用GPS资料研究华北地区形变场和构造应力场
|
摘要
利用华北地区地质构造、第四纪以来的活动断层、地形、地壳厚度、地壳及上地幔地震波速度结构等资料,构建了三维有限元框架模型,利用最新GPS观测结果作为边界约束条件,模拟计算了华北地区的形变场及构造应力场。结果表明,模型预测地表速度场和GPS观测结果比较一致。模拟结果中,大型NNE向断层如汾渭地堑断裂系呈右旋运动,NWW向断层如张家口渤海断裂带呈左旋运动,与野外地质考察结果一致。在地表以下10～20km处,模型预测应力场的主压应力方向为NNE、EW向,主张应力大约为主压应力2～8倍。模型中最大剪切应力场在山西、华北平原中部和东部沿海分别出现3条NNE向高梯度带,此梯度带与研究区域的主要地震活动带相对应。
The 3D FEM model of North China was created, which had been incorporated with the data of tectonic, Quaternary active faults, topography, the thickness of crust and crust-uppermantle velocity structure. Having constrained by GPS observations as boundary condition, the deformation and tectonic stress fields were simulated. The calculation result show that the predicted surface velocity field is very consistent with the GPS observations. In these results, large NNE trending faults, such as Fenwei graben fault system, manifest itself of right-lateral slip, and NWW trending fault system, such as Zhangjiakou-Bohai fault system, left-lateral slip, which are in accordance with the results from field geological inspection. For the predicted stress field in the depth of 10-20 km below the earth surface, the direction of the principal compressive stress is NNE-EW, the principal tensile stress is about 3-8 times larger than the principal compressive stress. In the maximal shear stress field, there are three high gradient zones located in Shanxi region, the central North China plain and the coast region of East China, respectively,these zones correspond to main active earthquake zones in the studied region.
The 3D FEM model of North China was created, which had been incorporated with the data of tectonic, Quaternary active faults, topography, the thickness of crust and crust-uppermantle velocity structure. Having constrained by GPS observations as boundary condition, the deformation and tectonic stress fields were simulated. The calculation result show that the predicted surface velocity field is very consistent with the GPS observations. In these results, large NNE trending faults, such as Fenwei graben fault system, manifest itself of right-lateral slip, and NWW trending fault system, such as Zhangjiakou-Bohai fault system, left-lateral slip, which are in accordance with the results from field geological inspection. For the predicted stress field in the depth of 10-20 km below the earth surface, the direction of the principal compressive stress is NNE-EW, the principal tensile stress is about 3-8 times larger than the principal compressive stress. In the maximal shear stress field, there are three high gradient zones located in Shanxi region, the central North China plain and the coast region of East China, respectively,these zones correspond to main active earthquake zones in the studied region.
引文
1 申重阳,等.华北地块内部主要断层运动模型的GPS数据反演分析[J].地壳形变与地震,2001,21(4):33～42.1 ShenChongyang,etal.GPSdatainversionanalysisofthe movementmodelsofmainfaultswithintheNorthChinablock[J].CrustalDeformationandEarthquake,2001,21(4):33-42.(inChinese)
2 郭良迁,谢觉民.张北6.2级地震的断层形变速率异常[J].地壳形变与地震,2001,21(1):79～84.2 GuoLiangqianandXieJuemin.Anomalyofconcernedfault deformationraterelatedZhangbeiearthquakeof6.2[J].CrustalDeformationandEarthquake,2001,21(1):79-84.(inChinese)
3 方盛明,等.华北地区布格重力异常的多尺度分解特征与地震活动性[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(1):34～39.3 FangShengming,etal.Multi scaledecompositionofBouguer gravityanomalyandseismicactivityinNorthChina[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(1):34-39.(inChinese)
