广西乐业泥盆系—石炭系沉积碳酸盐岩脉及地震事件沉积的新发现
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摘要
广西右江盆地发育多个孤立碳酸盐岩台地,在各台地边缘广泛发育同沉积断层及沉积碳酸盐岩脉,常常发育地震事件记录。在广西乐业台地边缘上泥盆统融县组鲕粒灰岩、藻粘结灰岩等地层中新识别出多条晚泥盆世沉积灰岩脉:玛瑙纹状灰岩脉、白云岩脉、微晶灰岩脉及藻灰岩脉等,新识别出早石炭世海百合茎灰岩脉(内部结构呈高密度颗粒流状新类型),同时观察到同沉积断层及同生角砾岩、层内断错及原地震裂岩等,为沉积碳酸盐岩脉的成因提供新的证据,同时表明在乐业台地边缘,至少有两次同沉积正断层的活动,一次发生在晚泥盆世,诱发了脉及围岩均为晚泥盆世融县期的沉积碳酸盐岩脉、层内断错及原地震裂岩;一次发生在早石炭世,诱发的脉为早石炭世尧云岭期,围岩为上泥盆统融县组的沉积灰岩脉及伴生角砾岩。展示了在广西右江盆地发生张裂背景下,乐业台地边缘同沉积正断层活动,诱发地震事件,同时伴生张裂隙,即沉积灰岩脉的构造-沉积过程,是广西右江盆地在晚古生代伸展过程的历史记录。
A lot of isolated carbonate platforms occurred in the Late Palaeozoic Youjiang basin,GuangxiGuizhou.Carbonate neptunian dike and synsedimentary normal faults occurred commonly on their margins.Paleoearthquakes are recorded by synsedimentary normal faults.On the margin of the leye platform,Guangxi,Late Devonian carbonate neptunian dike are discovered in the ooid grainstones and algal bindstones of the Upper Devonian Rongxian Fm.Those dikes are:agate laminated limestone dike,dolomite dike,microcrystal limestone dike,and algal bindstone dike etc.Early Carboniferous crinoidal grainstone dikes are also discovered there.Synsedimentary normal faults and their breccia and in situ earthquake shatter breccia are developed there,too.Thus provide new evidences for how the carbonate neptunian dike formed.In the Leye platform margin,there are at least two times normal fault moving:once occurred in Late Devonian and resulted in Late Devonian carbonate neptunian dikes in Late Devonian surrounding rocks;another occurred in Early Carboniferous and resulted in Carboniferous carbonate neptunian dikes and fault breccia in Late Devonian surrounding rocks.All the observations suggest that the synsedimentary normal faults on the Leye platform margin move and result in earthquake and carbonate neptunian dikes,based on the intense structure background.Such structure-deposit process records the stretch history of the Youjiang basin in late Palaeozoic.
A lot of isolated carbonate platforms occurred in the Late Palaeozoic Youjiang basin,GuangxiGuizhou.Carbonate neptunian dike and synsedimentary normal faults occurred commonly on their margins.Paleoearthquakes are recorded by synsedimentary normal faults.On the margin of the leye platform,Guangxi,Late Devonian carbonate neptunian dike are discovered in the ooid grainstones and algal bindstones of the Upper Devonian Rongxian Fm.Those dikes are:agate laminated limestone dike,dolomite dike,microcrystal limestone dike,and algal bindstone dike etc.Early Carboniferous crinoidal grainstone dikes are also discovered there.Synsedimentary normal faults and their breccia and in situ earthquake shatter breccia are developed there,too.Thus provide new evidences for how the carbonate neptunian dike formed.In the Leye platform margin,there are at least two times normal fault moving:once occurred in Late Devonian and resulted in Late Devonian carbonate neptunian dikes in Late Devonian surrounding rocks;another occurred in Early Carboniferous and resulted in Carboniferous carbonate neptunian dikes and fault breccia in Late Devonian surrounding rocks.All the observations suggest that the synsedimentary normal faults on the Leye platform margin move and result in earthquake and carbonate neptunian dikes,based on the intense structure background.Such structure-deposit process records the stretch history of the Youjiang basin in late Palaeozoic.
引文
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彭阳,李岩,胡贵昂,陆刚,乔秀夫.2007.广西庙头上泥盆统融县组中的灰岩脉和角砾灰岩体及其成因.地质论评,53(6):736~742.
彭阳,陆刚,胡贵昂,周敏,乔秀夫,章雨旭.2009.广西凌云下甲二叠纪沉积灰岩墙和角砾灰岩体的成因及地质意义.地质论评,55(1):43~48.
