2013年芦山M_S7.0地震的地震地质灾害和发震断裂探讨
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摘要
在对2013年4月20日芦山MS7.0地震灾区大量地震地质灾害实地考察及调查的基础上,总结了滑坡、崩塌、砂土液化、地裂缝、地表变形等地震地质灾害的分布及发育特点,探讨了地震地质灾害与发震断裂之间的关系.极震区和重灾区的崩塌和滑坡特别严重,是地震巨大破坏作用的外在表现形式;砂土液化点较少,分布范围和规模有限;地裂缝和地表变形并非真正意义上的地震地表破裂带.根据极震区和重灾区地震地质灾害的分布和发育特点,认为芦山地震最有可能的发震断裂为龙门山前山断裂的双石—大川断裂,也有可能是龙门山山前隐伏断裂的大邑断裂,还有可能是双石—大川断裂与大邑断裂两者共同触发的结果.
Based on the field survey and investigation on lots of seismo-geological hazards induced by Lushan,Sichuan Province,MS7.0 earthquake on April 20,2013,this paper summarizes the distribution and development characteristics of landslide,collapse,sandy soil liquefaction,ground fissure and ground deformation.Meanwhile,the relationship between seismo-geological hazards and seismogenic faults of the earthquake is discussed.Collapse and landslide is specially serious in meizoseismal region and severely damaged region,which is exteriorly representative of the large destructive earthquake.The spots of sandy soil liquefaction are so few that their range and scale are limited.Ground fissure and ground deformation are not true sense of the earthquake surface rupture zone.According to the distribution and development characteristics of the seismo-geological disaster induced by Lushan earthquake in meizoseismal region and severely damaged region,we think that the Shuangshi--Dachuan fault,i.e.,Longmenshan front-range fault,is the most possible seismogenic fault;and buried Dayi fault of the Longmenshan piedmont fault is also possible.On the other hand,the earthquake was possibly triggered by both of the faults.
Based on the field survey and investigation on lots of seismo-geological hazards induced by Lushan,Sichuan Province,MS7.0 earthquake on April 20,2013,this paper summarizes the distribution and development characteristics of landslide,collapse,sandy soil liquefaction,ground fissure and ground deformation.Meanwhile,the relationship between seismo-geological hazards and seismogenic faults of the earthquake is discussed.Collapse and landslide is specially serious in meizoseismal region and severely damaged region,which is exteriorly representative of the large destructive earthquake.The spots of sandy soil liquefaction are so few that their range and scale are limited.Ground fissure and ground deformation are not true sense of the earthquake surface rupture zone.According to the distribution and development characteristics of the seismo-geological disaster induced by Lushan earthquake in meizoseismal region and severely damaged region,we think that the Shuangshi--Dachuan fault,i.e.,Longmenshan front-range fault,is the most possible seismogenic fault;and buried Dayi fault of the Longmenshan piedmont fault is also possible.On the other hand,the earthquake was possibly triggered by both of the faults.
引文
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杨晓平,陈立春,马文涛,陈慧,周挚,李岩峰,谢英情,施伟华,常祖峰.2008.2007年6月3日宁洱6.4级地震地表变形的构造分析和解释[J].地震学报,30(2):165--175.
杨晓平,蒋溥,宋方敏,梁小华,陈献程,邓忠文.1999.龙门山断裂带南段错断晚更新世以来地层的证据[J].地震地质,21(4):341--345.
张岳桥,李海龙.2010.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析[J].第四纪研究,30(4):699--710.
Densmore A L,Ellis M A,Li Y,Zhou R J,Hancock G S,Richardson N.2007.Active tectonics of the Beichuan and Pengguan faults at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Tectonics,26(4):1--17.
董绍鹏,韩竹军,尹金辉,李峰,安艳芬.2008.龙门山山前大邑断裂活动时代与最新构造变形样式初步研究[J].地震地质,30(4):996--1003.
房立华,王长在,吴建平.2013.余震序列精定位分布及深度剖面图[EB/OL].[2013-06-20].http:∥www.cea.gov.cn/publish/dizhenj/468/553/100342/100354/20130422214113767883526/index.html
韩竹军,任治坤,王虎,王明明.2013.来自地震现场的照片(五):四川芦山“4·20”7.0级地震应急科考小组(韩竹军等)[EB/OL].[2013-06-20].http:∥www.eq-igl.ac.cn/wwwroot/c_000000090002/index_2.htm
胡聿贤主编.1999.地震安全性评价技术教程[M].北京:地震出版社:154--169.
兰晓雯,田家勇,谢周敏,姜文亮,陆鸣,时振梁.2011.发震断层对微、宏观震中偏离的影响分析:以新疆地区为例[J].现代地质,25(1):114--121.
李勇,周荣军,Densmore A L,Ellis M A.2006.青藏高原东缘龙门山晚新生代走滑—逆冲作用的地貌标志[J].第四纪研究,26(1):40--51.
卢寿德.2006.GB17741—2005《工程场地地震安全性评价》宣贯教材[M].北京:中国标准出版社:51--53.
罗福忠,胡伟华,赵纯青,姜慧,尹力亚尔·阿不力孜.2006.巴楚—伽师6.8级地震地质灾害及未来地震地质灾害[J].内陆地震,20(1):33--39.
唐荣昌,韩渭宾主编.1993.四川活动断裂与地震[M].北京:地震出版社:51--53.
唐荣昌,文德华,黄祖智,伍先国,林伟凡,陈国星,吴刚.1991.松潘—龙门山地区主要活动断裂带第四纪活动特征[J].中国地震,7(3):64--71.
徐锡伟,陈桂华,于贵华,程佳,谭锡斌,朱艾斓,闻学泽.2013.芦山地震发震构造及其与汶川地震关系讨论[J].地学前缘,20(3):11--20.
杨晓平,陈立春,马文涛,陈慧,周挚,李岩峰,谢英情,施伟华,常祖峰.2008.2007年6月3日宁洱6.4级地震地表变形的构造分析和解释[J].地震学报,30(2):165--175.
杨晓平,蒋溥,宋方敏,梁小华,陈献程,邓忠文.1999.龙门山断裂带南段错断晚更新世以来地层的证据[J].地震地质,21(4):341--345.
张岳桥,李海龙.2010.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析[J].第四纪研究,30(4):699--710.
Densmore A L,Ellis M A,Li Y,Zhou R J,Hancock G S,Richardson N.2007.Active tectonics of the Beichuan and Pengguan faults at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Tectonics,26(4):1--17.
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