西非海域北加蓬次盆深水浊积砂地震识别及油气勘探意义
|
摘要
西非海域北加蓬次盆深水浊积砂岩是重要的油气储集体,主要为浊积水道、滑塌浊积及浊积朵叶体等。该类储层分布局限,横向变化快,预测描述较困难。首先从沉积地质特征入手,在总结分析沉积模式的基础上,开展地震正演研究,建立了浊积水道砂体和滑塌浊积体的地震反射识别模式,即,前者地震反射为顶微凸底凹的槽状外形,与围岩边界清楚,内部呈较连续层状或弱反射结构;后者地震反射为楔状外形,顶部同相轴连续性好,振幅较强,内部为近平行较弱反射结构。在此基础上,开展地震多属性分析,优化敏感参数,利用振幅、相位及地层体等多种属性较好地预测、刻画了砂体的展布。由此,进一步结合油气成藏特征,评价分析不同浊积砂体的油气资源潜力,从而明确了浊积目标的油气富集及勘探意义。
The deepwater turbidite sandstone in northern Gabon Basin of West Africa has become a very important oil and gas storage medium, which consists of turbidite channel, slump turbidite sandstone, turbidite lobe and some other elements. However, this kind of turbidite sandstone reservoir is distributed limitedly, and is difficult to be predicted. The author analyzed and summarized the sedimentary model based on the feature of the sedimentary geology, did some research on the seismic forward modeling, and set up the seismic reflection recognition model of the turbidite channel and the slump turbidite. The former seismic reflection has a protruding top and a concave bottom, which form a trough-shaped appearance, with a clear border and a weak internal reflective structure. The latter has a wedge-shape appearance, a better seismic reflection continuity of axis between top and bottom, strong amplitude, and a weak internal reflective structure. In addition, the author analyzed the multiple seismic attributes, optimized the sensitive parameters, and used the amplitude, phase and the attributes of strata body to predict the distribution of the sandstone. Furthermore, by gathering the accumulation characteristics of oil and gas and analyzing the potential of the oil and gas resources in different turbidite sand body, the author cleared the significance of the turbidite sands in oil and gas exploration.
The deepwater turbidite sandstone in northern Gabon Basin of West Africa has become a very important oil and gas storage medium, which consists of turbidite channel, slump turbidite sandstone, turbidite lobe and some other elements. However, this kind of turbidite sandstone reservoir is distributed limitedly, and is difficult to be predicted. The author analyzed and summarized the sedimentary model based on the feature of the sedimentary geology, did some research on the seismic forward modeling, and set up the seismic reflection recognition model of the turbidite channel and the slump turbidite. The former seismic reflection has a protruding top and a concave bottom, which form a trough-shaped appearance, with a clear border and a weak internal reflective structure. The latter has a wedge-shape appearance, a better seismic reflection continuity of axis between top and bottom, strong amplitude, and a weak internal reflective structure. In addition, the author analyzed the multiple seismic attributes, optimized the sensitive parameters, and used the amplitude, phase and the attributes of strata body to predict the distribution of the sandstone. Furthermore, by gathering the accumulation characteristics of oil and gas and analyzing the potential of the oil and gas resources in different turbidite sand body, the author cleared the significance of the turbidite sands in oil and gas exploration.
引文
[1]贾小乐,何登发.全球大油气田分布特征[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(3):1～7.
[2]张树林,杜向东.西非油气富集的关键地质因素及勘探战略部署建议[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(3):70～76.
[3]庞雄,陈长民,等.深水沉积研究前缘问题地质论评[J].地质论评,2007,53(1):36～42.
[4]Nabil Sultan,Pierre Cochonat.Analysis of submarine slu mpin g in th e Gabon contin en tal slope.AAP G Bulletin,2004,88(6):781～799.
[5]姜涛,解习农.细粒浊积体研究现状与展望[J].地球学报,2003,24(3):289～292.
[6]Reading H G,Richards M.Turbidite systems in deep water basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.AAPG Bulletin,1994,78:792～822.
[7]S.肖普拉(美国),K.J.马弗特(加拿大).地震属性在构造和地层学中的应用[M].夏义平,黄忠范,徐礼贵,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2009:1.
[2]张树林,杜向东.西非油气富集的关键地质因素及勘探战略部署建议[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(3):70～76.
[3]庞雄,陈长民,等.深水沉积研究前缘问题地质论评[J].地质论评,2007,53(1):36～42.
[4]Nabil Sultan,Pierre Cochonat.Analysis of submarine slu mpin g in th e Gabon contin en tal slope.AAP G Bulletin,2004,88(6):781～799.
[5]姜涛,解习农.细粒浊积体研究现状与展望[J].地球学报,2003,24(3):289～292.
[6]Reading H G,Richards M.Turbidite systems in deep water basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.AAPG Bulletin,1994,78:792～822.
[7]S.肖普拉(美国),K.J.马弗特(加拿大).地震属性在构造和地层学中的应用[M].夏义平,黄忠范,徐礼贵,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2009:1.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心