4 许才军,等.华北地区活动地块运动时空变化特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):33～40.4 XuCaijun,etal.Thetemporalandspatialvariationcharac teristicsofcrustaldeformationofactivetectonicblocksin NorthChina[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(2):33-40.(inChinese)
5 杨国华,等.华北地壳运动新特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(3):28～33.5 YangGuohua,etal.NewfeaturesofcrustalmotioninNorth China[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(3):28-33.(inChinese)
6 张希,等.华北地区近期地壳水平运动的非震负位错反演[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(3):40～45.6 ZhangXi,etal.Aseismicnegativedislocationinversionof recenthorizontalcrustmovementinNorthChina[J].Journal ofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(3):40-45.(in Chinese)
7 刘善华.华北地区强震前断层形变异常与演化特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(2):15～22.7 LiuShanhua.Faultdeformationanomalyanditsevolutionary characterbeforestrongearthquakesinNorthChina[J].Jour nalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(2):15-22.(in Chinese)
8 陈绍绪,等.张北地震前地壳形变异常及力学分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(4):5～8.8 ChenShaoxu,etal.Anomalyofcrustaldeformationbefore Zhangbeiearthquakeanditsmechanicalanalysis[J].Jour nalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(4):5-8.(in Chinese)
9 张跃刚,胡新康.华北地区地壳水平运动演化特征研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(1):56～62.9 ZhangYuegangandHuXinkang.Studyonevolutionofcrus talhorizontalmotioninNorthChinaarea[J].JournalofGe odesyandGeodynamics,2004,24(1):56-62.(inChi nese)
10 张跃刚,胡新康.华北地区块体及其边界的相对运动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(1):47～50.10 ZhangYuegangandHuXinkang.Relativemotionbetween platesandtheirboundariesinNorthChina[J].Journalof GeodesyandGeodynamics,2005,25(1):47-50.(inChi nese)
11 黄立人,郭良迁.华北北部GPS观测(1995～1996)及其结果解释[J].地震地质,1998,20(4):12～19.11 HuangLirenandGuoLiangqian.GPSobservation(1995-1996)inthenorthernpartofNorthChinaanddatainter pretation[J].SeismologyandGeology,1998,20(4):12-19.(inChinese)
12 江在森,张希,陈兵,等.华北地区近期水平运动与应力应变场特征[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5),657～665.12 JiangZaisen,ZhangXi,ChenBing,etal.Thecharacter isticsofrecentcrustalhorizontalmovementandstrainstress fieldinNorthChina[J].ChineseJGeophys,2000,43(5):657-665.(inChinese)
13 杨国华,韩月萍,张凤兰.使用GPS复测资料确定华北地区不同活动性质单元及活动方式[J].地震学报,2001,23(1):1～10.13 YangGuohua,HanYuepingandZhangFenglan.Determi nationofactiveunitswithdifferentkinematicpropertyand theiractivitypatterninNorthChinabasedonthedatafrom GPSremeasurements[J].ActaSeismologicaSinica,2001,23(1):1-10.(inChinese)
14 杨国华,谢觉民,韩月萍.华北主要构造单元及边界带现今水平形变与运动机制[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):645～653.14 YangGuohua,XieJueminandHanYueping.Currenthori zontaldeformationandkinematicmechanismofmajortec tonicunitsandboundaryzonesinNorthChina[J].Chinese JGeophys,2001,44(5):645-653.(inChinese)
15 邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,46(4):356～37215 DengQidong,ZhangPeizhen,RanYongkang,etal,Basic characteristicsofactivetectonicsofChina[J].Sciencein ChinaSeiresD:Earthscience,2003,46(4):356-372(in Chinese)
16 张成科,张先康,赵金仁,等.渤海湾及其邻区壳幔速度结构研究与综述[J].地震学报,2002,24(4):428～435.16 ZhangChengke,ZhangXiankang,ZhaoJinren,etal.StudyandreviewofCrust MantlevelocitystructureinBo haiBayanditsadjacentareas[J].ActaSeismologicaSini ca,2002,24(4):428-435.(inChinese)
17 陈连旺,陆远忠,张杰,等.华北地区三维构造应力场[J].地震学报,1999,21(2):140～149.17 ChenLianwang,LuYuanzhong,ZhangJie,etal.Threedi mensionaltectonicalstressfieldinNorthChina[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,1999,21(2):140-149.(inChinese)
18 KohlstedtDLandBrianEvans.Strengthofthelitho sphere:Constraintsimposedbylaboratoryexperiments[J].JournalofGeophysicalResearch,1995,100(B9):17587-17602.
