频率信息在碳酸盐岩礁滩储层含油气性预测中的应用
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摘要
根据礁滩相储层的特点及礁滩反射波的特征解释出礁滩的基本分布,利用不同形式的频率信息预测储层的分布。首先阐述影响地震波频率变化的主要因素,然后,利用频率信息识别礁滩储层含油气的可行性,选取表征频率特性的几个主要参数:单低频、主频、频率衰减梯度、高低频能量比和瞬时频率。LY地区气藏属于碳酸盐岩礁滩相岩性油气藏,具有埋藏深、油气分布不均匀的特点。通过对LY地区油气储层预测及研究表明,利用不同形式频率信息刻画礁滩相油气储层分布与钻井吻合、频率信息可以很好地刻画储层横向的变化,从而证实了充分利用不同形式频率信息识别油气分布的良好前景。
Based on the characteristics of reef flat reservoir and its distribution interpreted by the seismic reflection features,various forms of frequency information are applied to predict the reservoir distribution.The main influencing factors for the change of seismic wave frequency are expounded,and the practicability for identifying the hydrocarbon potential in carbonate reef flat reservoirs by frequency information is analyzed.Several parameters which could display the frequency features are selected,including single low frequency,dominant frequency,frequency attenuation gradient,high-low frequency energy radio and instantaneous frequency.As a kind of carbonate reef flat lithologic reservoir,the gas reservoir in LY area is characterized by deep burial depth and nonuniform oil and gas distribution.The application shows that the result of oil and gas distribution prediction by using different frequency information is consistent with drilling data,and the reservoir lateral variation could be well reflected.
Based on the characteristics of reef flat reservoir and its distribution interpreted by the seismic reflection features,various forms of frequency information are applied to predict the reservoir distribution.The main influencing factors for the change of seismic wave frequency are expounded,and the practicability for identifying the hydrocarbon potential in carbonate reef flat reservoirs by frequency information is analyzed.Several parameters which could display the frequency features are selected,including single low frequency,dominant frequency,frequency attenuation gradient,high-low frequency energy radio and instantaneous frequency.As a kind of carbonate reef flat lithologic reservoir,the gas reservoir in LY area is characterized by deep burial depth and nonuniform oil and gas distribution.The application shows that the result of oil and gas distribution prediction by using different frequency information is consistent with drilling data,and the reservoir lateral variation could be well reflected.
引文
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[2]杨瑞娟,鲍峥编译.基于频率地震各向异性及其在低孔隙度储层中估算裂缝大小的意义[J].岩性油气藏,2006,18(1):62-65.
[3]孙家振,李兰斌.多信息储层预测和油气判别(原理、方法与应用实例)[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997:67-68.
[4]Castagna J P,Sun Shengjie,Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hy-drocarbons[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(2):120-127.
[5]Goloshubin G,Van Schuyver C.Reservior imaging using low fre-quencies of seismic reflections[J].The Leading Edge,2006,25(5):527-531.
[6]李等华,唐跃,殷积峰,等.川东黄龙场构造上二叠统长兴组生物礁特征与潜伏礁预测[J].中国地质,2006,33(2):427-434.
[7]蒋晓光,彭大钧,陈季高,等.滨里海盆地东缘生物礁预测研究[J].成都理工大学学报,2005,32(5):492-497.
[8]马永生,郭旭升,凡睿.川东北普光气田飞仙关组鲕滩储集层预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):60-64.
[9]马永生,牟传龙,谭钦银,等.达县—宣汉地区长兴组—飞仙关组礁滩相特征及其对储层的制约[J].地学前缘,2007,14(1):182-190.
[10]黄中玉,王于静,苏永昌.一种新的地震波衰减分析方法——预测油气异常的有效工具[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(6):768-773.
[11]毕研斌,龙胜祥,郭彤楼,等.应用频率衰减属性预测TNB地区储层含气性[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(1):116-120.
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