秦岭北缘断裂带温泉水循环深度与地震活动性的关系研究
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摘要
研究了秦岭北缘断裂带温泉水的氢氧同位素和氦同位素,同时通过温泉水的热储温度和当地地温梯度计算了温泉水的循环深度;统计分析了1900-1997年间的地震频度。从水对断裂及其围岩的弱化的角度讨论了温泉水深循环对地震活动性的影响。结果表明各段地震活动性的差异与温泉水循环深度的差异有关。认为循环深度较深的陕西段孕育强震的可能性较小,而循环深度较浅的青海段和甘肃段是孕育强震的危险区,其中甘肃段可能是强震的最危险区。
The hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopic composition and the helium isotopic composition of the hot spring water in the Northern Margin Fault Zone of Qinling are studied.Making use of heat reservoir temperature,and in connection with the local geothermal gradients,circulation depth of the hot spring waters is calculated.Meanwhile frequency of earthquakes occurring from 1900 to 1997 is counted up and analyzed.Form the point of view of weakening effect of water on fault and its wall rocks,the effect of deep circulation of the hot spring water on seismic activity is discussed.The result indicates that difference of seismic activity among each segment is related to difference of the circulation depth of hot spring water in each segment.It is suggested that a risk of strong earthquake is less possible on the Shanxi segment in which the depth is greater,but are more possible on the Gansu segment and the Qinghai segment in which the depth is smaller,and it is most possible on the Gansu segment.
The hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopic composition and the helium isotopic composition of the hot spring water in the Northern Margin Fault Zone of Qinling are studied.Making use of heat reservoir temperature,and in connection with the local geothermal gradients,circulation depth of the hot spring waters is calculated.Meanwhile frequency of earthquakes occurring from 1900 to 1997 is counted up and analyzed.Form the point of view of weakening effect of water on fault and its wall rocks,the effect of deep circulation of the hot spring water on seismic activity is discussed.The result indicates that difference of seismic activity among each segment is related to difference of the circulation depth of hot spring water in each segment.It is suggested that a risk of strong earthquake is less possible on the Shanxi segment in which the depth is greater,but are more possible on the Gansu segment and the Qinghai segment in which the depth is smaller,and it is most possible on the Gansu segment.
引文
①国家地震局兰州地震研究所科技档案.陕、甘、宁、青地震目录,1987-1997.
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[19]中国地震目录[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[20]中国地震局.中国地震年鉴[M].北京:地震出版社,1949-1998.
[21]Craig H.Isotopic variations in meteoric waters[J].Science,1961,133:1702-1703.
[22]郑淑蕙,侯发高,倪葆龄.我国大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素研究[J].科学通报,1983,28(13):801-806.
[23]Muffler L J P.Tectonic and hydrogeologic control of the na-ture and distribution of geothermal resources[A]∥Proc.Sec-ond U.N.symposium on Development and Use of Geother-mal Resources(San Francisco)[C].Washington,D.D:U.S.Government Printing office,1976:499-507.
[1]钱维宏.地球内部流体运动与全球构造[J].地学前缘,1996,3(3):152-159.
[2]林元武.红河断裂北段温泉水循环深度与地震活动性的关系探讨[J].地震地质,1993,15(3):193-199.
[3]张西娟,曾庆利,马寅生.断裂带中的流体活动及其作用[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(3):274-279.
[4]于品清.水在水库地震中的作用[J].地震研究,1984,7(4):441-452.
[5]Dennis S M,Atkinson B K.The influence of water on thestress supported by experi mentally faulted westerly granite[J].Geophys.J.astr.Soc.,1982,71(2):285-294.
[6]王志才、张培震、张广良,等.西秦岭北缘构造带的新生代构造活动——兼论对青藏高原东北缘形成过程的指示意义[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):119-135.
[7]权新昌.渭河盆地断裂构造研究[J].中国煤田地质,2005,17(3):1-4.
[8]赵西蓉.渭河断陷盆地地热资源赋存特征与热储分析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(2):51-54.
[9]高志发.西北地区大气降水、地表水及地下水同位素组成特征探讨[J].甘肃地质学报,1993,2(2):94-101.
[10]陈骏,王鹤年.地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:116-117.
[11]徐永昌.我国80年代气体地球化学研究[J].沉积学报,1992,10(3):57-69.
[12]石雅镠.秦岭北缘大断裂温泉的地震化学研究[D].国家地震局兰州地震研究所,兰州:1988.
[13]汪集?,熊亮萍,庞忠和.中低温对流型地热系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:1-4.
[14]张守训,李百祥.天水及其南北地区温泉分布的地质-地球物理特征[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(3):252-257.
[15]雷芳,董治平,刘宝勤.甘宁青地区地温场及其与地震的关系[J].甘肃科学学报,1999,11(3):22-27.
[16]刘鸿俊.西安地区地温分布及地热异常分析[J].西安地质学院学报,1985,7(2):59-63.
[17]李清河.天水地震区区域地质、地球物理场和地震活动背景[J].西北地震学报,1991,13(增刊):2-6.
[18]Knapp R B,Knight J E.Differential thermal expansion ofpore fluids;fracture propagation and microearthquake produc-tionin hot pluton enviroments[J].J.G.R.,1977,82(B17):2515-2522.
[19]中国地震目录[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[20]中国地震局.中国地震年鉴[M].北京:地震出版社,1949-1998.
[21]Craig H.Isotopic variations in meteoric waters[J].Science,1961,133:1702-1703.
[22]郑淑蕙,侯发高,倪葆龄.我国大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素研究[J].科学通报,1983,28(13):801-806.
[23]Muffler L J P.Tectonic and hydrogeologic control of the na-ture and distribution of geothermal resources[A]∥Proc.Sec-ond U.N.symposium on Development and Use of Geother-mal Resources(San Francisco)[C].Washington,D.D:U.S.Government Printing office,1976:499-507.
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