准噶尔盆地腹部超压层分布研究
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摘要
准噶尔盆地腹部普遍发育深层(大于4 000 m)超压系统,很多钻井都钻遇超压。通过对超压段钻井、地质、测井、地震特征的系统研究发现,超压段泥浆密度大幅增加,具有高声波时差、低电阻率以及地震低速的超压响应特征。利用Dix公式计算地震层速度和利用Fillippone公式计算地层压力,得到超压数据体。准噶尔盆地腹部超压在白垩系及其以下沉积地层中均有分布,超压层的深度范围不同。盆1井西凹陷较浅,其次是东道海子北凹陷和昌吉凹陷东部,昌吉凹陷中部和西部最深。超压层大多顺层分布,只是在凹陷边缘以及昌吉凹陷西南有穿层现象。超压顶面分布的层位由北往南、从东到西逐渐变浅,从三叠系顶部到白垩系底部。深部超压对油气分布和富集有着重要的控制作用,准噶尔盆地腹部超压层分布的研究将对本区油气勘探起到积极的推动作用。
Deep zone overpressure system is commonly developed in the hinterland of Junggar basin (deeper than 4, 000 meters) and so many drillings met the overpressure zone. The analysis of drilling, geology, logging, and seismic data in the overpressure section shows that the slurry density of overpressure zone has a great increase, and is characterized by the overpressure response of high a-coustic travel time, low resistivity, and low seismic velocity. Based on this model, the seismic interval velocity was calculated by the Dix formula and the strata pressure was computed by the Fillippone formula for the overpressure data volume. The overpressure zone in the hinterland of Junggar basin distributes in Cretaceous formation and the sedimentary formations under the Cretaceous formation. The depth of the overpressure stratums differs in different sags, with the west sag of Penl well being shallowest, the north sag of Dongdaohaizi and the east part of Changji sag being the second shallowest, and the centre and west of Changji sag the deepest. Most of the overpressure stratums are along-bed distributed, except the margin area of the sag and the southwest of Changji sag where layer penetration can be found. The stratums distributed on the top of the overpressure zone become shallow from north to south, from east to west, and from the top of Triassic to the bottom of Cretaceous. The deep overpressure has a significant control effect on hydrocarbon distribution and accumulation. The study of overpressure distribution in the hinterland of Junggar basin will promote the hydrocarbon exploration in this area.
Deep zone overpressure system is commonly developed in the hinterland of Junggar basin (deeper than 4, 000 meters) and so many drillings met the overpressure zone. The analysis of drilling, geology, logging, and seismic data in the overpressure section shows that the slurry density of overpressure zone has a great increase, and is characterized by the overpressure response of high a-coustic travel time, low resistivity, and low seismic velocity. Based on this model, the seismic interval velocity was calculated by the Dix formula and the strata pressure was computed by the Fillippone formula for the overpressure data volume. The overpressure zone in the hinterland of Junggar basin distributes in Cretaceous formation and the sedimentary formations under the Cretaceous formation. The depth of the overpressure stratums differs in different sags, with the west sag of Penl well being shallowest, the north sag of Dongdaohaizi and the east part of Changji sag being the second shallowest, and the centre and west of Changji sag the deepest. Most of the overpressure stratums are along-bed distributed, except the margin area of the sag and the southwest of Changji sag where layer penetration can be found. The stratums distributed on the top of the overpressure zone become shallow from north to south, from east to west, and from the top of Triassic to the bottom of Cretaceous. The deep overpressure has a significant control effect on hydrocarbon distribution and accumulation. The study of overpressure distribution in the hinterland of Junggar basin will promote the hydrocarbon exploration in this area.
