油气储层裂缝预测方法综述
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摘要
随着勘探程度的提高,裂缝型油气藏在新增储量中将会占有更大的比重。准确预测裂缝发育带是评价裂缝型储层的前提,对裂缝型油气藏的认识起着举足轻重的作用,亦是裂缝型油气藏提高勘探效率和开发水平的关键。在文献调研的基础上,研究了国内外关于储层裂缝预测研究的现状,分析论述了常规测井、成像测井法、地震预测方法及其他一些定性预测方法、构造应力分析法、曲率分析法及生产中应用的方法,提出构造应力法及曲率分析法是较为有效的裂缝预测方法;岩心及测井资料虽对裂缝的识别较为准确,但其控制点有限;要对整个油气田裂缝分布进行预测,需要以岩心及测井资料为约束,对地震资料进行刻度,以准确预测全区裂缝分布规律。
As the improvement of exploratory level, fractured reservoirs will contribute more to newly increased reserves. Effective prediction of fractured belt is crucial in evaluation and understanding of fractured reservoirs and improvement of exploration efficiency and exploitation level. Based on literature investigation, this paper studies the present status of reservoir fracture prediction at home and abroad, analyzes and discusses methods of conventional logging, image logging, seismic prediction and other qualitative prediction, tectonic stress analysis, curvature analysis, and other practically applied methods. It is suggested that tectonic stress method and curvature analysis method are more effective in fracture prediction; although core and logging data are more reliable in identifying fractures, their control points are limited. To predict fracture distribution in whole oilfield, core and logging date shall be used as constraints to calibrate seismic data and give a precise prediction for the whole area.
As the improvement of exploratory level, fractured reservoirs will contribute more to newly increased reserves. Effective prediction of fractured belt is crucial in evaluation and understanding of fractured reservoirs and improvement of exploration efficiency and exploitation level. Based on literature investigation, this paper studies the present status of reservoir fracture prediction at home and abroad, analyzes and discusses methods of conventional logging, image logging, seismic prediction and other qualitative prediction, tectonic stress analysis, curvature analysis, and other practically applied methods. It is suggested that tectonic stress method and curvature analysis method are more effective in fracture prediction; although core and logging data are more reliable in identifying fractures, their control points are limited. To predict fracture distribution in whole oilfield, core and logging date shall be used as constraints to calibrate seismic data and give a precise prediction for the whole area.
引文
秦启荣,李佳阳,樊靖宇,等.威远-安岳地区阳新统古风化壳岩溶储层测井解释与分布研究.项目报告,2007:23~26.
[1]何雨丹,魏春光.裂缝型油气藏勘探评价面临的挑战及发展方向.地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):537~543.
[2]周新桂,张林炎,范昆.油气盆地低渗透储层裂缝预测研究现状及进展[J].地质论评,2006,52(6):777~782.
[3]杨凤丽,周祖翼,张善文.利用地震方法预测潜山裂缝性油气储层——以渤海湾南部为例[J].高校地质学报,1999,5(3):322~326.
[4]Bahorich M.3—D seismic discontinuity for faults andstrartigraphic features,The coherence cube[J].TheLeading Edge,1995,14(10):1053~1058.
[5]童亨茂.储层裂缝描述与预测研究进展[J].新疆石油学院学报,2004,16(2):9~13.
[6]唐湘蓉,李晶.构造应力场有限元数值模拟在裂缝预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(2):25~28.
[7]刘莉萍,秦启荣,李乐.川中公山庙构造沙一储层裂缝预测[J].西南石油学院学报,2004,8(4):10~14.
[8]陈忠,等.有限元数值模拟在构造裂缝定量预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2001,8(1):64~67.
[9]王越之,宋金初,贺斌.利用曲率法预测构造裂缝方向[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(4):52~53.
[10]孙尚如.预测储层裂缝的两种曲率方法应用比较[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):71~74.
[11]Satinder chopra,等著.见:赵剑敏,吴龙丽摘译.曲率属性在3D地面地震资料中的应用[J].油气地球物理,2007,5(4):50~59.
[12]Cinco H,Samaniego F,Dominguez N.Transient pressurebehavior for a wel lwith a finite-conductivity verticalfracture[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Jour-nal.1978,18(8):253~264.
[13]LEE.Sheng-tai,Brockenbrough J R.A new approxi-mate analytic solution for finite conductivity vertical frac-tures[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Formation E-valuation,1986,18(2):75~88.
[14]刘慈群.在双重孔隙介质中有限导流垂直裂缝井的非牛顿流体试井分析方法[J].石油学报,1990:11(4),61~67.
[15]段永刚,陈伟,黄诚.有限导流垂直压裂井混合遗传自动试井分析[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(4):41~43.
[16]张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报,2005,21(3):48~51.
[1]何雨丹,魏春光.裂缝型油气藏勘探评价面临的挑战及发展方向.地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):537~543.
[2]周新桂,张林炎,范昆.油气盆地低渗透储层裂缝预测研究现状及进展[J].地质论评,2006,52(6):777~782.
[3]杨凤丽,周祖翼,张善文.利用地震方法预测潜山裂缝性油气储层——以渤海湾南部为例[J].高校地质学报,1999,5(3):322~326.
[4]Bahorich M.3—D seismic discontinuity for faults andstrartigraphic features,The coherence cube[J].TheLeading Edge,1995,14(10):1053~1058.
[5]童亨茂.储层裂缝描述与预测研究进展[J].新疆石油学院学报,2004,16(2):9~13.
[6]唐湘蓉,李晶.构造应力场有限元数值模拟在裂缝预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(2):25~28.
[7]刘莉萍,秦启荣,李乐.川中公山庙构造沙一储层裂缝预测[J].西南石油学院学报,2004,8(4):10~14.
[8]陈忠,等.有限元数值模拟在构造裂缝定量预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2001,8(1):64~67.
[9]王越之,宋金初,贺斌.利用曲率法预测构造裂缝方向[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(4):52~53.
[10]孙尚如.预测储层裂缝的两种曲率方法应用比较[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):71~74.
[11]Satinder chopra,等著.见:赵剑敏,吴龙丽摘译.曲率属性在3D地面地震资料中的应用[J].油气地球物理,2007,5(4):50~59.
[12]Cinco H,Samaniego F,Dominguez N.Transient pressurebehavior for a wel lwith a finite-conductivity verticalfracture[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Jour-nal.1978,18(8):253~264.
[13]LEE.Sheng-tai,Brockenbrough J R.A new approxi-mate analytic solution for finite conductivity vertical frac-tures[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Formation E-valuation,1986,18(2):75~88.
[14]刘慈群.在双重孔隙介质中有限导流垂直裂缝井的非牛顿流体试井分析方法[J].石油学报,1990:11(4),61~67.
[15]段永刚,陈伟,黄诚.有限导流垂直压裂井混合遗传自动试井分析[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(4):41~43.
[16]张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报,2005,21(3):48~51.
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