1):55-65.
姚伯初,万玲,曾维军,李唐根,吴能友,邹和平,何丽娟,汪集-,杨小强,张锡林,朱本铎.2006.中国南海海域岩石圈三维结构及演化.北京:地质出版社,52.
姚伯初,万玲,刘振湖.2004.南海海域新生代沉积盆地构造演化的动力学特征及其油气资源.地球科学,29(5):543-549.
张莉,李文成,曾祥辉.2003.礼乐盆地地层发育特征及其与油气的关系.石油实验地质,25(5):469-480.
张莉,李文成,李国英,何朝雄,王立飞,曾祥辉.2004a.礼乐盆地生烃系统特征.天然气工业,24(6):22-24.
张莉,李文成,李国英,何朝雄,王立飞,曾祥辉.2004b.南沙东北部海域礼乐盆地含油气组合静态地质要素分析.中国地质,31(3):320-324.
张莉,沙志彬,王立飞.2007.南沙海域礼乐盆地中生界油气资源潜力.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(4):97-102.
周蒂,吴世敏,陈汉宗.2005.南沙海区及邻区构造演化动力学的若干问题.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):339-345.
Allen P A and Allen J R.1990.Basin analysis:Principles andapplications.London:British Petroleum Company,52-53.
He L J,Wang K L,Xiong L P and Wang J Y.2001.Heat flowand thermal history of the South China Sea.Physics oftheEarth and Planetary Interiors,126:211-220.
Holloway N H.1982.North Palawan block Philippines—Its re-lation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of South Chi-na Sea.AAPG Bulletin,66(9):1355-1383.
Hutchison C S.2004.Marginal basin evolution:The southernSouth China Sea.Marine andPetroleum Geology,21:1129-1148.
Jarvis G Tand Mckenzie D.1980.Sedimentary basin formationwith finite extension rate.Earth and Planetary Science Let-ters,48:42-52.
McKenzie D.1978.Some remarks on the development of sedi-mentary basins.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,40:25-32.
Rowley D B and Sahagian D L.1986.Depth-dependent stretc-hing:A different approach.Geology,14:32-65.
Royden L and Keen C E.1980.Rifting processes and thermalevolution of the continental margin of the eastern Canadadetermined from subsidence curves.Earth and PlanetaryScience Letters,51:343-361.
Schliiter HU,Hinz K and Block M.1996.Tectono-stratigraph-ic terranes and detachment faulting of the South China Seaand Sulu Sea.Marine Geology,130:39-78.
Shi X B,Qiu X L,Xia K Y and Zhou D.2003.Characteristicsof surface heat flowin the South China Sea.Journal ofAsi-an Earth Sciences,22:265-277.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1980.The tectonic evolution of theSouth China Sea Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonicand geologic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands.Geophys Monogr Set,23.AGU,Washington D C.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1983.Origin and history of the SouthChina Sea Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonic andgeologic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands,Part2.Geophys Monogr Set,27.AGU,Washington D C.
Yan P and Liu H L.2004.Tectonic stratigraphic division andblind fold structures in Nansha Waters,South China Sea.Journal ofAsian Earth Sciences,24:337-348.
Zhou D,Ru K and Chen H Z.1995.Kinematics of Cenozoicextension on the South China Sea continental margin and itsimplications for the tectonic evolution of the region.Tec-tonophysics,251:161-177.
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