引文
①何生．准噶尔盆地腹部及南缘超压成因与油气动态成藏研究．2005
1查明,张卫海,曲江秀．准噶尔盆地异常高压特征、成因及勘探意义[J]．石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):31～35
2曲江秀．查明准噶尔盆地异常压力类型及成因探讨[J]．石油实验地质,2003,25(4):333～336
3 Hunt J M. Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1990, 74(1): 1-12
4 Hunt J M.Whelan J K, England L B,et al. Gas generation: A major cause of deep Gulf Coast overpressure [J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1994,92(1):59-63
5马启富,陈思忠,张启明等．超压盆地与油气分布[M]．北京:地质出版社,2000．1～254
6 Martinsen R S．异常压力研究概论:压力封存箱的研究意义[J]．石油实验地质,2004,26(1):42～51
7周新源．前陆盆地油气分布规律[M]．北京:石油工业出版社,2002．306
8赵靖舟．前陆盆地天然气成藏理论及应用[M]．北京:石油工业出版社,2003．191
9陈忠民．准噶尔盆地侏罗系深部气藏勘探的有利地质条件[J]．新疆石油地质,2001,22(4):291～293
10 Fertl W H．异常地层压力[M]．宋秀珍译．北京:石油工业出版社,1982．228
11刘刚,王越之,李白俊．声波时差法预测地层压力分析[J]．石油钻探技术,1994,22(2):5～8
12付广,苏玉平．利用声波时差研究异常孔隙流体压力释放次数及深度的方法[J]．石油物探,2006,45(1): 21～25
13邵新军,许昀,吕中锋等．地层流体压力预测方法的讨论[J]．石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):100～105
14张传进．初探井地层孔隙压力预测方法[J]．石油钻探技术,2003,30(3):13～14
15张卫华,何生,郭全仕．驾掌寺地区地层压力预测研究[J]．石油物探,2005,41(3):276～279
16周路,王绪龙,何登发等．准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区深层压力预测[J]．中国石油勘探,2005,10(1):46～54
17李黔予．地震波速分析地层压力方法及压力预测分析系统介绍[J]．中国海上油气(地质),1994,8(2): 130～135
18张传进．地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J]．石油钻采工艺,1999,20(2):14～18
19王兴岭,冯斌,李心宁．井约束地震压力预测在滚动勘探开发中的应用[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4): 391～395
20张世晖,刘天佑,宴银华．惩罚函数法井约束地层压力检测[J]．石油物探,2005,43(3):285～288
21 Hermanrud C, Wensaas L,Teige G M G,et al. Shale porosities from well logs on Haltenbanken (Offshore Mid-Norway) show no influence of overpressuring [A]. In: Law B E, Ulmishek G F, Slavin V I eds. Abnormal pressures in hydrocarbon environments [C]. AAPG Memoir 70,1998. 65-85
22李亚林,谢贤鹏,贺振华等．岩石孔隙流体对纵横波速度影响的实验研究及意义[J]．矿物岩石,1998,18(增刊):188～191
23 Dickinson G. Geological aspects of abnormal reservoir pressure in Gulf Coast Louisiana[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1953,37(5) :410~432
24 Fillippone W R. On the prediction of abnormally pressured sedimentary rocks from seismic data[J]. OTC 3662, 1979, 2 667~2 676
25 FillipponeW R. Estimation of formation parameters and the prediction of overpressure from seismic data [J]. Expanded Abstracts of 52nd Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 1982,502-503
26 Leach W G. New exploration enhancements in south Louisiana Tertiary sediments[J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1993,90(l):83~87
27 Leach W G. Fluid migration, hydrocarbon concentration in south Louisiana Tertiary sands[J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1993,90(1) :71-74
28 Leach W G. Maximum hydrocarbon window determination in south Louisiana [J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1993,90(l):81~84
29蔡希源,刘传虎．准噶尔盆地腹部地区油气成藏的主控因素[J]．石油学报,2005,26(5):1～4
30李丕龙．准噶尔盆地石油地质特征与大油气田勘探方向[J]．石油学报,2005,26(6):7～9
