珠江三角洲晚第四纪垂直构造运动速率
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摘要
根据珠江三角洲 16 6个第四纪古三角洲沉积物的测年数据 ,在扣除了古海平面变化、沉积层的压实效应和地壳静力均衡沉降等非构造因素的影响后 ,估算出晚第四纪以来三角洲地区的垂直构造运动速率。估算按北东、近东西和北西向 3组断裂所切截的 11个断块构造区分别进行。结果表明 ,位于三角洲南部的斗门断块和中部的广州 -番禺断块的活动速率相对较高 ,这个特征得到了三角洲晚第四纪古地理演变、断层活动年代学和地震活动研究的初步验证
Based on 166 age data of Quaternary deposits in fossil delta, the rate of the vertical motion of the Zhujiang Delta since late Quaternary has been estimated by eliminating the non-tectonic effects, such as the change of ancient sea level, the compaction of sedimentary layer, and the isostatic crustal subsidence. The estimations have been conducted separately for 11 fault block tectonic regions, which are bounded by NE-trending, E-W-trending and NW-trending faults. The results have indicated that the rate of vertical motion of the Doumen fault block in the south and the Guangzhou-Panyu fault block in the middle parts of the Zhujiang Delta is relatively high. This conclusion has been supported by the results of the studies on the changes of ancient geographic environment, the timing of faulting, and the late Quaternary paleo-seismicity in the Zhujiang Delta area. In contrast to the previous studies, the present study emphasizes the changes of vertical motion rate in different fault blocks and in different time. The result of this study indicates that the secondary fault blocks of the Zhujiang Delta were dominated by elevation motion at a rate of 1～2mm/a during the early Holocene (10～4ka), and were dominated by subsidence at a rate of -3～-4mm/a during the late Holocene (～4ka). The elevation rates of Guangzhou-Panyu, Guanghua Plain, Shunde and Doumen fault blocks were greater than 1mm/a, while the subsidence rates in Guangzhou-Panyu, Shenzhen-Hong Kong, Zhongshan and Doumen fault blocks exceeded -2mm/a.
Based on 166 age data of Quaternary deposits in fossil delta, the rate of the vertical motion of the Zhujiang Delta since late Quaternary has been estimated by eliminating the non-tectonic effects, such as the change of ancient sea level, the compaction of sedimentary layer, and the isostatic crustal subsidence. The estimations have been conducted separately for 11 fault block tectonic regions, which are bounded by NE-trending, E-W-trending and NW-trending faults. The results have indicated that the rate of vertical motion of the Doumen fault block in the south and the Guangzhou-Panyu fault block in the middle parts of the Zhujiang Delta is relatively high. This conclusion has been supported by the results of the studies on the changes of ancient geographic environment, the timing of faulting, and the late Quaternary paleo-seismicity in the Zhujiang Delta area. In contrast to the previous studies, the present study emphasizes the changes of vertical motion rate in different fault blocks and in different time. The result of this study indicates that the secondary fault blocks of the Zhujiang Delta were dominated by elevation motion at a rate of 1～2mm/a during the early Holocene (10～4ka), and were dominated by subsidence at a rate of -3～-4mm/a during the late Holocene (～4ka). The elevation rates of Guangzhou-Panyu, Guanghua Plain, Shunde and Doumen fault blocks were greater than 1mm/a, while the subsidence rates in Guangzhou-Panyu, Shenzhen-Hong Kong, Zhongshan and Doumen fault blocks exceeded -2mm/a.
引文
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张凤英,刘尚仁.1995.沉积物压实公式及其在研究海平面高度中的应用.中山大学学报,(34):149～157.
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张虎男.2000.新构造运动与地震:张虎男论文集.北京:海洋出版社.42.
ZhangHunan.2000.NeotectonicMovementandEarthquake-CollectedWorksofZhangHunan.Beijing:MarinePress.42(inChinese).
赵希涛.1984.中国海岸演变研究.福州:福建科技出版社.146～177.
ZhaoXitao.1984.ResearchontheEvolutionofChina’sSeacoast.Fuzhou:ScienceandTechnologyPressofFujianProvince.146～177(inChinese).
ChenGuoneng,ZhangKe,ChenHuafu,etal.1995.AstudyonthelatestactivityoffaultstructuresintheZhujiangdeltaarea.SouthChinaJournalofSeismology,15(3):61～71(inChinese).
陈伟光,张虎男,张福来.1991.珠江三角洲地区新构造运动的年代学研究.地震地质,13(2):213～219.
ChenWeiguang,ZhangHunan,ZhangFulai.1991.ChronologicalstudyonneotectonicmovementintheZhujiangdeltaarea.SeismologyandGeology,13(2):213～219(inChinese).
冯炎基,李平日,谭惠忠.1990.珠江三角洲第四纪沉积年代学研究.热带地理,10(3):249～250.
FengYanji,LiPingri,TanHuizhong.1990.OnchronologyofQuaternarysedimentationofZhujiangdelta.TropicalGeography,10(3):249～250(inChinese).
