高精度磁测对水下磁性物体的搜索定位
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摘要
利用高精度磁测方法,对沉入水下的磁性物体(如因事故沉入河中的汽车、沉船及失事落入水中的飞机等)进行定位,具有其它物探方法不能比拟的优势。但较之地面磁测而言,水面高精度磁测具有测点及异常定位难度大,外界磁场干扰强等特点。一般需要解决三个方面的问题:①必须解决探头入水其信号线接线柱隔水绝缘的问题;②要解决探头避开测量者乘坐船只的磁场干扰;③解决水面磁异常定位。经过多次实际测量,如在岷江上游河段测定翻入河中的桑塔纳轿车;2008年5.12地震后在紫坪铺水库中探测怀疑落入其中的军用直升飞机;特别是在云阳县城附近丝线梁为长江沉船定位的实践,积累了一定的经验。
The use of high-precision magnetic survey for locating the underwater magnetic objects such as the cars sunk in the river,wrecks,and the aircraft crashed into the water with the advantages which other geophysical methods can not match with.But compared to the method of magnetic prospecting on the surface,the characteristics of the high-precision magnetic prospecting underwater are the difficulty of abnormity to locate the point of measurement and the strong influences outside methodological interference.There are three issues to be resolves in the course of practice:First of all,the problem of insulation between water and the signal terminals of probes;Furthermore,avoiding the magnetic interference from the ship that surveyors take;Lastly,locating for the magnetic abnormity on water surface.Several actual measurement accumulated a lot of experience to solve above problems,for instance,probing the car sunk in the upper waters of the Minjiang River,locate the service helicopter on suspicion of falling into the Zipingpu Reservoir after the Wenchuan earthquake,especially fixing the position of Yangtze River shipwreck in Sixianliang near Yunyang county.
The use of high-precision magnetic survey for locating the underwater magnetic objects such as the cars sunk in the river,wrecks,and the aircraft crashed into the water with the advantages which other geophysical methods can not match with.But compared to the method of magnetic prospecting on the surface,the characteristics of the high-precision magnetic prospecting underwater are the difficulty of abnormity to locate the point of measurement and the strong influences outside methodological interference.There are three issues to be resolves in the course of practice:First of all,the problem of insulation between water and the signal terminals of probes;Furthermore,avoiding the magnetic interference from the ship that surveyors take;Lastly,locating for the magnetic abnormity on water surface.Several actual measurement accumulated a lot of experience to solve above problems,for instance,probing the car sunk in the upper waters of the Minjiang River,locate the service helicopter on suspicion of falling into the Zipingpu Reservoir after the Wenchuan earthquake,especially fixing the position of Yangtze River shipwreck in Sixianliang near Yunyang county.
引文
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[3]中国地球物理学会环境地球物理专业委员会,环境与地球物理[M].北京:地质出版社,1990.
[4]李才明,简明地球物理学教程[M].成都:成都理工大学,2002.
[5]李才明,用高精度磁测为长江沉船定位[D].2006年22届电磁学年会.
[6]管志宁.地磁场与地磁勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.
[7]张玉明,戚伯云.电磁学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[8]马国庆,孟令顺,杜晓娟,等.磁法数据处理中的扩边和优化中值滤波方法的研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2010,32(2):194.
[9]KORN M.Seismic ware in random media[J].journal of Applied Geophysics,1993,29:247.
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[11]王传雷,祁明松,陈超,等.高精度磁测在长江马当要塞沉船探测中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(3):98.
[12]吕邦来,王传雷.磁测在港航工程勘察中的几个实例[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,(6):494.
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