1查明,张卫海,曲江秀．准噶尔盆地异常高压特征、成因及勘探意义[J]．石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):31～35
2曲江秀．查明准噶尔盆地异常压力类型及成因探讨[J]．石油实验地质,2003,25(4):333～336
3 Hunt J M. Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1990, 74(1): 1-12
4 Hunt J M.Whelan J K, England L B,et al. Gas generation: A major cause of deep Gulf Coast overpressure [J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1994,92(1):59-63
5马启富,陈思忠,张启明等．超压盆地与油气分布[M]．北京:地质出版社,2000．1～254
6 Martinsen R S．异常压力研究概论:压力封存箱的研究意义[J]．石油实验地质,2004,26(1):42～51
7周新源．前陆盆地油气分布规律[M]．北京:石油工业出版社,2002．306
8赵靖舟．前陆盆地天然气成藏理论及应用[M]．北京:石油工业出版社,2003．191
9陈忠民．准噶尔盆地侏罗系深部气藏勘探的有利地质条件[J]．新疆石油地质,2001,22(4):291～293
10 Fertl W H．异常地层压力[M]．宋秀珍译．北京:石油工业出版社,1982．228
11刘刚,王越之,李白俊．声波时差法预测地层压力分析[J]．石油钻探技术,1994,22(2):5～8
12付广,苏玉平．利用声波时差研究异常孔隙流体压力释放次数及深度的方法[J]．石油物探,2006,45(1): 21～25
13邵新军,许昀,吕中锋等．地层流体压力预测方法的讨论[J]．石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):100～105
14张传进．初探井地层孔隙压力预测方法[J]．石油钻探技术,2003,30(3):13～14
15张卫华,何生,郭全仕．驾掌寺地区地层压力预测研究[J]．石油物探,2005,41(3):276～279
16周路,王绪龙,何登发等．准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区深层压力预测[J]．中国石油勘探,2005,10(1):46～54
17李黔予．地震波速分析地层压力方法及压力预测分析系统介绍[J]．中国海上油气(地质),1994,8(2): 130～135
18张传进．地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J]．石油钻采工艺,1999,20(2):14～18
19王兴岭,冯斌,李心宁．井约束地震压力预测在滚动勘探开发中的应用[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4): 391～395
20张世晖,刘天佑,宴银华．惩罚函数法井约束地层压力检测[J]．石油物探,2005,43(3):285～288
21 Hermanrud C, Wensaas L,Teige G M G,et al. Shale porosities from well logs on Haltenbanken (Offshore Mid-Norway) show no influence of overpressuring [A]. In: Law B E, Ulmishek G F, Slavin V I eds. Abnormal pressures in hydrocarbon environments [C]. AAPG Memoir 70,1998. 65-85
22李亚林,谢贤鹏,贺振华等．岩石孔隙流体对纵横波速度影响的实验研究及意义[J]．矿物岩石,1998,18(增刊):188～191
23 Dickinson G. Geological aspects of abnormal reservoir pressure in Gulf Coast Louisiana[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1953,37(5) :410~432
24 Fillippone W R. On the prediction of abnormally pressured sedimentary rocks from seismic data[J]. OTC 3662, 1979, 2 667~2 676
25 FillipponeW R. Estimation of formation parameters and the prediction of overpressure from seismic data [J]. Expanded Abstracts of 52nd Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 1982,502-503
26 Leach W G. New exploration enhancements in south Louisiana Tertiary sediments[J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1993,90(l):83~87
27 Leach W G. Fluid migration, hydrocarbon concentration in south Louisiana Tertiary sands[J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1993,90(1) :71-74
28 Leach W G. Maximum hydrocarbon window determination in south Louisiana [J]. Oil and Gas Journal, 1993,90(l):81~84
29蔡希源,刘传虎．准噶尔盆地腹部地区油气成藏的主控因素[J]．石油学报,2005,26(5):1～4
30李丕龙．准噶尔盆地石油地质特征与大油气田勘探方向[J]．石油学报,2005,26(6):7～9
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