GEOSS条件下固体地球灾害的广义遥感监测
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摘要
地质灾害、地震灾害与矿山灾害是中国的主要固体地球灾害,地壳运动变化与岩石受力灾变是固体地球灾害发生的根源。通过分析岩石受力灾变辐射异常实验研究及固体地球灾害遥感监测实践研究的国内外现状,提出了综合多种电磁与非电磁手段,构建全方位、多层次的卫星-航空-地表-地下四位一体、立体协同的广义遥感监测体系。论述了突破经典遥感信息融合的局限,从时间、空间和物理尺度研究和挖掘广义遥感信息中多种物理量之间及岩石灾变前兆之间的内在机理与关联规律的必要性。为提高固体地球灾害前兆识别的可行性与可靠性,分析了在GEOSS条件下构建固体地球灾害广义遥感监测体系的有利契机和若干前沿问题,包括广义遥感信息融合理论、固体地球灾害前兆识别模型等。
Geological hazards,tectonic earthquake and mine hazards are three kinds of chief solid Earth hazards in China,caused by the crust movements and rock disastrous fracturing due to overloading.By analyzing the present situations of experimental researches on electromagnetic radiation from overloaded rock and on remote sensing related with solid Earth hazards,it is suggested to establish a 3D coordinated integrated remote sensing system with all kind of electromagnetic and non-electromagnetic techniques being applied and satelli:e-based,airborne-based,surface-based and underground-based monitoring units being integrated.The limitation of information fusion theory for classic remote sensing should be overcome so as to search for and to mine out at temporal,spatial and physical scales the correlated mechanisms and laws between multiple physical parameters inside the generalized remote sensing information.In order to improve the reliability in identifying the precursors related with solid Earth hazards,the feasibility of establishing a generalized remote sensing system for the monitoring solid Earth hazards in the condition of Global Earth Observation System of System(GEOSS)is analyzed.Meanwhile,some important issues including the information fusion theory for generalized remote sensing and the identification model for the precusors of solid Earth hazards are discussed.
Geological hazards,tectonic earthquake and mine hazards are three kinds of chief solid Earth hazards in China,caused by the crust movements and rock disastrous fracturing due to overloading.By analyzing the present situations of experimental researches on electromagnetic radiation from overloaded rock and on remote sensing related with solid Earth hazards,it is suggested to establish a 3D coordinated integrated remote sensing system with all kind of electromagnetic and non-electromagnetic techniques being applied and satelli:e-based,airborne-based,surface-based and underground-based monitoring units being integrated.The limitation of information fusion theory for classic remote sensing should be overcome so as to search for and to mine out at temporal,spatial and physical scales the correlated mechanisms and laws between multiple physical parameters inside the generalized remote sensing information.In order to improve the reliability in identifying the precursors related with solid Earth hazards,the feasibility of establishing a generalized remote sensing system for the monitoring solid Earth hazards in the condition of Global Earth Observation System of System(GEOSS)is analyzed.Meanwhile,some important issues including the information fusion theory for generalized remote sensing and the identification model for the precusors of solid Earth hazards are discussed.
引文
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[2]NITSAN U.Electromagnetic emission accompanying fracture of quartz-bearing rock[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1977,4(8):333-336.
[3]YAMADA I,MASUDA K,MIZUTANI H.Electromagnetic and acoustic emission associated with rock fracture[J].Phys Earth Planet Inter,1989,57(3):157-168.
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[12]耿乃光,于萍,邓明德,等.热红外震兆成因的模拟实验研究[J].地震,1998,18(1):83-88.GENG Naiguang,YU Ping,DENG Mingde,et al.The simulated experimental studies on cause of thermal infrared precursor of earthquakes[J].Earthquake,1998,18(1):83-88.
[13]邓明德,房宗绯,刘晓红,等.水在岩石红外辐射中的作用研究[J].中地震,1997,13(3):288-296.DENG Mingde,FANG Zongfei,LIU Xiaohong,et al.Research on the action of water in the infrared radiation of the rocks[J].Earthquake Research in China,1997,13(3):288-296.
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[15]WU L X,WANG J Z.Infrared radiation features of coal and rocks under loading[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,1998,35(7):969-976.
