基于PRT-TFPF的地震勘探数据中高频信号的增强技术
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摘要
传统时频峰值滤波(Time-Frequency Peak Filteringand,TFPF)在处理地震勘探记录中的高频有效信号时,会造成波形畸变和严重的能量损失。为此,本文将平行径向轨线时频峰值滤波(Parallel Radial Trace TFPF,PRT-TFPF)算法用于地震勘探数据的处理中。该方法对非线性程度较高的高频有效信号,通过径向轨线采样,使其频率降低,波形拉伸,在一个窗长内更近似满足TFPF无偏估计的条件,减小滤波带来的偏差,使信号滤波后得到更好地恢复。实验结果表明,主频为60 Hz有效信号的同相轴经该方法滤波后,信号波形不发生畸变,幅值得到保持,同相轴能连续清晰地得到恢复,信噪比较传统TFPF提高6.5 dB左右。
During the high-frequency effective signal processing of seismic exploration records,the traditional Time-Frequency Peak Filtering(TFPF) may lead to wave distortion and large energy loss.In this paper,the Parallel Radial Trace Time-Frequency Peak Filtering(PRT-TFPF) arithmetic was adopted to process the seismic data.The proposed arithmetic has better performance to process the high-frequency effective signals with highly nonlinear degree by comparing with the TFPF method.The PRT-TFPF not only can decrease the signal frequency,stretch the wave form,but also can meet the unbiased estimation requirement in one data window lengthof TFPF,can reduce the energy loses of filtering process,which can take advantage of recovery of the signals.The results of the experiments on 60 Hz effective signal event show that the PRT-TFPF can remain the signal waveform without distortion,keep the amplitude,and recover the event continuously and clearly.By comparing the traditional TFPF,the Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) of the proposed PRT-TFPF is improved by about 6.5 dB.
During the high-frequency effective signal processing of seismic exploration records,the traditional Time-Frequency Peak Filtering(TFPF) may lead to wave distortion and large energy loss.In this paper,the Parallel Radial Trace Time-Frequency Peak Filtering(PRT-TFPF) arithmetic was adopted to process the seismic data.The proposed arithmetic has better performance to process the high-frequency effective signals with highly nonlinear degree by comparing with the TFPF method.The PRT-TFPF not only can decrease the signal frequency,stretch the wave form,but also can meet the unbiased estimation requirement in one data window lengthof TFPF,can reduce the energy loses of filtering process,which can take advantage of recovery of the signals.The results of the experiments on 60 Hz effective signal event show that the PRT-TFPF can remain the signal waveform without distortion,keep the amplitude,and recover the event continuously and clearly.By comparing the traditional TFPF,the Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) of the proposed PRT-TFPF is improved by about 6.5 dB.
引文
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[2]闫兴,杜启振,朱卫星.改进的第2代小波变换在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):455-458.Yan Xing,Du Qi-zhen,Zhu Wei-xing.Improved sec-ond-generation wavelet and its application in denoisingof seismic data[J].Pro g ress in Exploration Geophys-ics,2007,30(6):455-458.
[3]Wang run-qiu,Li Qing,Zhang Ming.Application ofmulti-scaled morphology in denoising seismic data[J].Applied Geophyiscs,2008,5(3):197-203.
[4]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,等.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896-901.Lu W K,Ding W L,Zhang S W,et al.A high-resolu-tion processing technique for 3-D seismic dat a based onsignal sub-space decomposition[J].C hinese J.Geo-phys,2005,48(4):896-901.
[5]康冶,于承业,贾卧,等.f-x域去噪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):136-138.Kang Ye,Yu Cheng-ye,Jia Wo,et al.A study onnoise-suppression method in f-x domain[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2003,38(2):136-138.
[6]吴亚东,符溪,文鹏飞,等.奇异值分解压制随机噪声的方法及应用[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(2):144-145.Wu Ya-dong,Fu Xi,Wen Peng-fei,et al.SVD methodand its application in attenuating random noise[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,24(2):144-145.
[7]Boualem Boashash,,Mostefa Mesbah.Signal enhance-ment by time-frequency peak filtering[J].IEEE Trans-actions on Signal Processing,2004,52(4):929-937.
[8]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724-728.Jin Lei,Li Yue,Yang Bao-jun.Reduction of randomnoise for seismic data by time-frequency peak filtering[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(3):724-728.
[9]Lin Hong-bo,Li Yue,Yang Bao-jun.Varying-window-length time-frequency peak filtering and it's applicationto seismic data[C]//International Conference on Com-putational Intelligence and Security.Suzhou,China:IEEE,2008,2:429-432.
[10]Wu Ning,Li Yue,Yang Bao-jun.Noise attenuation for2-D seismic data by radial-trace time-frequency peakfiltering[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote SensingLetters,2011,8(5):874-878.
[11]Roessgn M,Boashash B.Time-frequency peak filteringapplied to FSK signals[C]//Time-Frequency andTime-Scale Analysis,1994,Proceedings of the IEEE-SP International Symposium on,1994:516-519.
[12]刘志鹏,陈小宏,李景叶.径向道变换压制相干噪声方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(23):1199-1204.Liu Zhi-peng,Chen Xiao-hong,Li Jing-ye.Study oncoherent noise attenuation using radial trace transformfiltering[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(23):1199-1204.
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