19 徐杰,牛娈芳,王春华,等.唐山河间磁县新生地震构造带[J].地震地质,1996,18(3):193～198.19 XuJie,NiuLuanfang,WangChunhua,etal,Tangshan He jian CixianNewly-generatedseismotectonicZone[J].Se imologyandGeology,1996,18(3):193-198.(inChi nese)
20 许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.由大量的地震资料推断的我国大陆构造应力场[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(6):636～647.20 XuZhonghuai,WangSuyun,HuangYurui,etal.Thetec tonicstressfieldofChineseContinentdeducedfromagreat Numberofearthquakes[J].ActaGeophysicaSinica,1989,32(6):636-647.(inChinese)
21 黄福明,马廷著,李群芳,等.华北北部构造应力场[J].中国地震,1995,11(2):121～132.21 HuangFuming,MaTingzhu,LiQunfang,etal,Thetectonic stressfieldintheNorthernPartofNorthChina[J].Earth quakeResearchinChina,1995,11(2):121-132.(in Chinese)
2 郭良迁,谢觉民.张北6.2级地震的断层形变速率异常[J].地壳形变与地震,2001,21(1):79～84.2 GuoLiangqianandXieJuemin.Anomalyofconcernedfault deformationraterelatedZhangbeiearthquakeof6.2[J].CrustalDeformationandEarthquake,2001,21(1):79-84.(inChinese)
3 方盛明,等.华北地区布格重力异常的多尺度分解特征与地震活动性[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(1):34～39.3 FangShengming,etal.Multi scaledecompositionofBouguer gravityanomalyandseismicactivityinNorthChina[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(1):34-39.(inChinese)
4 许才军,等.华北地区活动地块运动时空变化特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):33～40.4 XuCaijun,etal.Thetemporalandspatialvariationcharac teristicsofcrustaldeformationofactivetectonicblocksin NorthChina[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(2):33-40.(inChinese)
5 杨国华,等.华北地壳运动新特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(3):28～33.5 YangGuohua,etal.NewfeaturesofcrustalmotioninNorth China[J].JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(3):28-33.(inChinese)
6 张希,等.华北地区近期地壳水平运动的非震负位错反演[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(3):40～45.6 ZhangXi,etal.Aseismicnegativedislocationinversionof recenthorizontalcrustmovementinNorthChina[J].Journal ofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2002,22(3):40-45.(in Chinese)
7 刘善华.华北地区强震前断层形变异常与演化特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(2):15～22.7 LiuShanhua.Faultdeformationanomalyanditsevolutionary characterbeforestrongearthquakesinNorthChina[J].Jour nalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(2):15-22.(in Chinese)
8 陈绍绪,等.张北地震前地壳形变异常及力学分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(4):5～8.8 ChenShaoxu,etal.Anomalyofcrustaldeformationbefore Zhangbeiearthquakeanditsmechanicalanalysis[J].Jour nalofGeodesyandGeodynamics,2003,23(4):5-8.(in Chinese)
9 张跃刚,胡新康.华北地区地壳水平运动演化特征研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(1):56～62.9 ZhangYuegangandHuXinkang.Studyonevolutionofcrus talhorizontalmotioninNorthChinaarea[J].JournalofGe odesyandGeodynamics,2004,24(1):56-62.(inChi nese)
10 张跃刚,胡新康.华北地区块体及其边界的相对运动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(1):47～50.10 ZhangYuegangandHuXinkang.Relativemotionbetween platesandtheirboundariesinNorthChina[J].Journalof GeodesyandGeodynamics,2005,25(1):47-50.(inChi nese)
