地震多属性在少井区和无井区沉积体系分析中的应用——以渤中西环BZ3-1区块沙河街组为例
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摘要
钻井和地震资料的丰富程度决定了储层预测研究精度。在多井区,利用地震属性及单井沉积相来确定平面沉积相,研究精度高;而在少井、无井区的海域,如何利用地震资料进行沉积储层研究,至今没有一个成熟的方法。渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷西环BZ3-1区钻井较少,完整钻遇到沙河街组的井则更少,以该区的沙河街组为例,基于地震多属性分析技术,结合古地貌分析,半定量确定研究区的沉积体系分布特征。通过三维可视化技术和切片技术的高精度三维沉积体系分析表明,由于三级层序发育于二级层序的不同体系域,会导致三级层序的体系域沉积体发育特征的不同。沙三段SQsl3层序发育于二级层序的低位体系域(LST),其低位体系域的扇体规模要远远大于高位体系域(HST)的扇体;SQs3m层序发育于二级层序的水进体系域(HST),其低位体系域三角洲朵体规模与高位体系域的三角洲朵体相当;SQs3u层序发育于二级层序的高位体系域,其高位体系域三角洲朵体规模远远大于低位体系域的三角洲朵体。
The multi-attributes technique has been widely adopted to sedimentary facies analysis recently.The accuracy and resolution of the method depend upon the availability of drilling holes in the area.In the area with enough drilling wells,it is of efficiency and precise enough to use the method of multiple attributes and single-well facies analysis to map the plane distribution of sedimentary facies.However,in the areas with few wells or even no well,the method to optimize seismic attributes and define sedimentary facies remain immature up to date.The well drilling degree is quite low in the BZ3-1 block of the western slope of the Bozhong sag,and few wells have penetrated the Shahejie Formation.In this paper,taking the Shahejie Formation as an example,we studied the distribution pattern of sedimentary systems semi-quantitatively on the basis of seismic multi-attribute analysis,in combination with available palaeogeomorphologic data.Through the study of high-accuracy 3d sedimentary system using the three-dimensional visualization and dissection technique,we discovered that the development of 3rd-order system tracts deposits depended upon their development stage in the 2nd-order sequence.The sequence of SQsl3 of the lower member of Es3 developed in the LST of the 2nd-order sequence,and the size of fans are larger than those formed in the HST;the sequence of SQsm3 of the middle member of Es3 developed in the TST of the 2nd-order sequence,so the size of LST fans are equal to HST fans;the sequence of SQsu3 of the upper member of Es3 developed in the HST of the 2nd-order sequence,and the size of HST delta fans are much larger than those in the LST.
The multi-attributes technique has been widely adopted to sedimentary facies analysis recently.The accuracy and resolution of the method depend upon the availability of drilling holes in the area.In the area with enough drilling wells,it is of efficiency and precise enough to use the method of multiple attributes and single-well facies analysis to map the plane distribution of sedimentary facies.However,in the areas with few wells or even no well,the method to optimize seismic attributes and define sedimentary facies remain immature up to date.The well drilling degree is quite low in the BZ3-1 block of the western slope of the Bozhong sag,and few wells have penetrated the Shahejie Formation.In this paper,taking the Shahejie Formation as an example,we studied the distribution pattern of sedimentary systems semi-quantitatively on the basis of seismic multi-attribute analysis,in combination with available palaeogeomorphologic data.Through the study of high-accuracy 3d sedimentary system using the three-dimensional visualization and dissection technique,we discovered that the development of 3rd-order system tracts deposits depended upon their development stage in the 2nd-order sequence.The sequence of SQsl3 of the lower member of Es3 developed in the LST of the 2nd-order sequence,and the size of fans are larger than those formed in the HST;the sequence of SQsm3 of the middle member of Es3 developed in the TST of the 2nd-order sequence,so the size of LST fans are equal to HST fans;the sequence of SQsu3 of the upper member of Es3 developed in the HST of the 2nd-order sequence,and the size of HST delta fans are much larger than those in the LST.
引文
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[4]邓宏文,王红亮,王敦则.古地貌对陆相裂谷盆地层序充填特征的控制———以渤中凹陷西斜坡区下第三系为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):293-296.[DENG Hongwen,WANG Hongliang,WANG Dunze.Control of paleo-morphol-ogy to stratigraphic sequence in Continental rift basin:takelower Tertiary of western slope in Bozhong Depression as anexample[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2001,22(4):293-296.]
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[6]赵国连,赵澄林,叶连俊.渤海湾盆地“四扇一沟”沉积体系及其油气意义[J].地质力学学报,2005,11(3):245-258.[ZHAO Guolian,ZHAO Chenglin,YE Lianjun.Sedimentarysystem of“four fans and one channel”in the Bohai Gulf Basinand its significance for petroleum exploration[J].Journal ofGeomechanics,2005,11(3):245-258.]
[7]周士科,魏泽典,邓宏文,等.渤中凹陷古近系构造层序研究[J].中国海上油气,2006,18(4):236-240.[ZHOU Shike,WEI Zedian,DENG Hongwen,et al.A study on Paleogenetectonic sequences in Bozhong sag[J].China Offshore Oil andGas,2006,18(4):236-240.]
[8]朱伟林,李建平,周心怀,等.渤海新近系浅水三角洲沉积体系与大型油气田勘探[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):575-582.[ZHU Weilin,LI Jianping,ZHOU Xinhuai et al.Neogeneshallow water deltaic system and large hydrocarbon accumula-tions in Bohai bay,China[J].Acta Sedmentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):575-582.]