汉布林WK .1980.地球动力系统.北京:地质出版社.27～30.
HamblinWK .1980.DynamicSystemoftheEarth.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse.27～30(inChinese).
黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.1982.珠江三角洲形成、发育、演变.广州:科技出版社广州分社.58～62.
HuangZhenguo,LiPingri,ZhangZhongying,etal.1982.Formation,DevelopmentandEvolutionoftheZhujiangDelta.Guangzhou:ScienceandTechnologyPressofGuangzhou.58～62(inChinese).
黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.1983.深圳地貌.广州:广东科技出版社.86～87.
HuangZhenguo,LiPingri,ZhangZhongying,etal.1983.GeomorphologyofShenzhen.Guangzhou:ScienceandTechnologyPressofGuangdongProvince.86～87(inChinese).
黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.1986.华南晚更新世以来海平面变化.见:中国海平面变化.北京:海洋出版社.178～194.
HuangZhenguo,LiPingri,ZhangZhongying,etal.1986.ChangesofsealevelinSouthChinasincelatePleistocene.In:ChangesofSeaLevelofChina.Beijing:MarinePublishingHouse.178～194(inChinese).
黄镇国,张伟强,蔡福祥.1995.珠江水下三角洲.地理学报,50(3):206～212.
HuangZhenguo,ZhangWeiqiang,CaiFuxiang.1995.SubmarinedeltaofZhujiangRiver.ActaGeographicaSinica,50(3):206～212(inChinese).
李平日,乔彭年,郑洪汉,等.1991.珠江三角洲一万年来环境演变.北京:海洋出版社.59～67.
LiPingri,QiaoPengnian,ZhenHonghanetal.1991.EnvironmentalChangesoftheZhujiangDeltainthePast10000Years.Beijing:MarinePress.59～67(inChinese).
李平日,郑建生,方国祥.1989.广州地区第四纪地质.广州:华南理工大学出版社.13～16.
LiPingri,ZhengJiansheng,FangGuoxiang.1989.QuaternaryGeologyofGuangzhouArea.Guangzhou:PublishingHouseofSouthChinaUniversityofScienceandEngineering.13～16(inChinese).
刘尚仁.1998.论晚更新世中国海的高海面高度.热带地貌,19(2):1～7.
LiuShangren.1998.OntheelevationofthehighsealevelofChinaSeaduringlatePleistocene.TropicalGeomor phology,19(2):1～17(inChinese).
徐明广,马修道,周青伟.1986.珠江三角洲地区第四纪海平面变化.海洋地质与第四纪地质,6(3):100.
XuMingguang,MaXiudao,ZhouQingwei.1986.SealevelchangesinZhujiangdeltaareaduringQuaternary.Ma rineGeologyandQuaternaryGeology,6(3):100(inChinese).
徐起浩,冯炎基.1997.广东中山晚更新世最早海侵层与水动型海平面变化.地震地质,19(1):91～93.
XuQihao,FengYanji.1997.TheearliesttransgressionlayersandeustaticsealevelchangesduringPleistoceneinZhongshanCity,GuangdongProvince.SeismologyandGeology,19(1):91～93(inChinese).
徐起浩,黄镇国.1995.东南沿海末次盛冰期古海平面标志与地震的关系:-100m以下最低海平面问题的质疑.地震地质,17(2):149～157.
XuQihao,HuangZhenguo.1995.Indicatorsofancientsealevelinthelastpleniglacialeraanditsrelationtoearth quake:queryaboutthelowestsealeveldeeperthan100m.SeismologyandGeology,17(2):149～157(inChi nese).
严维枢.1984.香港地区100个14C数据.华南地震,9(1):37～41.
YanWeishu.1984.10014CdatingdataforHongKongarea.SouthChinaJournalofSeismology,9(1):37～41(inChinese).
张凤英,刘尚仁.1995.沉积物压实公式及其在研究海平面高度中的应用.中山大学学报,(34):149～157.
ZhangFengying,LiuShangren.1995.Formulaforsedimentcompactioncapacityanditsuseinresearchingsealevel.ActaScientlarumNaturaliumUniversitatisSunYatsen,34:149～157(inChinese).
张虎男,陈伟光,黄坤荣,等.1990.华南沿海新构造运动与地质环境.北京:地震出版社.216～222.
ZhangHunan,ChenWeiguang,HuangKunrong,etal.1990.NeotectonicMovementandGeologicEnvironmentofSoutheastChinaCoastalArea.Beijing:SeiemologicalPress.216～222(inChinese).
张虎男.2000.新构造运动与地震:张虎男论文集.北京:海洋出版社.42.
ZhangHunan.2000.NeotectonicMovementandEarthquake-CollectedWorksofZhangHunan.Beijing:MarinePress.42(inChinese).
赵希涛.1984.中国海岸演变研究.福州:福建科技出版社.146～177.
ZhaoXitao.1984.ResearchontheEvolutionofChina’sSeacoast.Fuzhou:ScienceandTechnologyPressofFujianProvince.146～177(inChinese).
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