11 黄立人,郭良迁.华北北部GPS观测(1995～1996)及其结果解释[J].地震地质,1998,20(4):12～19.11 HuangLirenandGuoLiangqian.GPSobservation(1995-1996)inthenorthernpartofNorthChinaanddatainter pretation[J].SeismologyandGeology,1998,20(4):12-19.(inChinese)
12 江在森,张希,陈兵,等.华北地区近期水平运动与应力应变场特征[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(5),657～665.12 JiangZaisen,ZhangXi,ChenBing,etal.Thecharacter isticsofrecentcrustalhorizontalmovementandstrainstress fieldinNorthChina[J].ChineseJGeophys,2000,43(5):657-665.(inChinese)
13 杨国华,韩月萍,张凤兰.使用GPS复测资料确定华北地区不同活动性质单元及活动方式[J].地震学报,2001,23(1):1～10.13 YangGuohua,HanYuepingandZhangFenglan.Determi nationofactiveunitswithdifferentkinematicpropertyand theiractivitypatterninNorthChinabasedonthedatafrom GPSremeasurements[J].ActaSeismologicaSinica,2001,23(1):1-10.(inChinese)
14 杨国华,谢觉民,韩月萍.华北主要构造单元及边界带现今水平形变与运动机制[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):645～653.14 YangGuohua,XieJueminandHanYueping.Currenthori zontaldeformationandkinematicmechanismofmajortec tonicunitsandboundaryzonesinNorthChina[J].Chinese JGeophys,2001,44(5):645-653.(inChinese)
15 邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造基本特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,46(4):356～37215 DengQidong,ZhangPeizhen,RanYongkang,etal,Basic characteristicsofactivetectonicsofChina[J].Sciencein ChinaSeiresD:Earthscience,2003,46(4):356-372(in Chinese)
16 张成科,张先康,赵金仁,等.渤海湾及其邻区壳幔速度结构研究与综述[J].地震学报,2002,24(4):428～435.16 ZhangChengke,ZhangXiankang,ZhaoJinren,etal.StudyandreviewofCrust MantlevelocitystructureinBo haiBayanditsadjacentareas[J].ActaSeismologicaSini ca,2002,24(4):428-435.(inChinese)
17 陈连旺,陆远忠,张杰,等.华北地区三维构造应力场[J].地震学报,1999,21(2):140～149.17 ChenLianwang,LuYuanzhong,ZhangJie,etal.Threedi mensionaltectonicalstressfieldinNorthChina[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,1999,21(2):140-149.(inChinese)
18 KohlstedtDLandBrianEvans.Strengthofthelitho sphere:Constraintsimposedbylaboratoryexperiments[J].JournalofGeophysicalResearch,1995,100(B9):17587-17602.
19 徐杰,牛娈芳,王春华,等.唐山河间磁县新生地震构造带[J].地震地质,1996,18(3):193～198.19 XuJie,NiuLuanfang,WangChunhua,etal,Tangshan He jian CixianNewly-generatedseismotectonicZone[J].Se imologyandGeology,1996,18(3):193-198.(inChi nese)
20 许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.由大量的地震资料推断的我国大陆构造应力场[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(6):636～647.20 XuZhonghuai,WangSuyun,HuangYurui,etal.Thetec tonicstressfieldofChineseContinentdeducedfromagreat Numberofearthquakes[J].ActaGeophysicaSinica,1989,32(6):636-647.(inChinese)
21 黄福明,马廷著,李群芳,等.华北北部构造应力场[J].中国地震,1995,11(2):121～132.21 HuangFuming,MaTingzhu,LiQunfang,etal,Thetectonic stressfieldintheNorthernPartofNorthChina[J].Earth quakeResearchinChina,1995,11(2):121-132.(in Chinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心