[9]冯有良,徐秀生.同沉积构造坡折带对岩性油气藏富集带的控制作用———以渤海湾盆地古近系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):22-25.[FENG Youliang,XU Xiusheng.第1期李敏,等:地震多属性在少井区和无井区沉积体系分析中的应用———以渤中西环BZ3-1区块沙河街组为例Syndepositional structural slope-break zone controls on lithol-ogic reservoirs-A case from Paleogene Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(1):22-25.]
[10]徐长贵,于水,林畅松,等.渤海海域古近系湖盆边缘构造样式及其对沉积层序的控制作用[J].古地理学报,2008,10(6):627-635.[XU Changgui,YU Shui,LIN Changson,etal.Structural styles of the Paleogene lacustrine basin marginand their control on sedimentary sequences in Bohai Sea area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2008,10(6):627-635.]
[11]林畅松,潘元林,肖建新,等.中国东部中新生代断陷盆地幕式裂陷过程的动力学响应和模拟模型[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):583-588.[LIN Changsong,PANYuanlin,XIAO Jianxin,et al.Episodic rifting dynamicprocess and quantitative model of Mesozoic-Cenozoic faultedbasins in eastern China[J].Earth Science-Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences,2004,29(5):583-588.]
[12]魏艳,尹成,丁峰,等.地震多属性综合分析的应用研究[J].石油物探,2007,46(1),45-47.[WEI Yan,YIN Cheng,DINGFeng,et al.Synthetic analysis of seismic multi-attribute andits application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(1):42-47.]
[13]李在光,杨占龙,刘俊田,等.多属性综合方法预测含油气性及其效果[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):727-730.[LIZaiguang,YANG Zhanlong,LIU Juntian,et al.Hydrocar-bon detection by interating multiple attributes[J].NaturalGas Geoscience,2006,17(5):727-730.]
[2]Alistair R Brown.Seismic attribute and their classification[J].The Leading Edge,1996,15(10):1090.
[3]张建宁,于建国.地震属性应用中的不确定性分析[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):373-379.[ZHANG Jianning,YU Jianguo.The indetermination analysis on the seismic attribute applica-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(4):373-379.]
[4]邓宏文,王红亮,王敦则.古地貌对陆相裂谷盆地层序充填特征的控制———以渤中凹陷西斜坡区下第三系为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):293-296.[DENG Hongwen,WANG Hongliang,WANG Dunze.Control of paleo-morphol-ogy to stratigraphic sequence in Continental rift basin:takelower Tertiary of western slope in Bozhong Depression as anexample[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2001,22(4):293-296.]
[5]赵国连,赵澄林.渤中凹陷地震-沉积相研究[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(1):41-48.[ZHAO Guolian,ZHAO Cheng-lin.Study on the seismic-sedimentary facies of the BozhongSubsidence[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Tecnology(Science&Technology Edition),2002,29(1):41-48.]
[6]赵国连,赵澄林,叶连俊.渤海湾盆地“四扇一沟”沉积体系及其油气意义[J].地质力学学报,2005,11(3):245-258.[ZHAO Guolian,ZHAO Chenglin,YE Lianjun.Sedimentarysystem of“four fans and one channel”in the Bohai Gulf Basinand its significance for petroleum exploration[J].Journal ofGeomechanics,2005,11(3):245-258.]
[7]周士科,魏泽典,邓宏文,等.渤中凹陷古近系构造层序研究[J].中国海上油气,2006,18(4):236-240.[ZHOU Shike,WEI Zedian,DENG Hongwen,et al.A study on Paleogenetectonic sequences in Bozhong sag[J].China Offshore Oil andGas,2006,18(4):236-240.]
[8]朱伟林,李建平,周心怀,等.渤海新近系浅水三角洲沉积体系与大型油气田勘探[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):575-582.[ZHU Weilin,LI Jianping,ZHOU Xinhuai et al.Neogeneshallow water deltaic system and large hydrocarbon accumula-tions in Bohai bay,China[J].Acta Sedmentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):575-582.]
[9]冯有良,徐秀生.同沉积构造坡折带对岩性油气藏富集带的控制作用———以渤海湾盆地古近系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):22-25.[FENG Youliang,XU Xiusheng.第1期李敏,等:地震多属性在少井区和无井区沉积体系分析中的应用———以渤中西环BZ3-1区块沙河街组为例Syndepositional structural slope-break zone controls on lithol-ogic reservoirs-A case from Paleogene Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(1):22-25.]
[10]徐长贵,于水,林畅松,等.渤海海域古近系湖盆边缘构造样式及其对沉积层序的控制作用[J].古地理学报,2008,10(6):627-635.[XU Changgui,YU Shui,LIN Changson,etal.Structural styles of the Paleogene lacustrine basin marginand their control on sedimentary sequences in Bohai Sea area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2008,10(6):627-635.]
[11]林畅松,潘元林,肖建新,等.中国东部中新生代断陷盆地幕式裂陷过程的动力学响应和模拟模型[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):583-588.[LIN Changsong,PANYuanlin,XIAO Jianxin,et al.Episodic rifting dynamicprocess and quantitative model of Mesozoic-Cenozoic faultedbasins in eastern China[J].Earth Science-Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences,2004,29(5):583-588.]
[12]魏艳,尹成,丁峰,等.地震多属性综合分析的应用研究[J].石油物探,2007,46(1),45-47.[WEI Yan,YIN Cheng,DINGFeng,et al.Synthetic analysis of seismic multi-attribute andits application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(1):42-47.]
[13]李在光,杨占龙,刘俊田,等.多属性综合方法预测含油气性及其效果[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):727-730.[LIZaiguang,YANG Zhanlong,LIU Juntian,et al.Hydrocar-bon detection by interating multiple attributes[J].NaturalGas Geoscience,2006,17(5):727-730.]
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