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乔秀夫,彭阳,高林志.2002.桂北二叠纪灰岩墙(脉)的地震成因解释.地质通报,21(2):102~104.
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Hunt D V,Fitchen W M,Kose E.2002.Syndepositional deformation of the Permian Capitan reef carbonate platform,Guadalupe Mountains,New Mexico,USA.Sedimentary Geology,154(3~4):89~126.
Pratt B R.2001.Oceanography,bathymetry and syndepositional tectonics of a Precambrian intracrationic basin:integrating sediments,storms,earthquakes and tsunamis in the Belt Supergroup(Helena Formation,ca.1.45 Ga),Western North American Sedimentary Geology,141~142:371~394.
Moretti M.2000.Soft sediment deformation structures interpreted as seismites in middle—late Pleistocene Aeolian deposits(Apulian foreland,southern Italy).Sedimentary Geology,135:167~179.
杜远生,黄虎,杨江海,黄宏伟,陶平,黄志强,胡丽沙,谢春霞.2013.晚古生代—中三叠世右江盆地的格局和转换.地质论评,59(1):1~11.
广西壮族自治区地质局第八地质队,淮南煤炭学院.1978.广西凌云早二叠世沉积灰岩脉和沉积灰岩体的发现及其对研究古构造的意义.见:国际交流地质学术论文集(一).北京:地质出版社.272~278.
侯中健,陈洪德,田景春,覃建雄,彭军.2000.右江盆地海相泥盆系—中三叠统层序界面成因类型与盆地演化.沉积学报,18(2):205~209.
黄宏伟,杜远生,黄志强,陈海.2007.广西丹池盆地晚古生代震积岩及其构造意义.地质论评,53(5):723~724.
李江海,姜洪福.2013.全球古板块再造、岩相古地理及古环境图集.地质出版社,北京:23~36.
刘超,陆刚,张喜,周府生,黄祥林,杜远生.2014.桂西北天峨碳酸盐岩台地晚古生代沉积特征与演化.地质论评,60(1):55~70。
彭阳,李岩,胡贵昂,陆刚,乔秀夫.2007.广西庙头上泥盆统融县组中的灰岩脉和角砾灰岩体及其成因.地质论评,53(6):736~742.
彭阳,陆刚,胡贵昂,周敏,乔秀夫,章雨旭.2009.广西凌云下甲二叠纪沉积灰岩墙和角砾灰岩体的成因及地质意义.地质论评,55(1):43~48.
彭阳,陆刚,胡贵昂.2013.广西桂林南边村上泥盆统沉积灰岩脉研究.地质论评,59(3):217~224.
乔秀夫,彭阳,高林志.2002.桂北二叠纪灰岩墙(脉)的地震成因解释.地质通报,21(2):102~104.
吴浩若.2000.广西加里东运动构造古地理问题.古地理学报.2(1):70~76.
Krause F F.2002.Clathrate hydrate frost heave structures in a carbonate mud-mound,Meiklejohn Peak,Nevada,U.S.A.Sedimentologics Sinica.18(2):205~209.
Schroeder S.Adams E W.Grotzinger J P,McCormick D S,Amthor J E,Al H R,Al J O,Al S H,Smith D W,Wood R.2001.Fabrics and genesis of microbial reefs in the terminal Neoproterozoic Nama Group(central Namibia).In:Geological Society of America,2001 annual meeting.PB:Geological Society of America(GSA).Boulder,CO,United States.
Beavon R V.1998.Archean neptunian fissures and early history of the Destor—Plrcupine fault zone,Timmins,Ontario,Canada.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,35(12):1402~1407.
Pino C,Carulli G B.2002.Jurassic sedimentation and tectonics of the Mount Verzegnis area(northeastern Carnian Prealps).ln:Among the ALPs.Dinarides and the Adriatic:proccedings of the 80th meeting of the Societa Geologica Italians.Rome,Itlay:Societa Geologica Italiana.
Hunt D V,Fitchen W M,Kose E.2002.Syndepositional deformation of the Permian Capitan reef carbonate platform,Guadalupe Mountains,New Mexico,USA.Sedimentary Geology,154(3~4):89~126.
Pratt B R.2001.Oceanography,bathymetry and syndepositional tectonics of a Precambrian intracrationic basin:integrating sediments,storms,earthquakes and tsunamis in the Belt Supergroup(Helena Formation,ca.1.45 Ga),Western North American Sedimentary Geology,141~142:371~394.
Moretti M.2000.Soft sediment deformation structures interpreted as seismites in middle—late Pleistocene Aeolian deposits(Apulian foreland,southern Italy).Sedimentary Geology,135:167~179.
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