遥感技术用于大型单体滑坡风险评估与管理
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摘要
本文以平武县文家坝滑坡为研究对象,从地质、地貌、水文3方面分析了该滑坡形成的条件;以遥感地质学相关理论为指导,在地质资料、地形图、GPS数据的支撑下,经过实地验证,建立了滑坡解译标志;对震后SPOT5影像进行解译,提取出滑坡周界、滑坡要素等信息,估算出滑坡规模,分析了滑坡的发育特征;确定滑坡的坡度、岩性、地震因素、水文条件与区域降水量5个因子,采用层次分析法对滑坡危险性进行了分析;最后以滑坡潜在风险体为对象进行风险评估,并给出以工程治理为主的风险管理方案。
This paper took the Wenjiaba landslide of Pingwu County as the research object,3 factors of the landslide formative conditions were analyzed: geological,geomorphic and hydrological conditions.Based on the theories of remote-sense geology and with the support of geological information,topographical maps,GPS data,and conducted a field survey,the interpretation keys were established.By interpreting the SPOT 5 images,the landslide boundary and landslide factors information were extracted,the volume was estimated and its development feature was analyzed.According to the interpretation result,5 features were chosen as the assessment factors: slope gradient,lithological character,seismic effect,hydrological conditions and rainfall amount of the landslide,making a risk evaluation by using AHP(analytic hierarchy process) method.Finally,taking the potential dangerous factors as the subject,a risk assessment was made,while risk management was mainly based on project control method.
This paper took the Wenjiaba landslide of Pingwu County as the research object,3 factors of the landslide formative conditions were analyzed: geological,geomorphic and hydrological conditions.Based on the theories of remote-sense geology and with the support of geological information,topographical maps,GPS data,and conducted a field survey,the interpretation keys were established.By interpreting the SPOT 5 images,the landslide boundary and landslide factors information were extracted,the volume was estimated and its development feature was analyzed.According to the interpretation result,5 features were chosen as the assessment factors: slope gradient,lithological character,seismic effect,hydrological conditions and rainfall amount of the landslide,making a risk evaluation by using AHP(analytic hierarchy process) method.Finally,taking the potential dangerous factors as the subject,a risk assessment was made,while risk management was mainly based on project control method.
引文
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[3]许辉熙.空间信息技术在水电开发工程预可研中的决策支持[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008.
[4]褚洪斌,母海东,王金哲,等.层次分析法在太行山区地质灾害危险性分区中的应用[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(3):125-129.
[5]武立新,王建国,杨计准.层次分析法在山体滑坡危险度评价中的应用[J].有色金属,2009,61(4).
[6]樊晓一,乔建平,陈永波.层次分析法在典型滑坡危险度评价中的应用[J].自然灾害学报,2003,13(1).
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