[16]WU L X,CUI C Y,GENG N G,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics(RSRM)and associated experimental studies[J].Int J Rock Mech Mining Sci,2000,37(6):879-888.
[17]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.Changes in infrared radiation with rock deformation[J].Int J Rock Mech&Min Sci,2002,39(6):825-831.
[18]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.From qualitative to quantitative information:the development of remote sensing rock mechanics(RSRM)[J].Int J Rock Mech Mining Sci,2004,41(3):415-416.
[19]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.Precursors for rock fracturing and failure-Part II:IRR T-curve abnormalities[J].Int J Rock Mech Mining Sci,2006,43(3):483-493.
[20]WU L X,LIU S J,WU Y H,et al.Precursors for rock fracturing and failure-Part I:IRR image abnormalities[J].Int J Rock Mech&Mining Sci,2006,43(3):473-482.
[21]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华,等.遥感-岩石力学(I)——非连续组合断层破裂的热红外辐射规律及其构造地震前兆意义[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):24-30.WU Lixin,LIU Shanjun,WU Yuhua,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics(I):Laws of thermal infrared radiation from fracturing of discontinous jointed faults and its meanings for tectonic earthquake omens[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):24-30.
[23]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华,等.遥感-岩石力学(II)——断层双剪粘滑的热红外辐射规律及其构造地震前兆意义[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(2):192-198.WU Lixin,LIU Shanjun,WU Yuhua,et al.Remote sens-ing rock mechanics(II):Laws of thermal infrared radia-tion from viscosity-sliding of bi-sheared faults and its meanings for tectonic earthquake omens[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(2):192-198.
[24]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华,等.遥感-岩石力学(III)——交汇断层粘滑的热红外辐射与声发射规律及其构造地震前兆意义[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(3):401-407.WU Lixin,LIU Shanjun,WU Yuhua,et al.Remote sensing rock mechanics(III):Laws of thermal infrared radiation and acoustics emission from friction sliding intersected faults and its meanings for tectonic earthquake omens[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(3):401-407.
[25]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华,等.遥感-岩石力学(IV)——岩石压剪破裂的热红外辐射规律及其地震前兆意义[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):539-544.WU Lixin,LIU Shanjun,WU Yuhua,et al.Remote sens-ing rock mechanics(IV):Laws of thermal infrared radia-tion from comprehensively-sheared fracturing of rock and its meanings for tectonic earthquake omens[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(4):539-544.
[26]吴立新,刘善军,吴育华.遥感-岩石力学引论:岩石受力灾变的红外遥感[M].北京:科学出版社,2006WU Lixin,LIU Shanjun,WU Yuhua.Introduction to remote sensing rock mechanics:Infrared remote sensing for rock catastrophe due to overloaded[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[27]刘培洵,刘力强,陈顺云,等.地表岩石变形引起热红外辐射的实验研究[J].地震地质,2004,26(30):502-511.LIU Peixun,LIU Liqiang,CHEN Shunyun,et al.An experiment on the infrared radiation of surfacial rocks during deformation[J].Seismology and Geology,2004,26(30):502-511.
[28]刘力强,陈强,刘培洵,等.岩石变形实验热红外观测系统[J].地震地质,2004,26(30):492-501.LIU Liqiang,CHEN Guoqiang,LIU Peixun,et al.Infrared measurement system for rock deformation experiment[J].Seismology and Geology,2004,26(30):492-501.
[29]FREUND F.Rocks that crackle and sparkle and glow-strange pre-earthquake phenomena[J].J Sci Exp,2003,17:37-71.
[30]王思敬.中岩石力学与工程的世纪成就与历史使命[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(6):867-871.WANG Sijing.Centure achievements and new historical mission of rock mechanics and engineering in China[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(6):867-871.
[31]陈禺页,陈运泰,张民,等.“十一五”期间中重大地震灾害预测预警和防治对策[J].灾害学,2005,20(1):1-14.CHEN Yong,CHEN Yuntai,ZHANG Guo-min,et al.Forecast and early-warning and preparedness measures for great earthquake disasters in China during the period of the11th Five-year Plan[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2005,20(1):1-14.
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