黄土塬区煤田三维采区地震勘探采集技术在王家岭矿区的应用
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摘要
王家岭矿区属黄土塬地貌,各种干扰波十分发育,地震波吸收、衰减严重,主要煤层埋藏浅、层数多、小构造发育,常规煤田地震采集方法获得的地震资料信噪比和分辨率较低,难以达到采区地震勘探的"三高"要求。针对王家岭矿区实际特点,在精细调查浅表层黄土速度分层结构的基础上,综合采用逐点设计井深、震/检联合组合、低频检波器接收、大偏移距/高覆盖观测系统等关键采集技术,有效提高了地震资料信噪比与分辨率,获得了连续性较好的下组煤层反射波,为精细构造识别与岩性研究奠定了基础。
The Wangjialing mine area has a loess tableland landform,also very developed various seismic disturbing waves,and serious seismic wave absorption and attenuation.Main coal seams have features of shallow buried depth,multiple seams,developed minor structures,thus conventional coalfield seismic acquisition method can only acquire low signal-noise ratio and low resolution,hardly to reach seismic prospecting "3 High"(high signal-noise ratio,resolution and fidelity) requirement.In allusion to Wangjialing area actual characteristics,on the basis of careful survey of near-surface loess velocity layering structure,using integrated key acquisition techniques of well depth roll-along design,source/geophone associated combination,low frequency geophone receiving,large offset/wide coverage field setup,effectively improved seismic data signal-noise ratio and resolution,obtained good continuity reflection of lower coal group,thus laid a foundation for delicate structure identifying and lithologic study.
The Wangjialing mine area has a loess tableland landform,also very developed various seismic disturbing waves,and serious seismic wave absorption and attenuation.Main coal seams have features of shallow buried depth,multiple seams,developed minor structures,thus conventional coalfield seismic acquisition method can only acquire low signal-noise ratio and low resolution,hardly to reach seismic prospecting "3 High"(high signal-noise ratio,resolution and fidelity) requirement.In allusion to Wangjialing area actual characteristics,on the basis of careful survey of near-surface loess velocity layering structure,using integrated key acquisition techniques of well depth roll-along design,source/geophone associated combination,low frequency geophone receiving,large offset/wide coverage field setup,effectively improved seismic data signal-noise ratio and resolution,obtained good continuity reflection of lower coal group,thus laid a foundation for delicate structure identifying and lithologic study.
引文
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[2]郭红启,林明强,陆昌平,等.民和盆地黄土塬区地震采集技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增刊1):1-4
[3]姚宗惠,杜中东,王学刚,等.鄂尔多斯西缘前陆盆地巨厚黄土地区地震采集技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(1):406-412
[4]曹新领,张奋轩.用测井方法确定最佳激发层位[C].陕晋冀煤炭学会地质测量专业学术研讨会论文集,2006,102-103.
[5]丁仲礼,刘东生,刘秀铭,等.250万年来37个旋回[J].科学通报,1989,34(19):1494-1496.
[6]岳应利.黄土物理性质变化规律研究[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(02):99-103.
[7]Ryashchenko T.G.,Akulova V.V.,Solokov V.N.等.中国北方黄土高原地区黄土的微结构模型[J].西北地震学报,1999,21(1):110-111.
[8]赵延江.黄土塬地区地震勘探激发技术探讨[J].石油物探,2006,45(6):646-650.
[9]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油出版社,1990.
[10]潘冬明,李娟娟,胡明顺,等.多煤层的反射地震响应特性研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(5):1769-1774.
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