川西—川中上三叠统地层对比及层序特征
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摘要
川西上三叠统的须家河组与川中香溪群地层对比问题一直富有争议,而且由于前陆盆地的活动性、不对称性、沉积中心的迁移性等特点让川西—川中地层的划分对比变得更加复杂和困难。本次研究重在借助钻、测井资料的层序地层学分析,并结合露头剖面和地震资料,寻找全区可对比的标志性的层序界面,然后根据地层叠置样式、岩性、岩相的变化以及古生物资料等细分出低位、湖侵和高位体系域,在连井剖面层序对比的基础上建立了川西—川中以四级层序为单元的等时层序地层对比格架,提出了合理的须家河组与香溪群地层对比方案。这对盆地范围的岩相古地理重建、沉积体系的展布、有利相带的预测、油气资源评价等的研究都有重要意义。
Stratigraphic correlation between Xiangxi Group in central Sichuan depression and Xujiahe Formation in western Sichuan depression remains a problem of much controversy.The stratigraphic correlation becomes more complex and difficult because of the activity,asymmetry and deposition center mobility.The landmark sequence boundaries comparable with each other in the whole depression can be identified by stratigraphic sequence analysis of well logging curve,outcrop section,and seismic reflective characteristics.Lowstand,lacustrine transgressive and highstand systems tracts can be subdivided by the stacking patterns of stratigraphy,changes of lithology,lithofacies and palaeontological data.This paper has built up a stratigraphic sequence framework based on the fourth-order sequence of Upper Triassic in western Sichuan and central Sichuan depression on the basis of stratigraphic sequence correlation in well-tied sections,and put forward a reasonable scheme of stratigraphic correlation between Xiangxi Group and Xujiahe Formation.The results obtained are of great significance in such aspects as the reconstruction of the original lithofacies palaeogeography,the distribution of sedimentation,the accurate prediction of favorable facies belts and the evaluation of hydrocarbon resources.
Stratigraphic correlation between Xiangxi Group in central Sichuan depression and Xujiahe Formation in western Sichuan depression remains a problem of much controversy.The stratigraphic correlation becomes more complex and difficult because of the activity,asymmetry and deposition center mobility.The landmark sequence boundaries comparable with each other in the whole depression can be identified by stratigraphic sequence analysis of well logging curve,outcrop section,and seismic reflective characteristics.Lowstand,lacustrine transgressive and highstand systems tracts can be subdivided by the stacking patterns of stratigraphy,changes of lithology,lithofacies and palaeontological data.This paper has built up a stratigraphic sequence framework based on the fourth-order sequence of Upper Triassic in western Sichuan and central Sichuan depression on the basis of stratigraphic sequence correlation in well-tied sections,and put forward a reasonable scheme of stratigraphic correlation between Xiangxi Group and Xujiahe Formation.The results obtained are of great significance in such aspects as the reconstruction of the original lithofacies palaeogeography,the distribution of sedimentation,the accurate prediction of favorable facies belts and the evaluation of hydrocarbon resources.
引文
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[13]许希辉,刘开时.川西北柘坝场潜伏构造须二上亚段古河道岩性圈闭初探[J].天然气工业,1995,15(3):28-33.Xu Xihui,Liu Kaishi.Primary discussion on old channel lothologio trap of xu-2 upper submember of Zhebachang burial structure in northwest Sichuan[J].Natural Gas Industry,1995,15(3):28-33(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]Burchfiel B C,Chen Zhiliang,Liu Yuping,et al.Tectonics of the Longmenshan and adjacent regions,central China[J].International Geology Review,1995,37:661-735.
[15]高志勇,罗平,郑荣才,等.四川磨溪-龙女寺构造香溪群高分辨率层序地层分析[J].成都理工大学学报.2005,32(6):597-603.Gao Zhiyong,Luo Ping,Zheng Rongcai,et al.The high-resolution sequence stratigraphy analysis of the Upper Triassic Xiangxi Formation in the Moxi-Longnusi structure of Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,2005,32(6):597-603(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]郑荣才,朱如凯,翟文亮,等.川西类前陆盆地晚三叠世须家河期构造演化及层序充填样式[J].中国地质,2008,35(2):246-255.Zheng Rongcai,Zhu Rukai,Zhai Wenliang,et al.Tectonic evolution and sequence filling patterns in the western Sichuan foreland-like basin in the Upper Triassic Xujiahean period[J].Geology in China,2008,35(2):246-255(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]刘树根,罗志立,戴苏兰.川西前陆盆地的“四川运动”及与油气的关系[J].石油与天然气地质.1996,17(4):276-281Liu Shugen,Luo Zhili,Dai Sulan.Sichuan movement in west Sichuan foreland basin and its relation to oil and gas[J].Oil and Gas Geology,1996,17(4):276-281(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]曾联波,李跃纲,张贵斌,等.川西南部上三叠统须二段低渗透砂岩储层裂缝分布的控制因素[J].中国地质,2007,34(4):622-627.Zeng lianbo,Li Yuegang,Zhang Guibin,et al.Controlling factors for fracture distribution in the low-permeability sandstone reservoir of the Second Member of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the south of western Sichuan[J].Geology in China,2007,34(4):622-627(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]陈竹新,贾东,魏国齐,等.川西前陆盆地中—新生代沉积迁移与构造转换[J].中国地质,2008,35(3):472-481.Chen Zhuxin,Jia Dong,Wei Guoqi,et al.Meso-Cenozoic sediment transport and tectonic transition in the western Sichuan foreland basin[J].Geology in China,2008,35(3):472-481(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]李勇,孙爱珍.龙门山造山带构造地层学研究[J].地层学杂志,2000,24(3):201-205.Li Yong,Sun Aizhen.Tectostratigraphy of Longmenshan orogen[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2000,24(3):201-205(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]田继军,姜在兴,李熙喆,等.川西前陆盆地上三叠统岩性地层圈闭勘探前景分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(1):22-25.Tian Jijun,Jiang Zaixing,Li Xizhe,et al.Analyses on exploration prospect of Upper Triassic lithologic and stratigraphic traps in West Sichuan foreland basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(1):22-25(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]Flemings P B,Jordan T E.Stratigraphic modeling of foreland basin:interpreting thrust deformation and lithospheric eheology[J].Geology,1990,18:403-434.276-281.
[5]Luo Z.New recognition of basement in Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,1998,25(2):191-200.
[6]叶泰然,郑荣才,刘兴艳.高分辨率层序地层学在川西须家河组砂体分布研究中的应用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):37-41.Ye Tairan,Zheng Rongcai,Liu Xingyan.Application of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to research of sandbody distribution in Xujiahe formation,West Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):37-41(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]刘金华,张世奇,孙耀庭,等.川西前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组地层的划分对比及沉积演化[J].地层学杂志,2007,31(2):190-196.Liu Jinhua,Zhang Shiqi,Sun Yaoting,et al.Correlation and evolution of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the West Sichuan foreland basin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2007,31(2):190-196(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]何鲤,段勇,罗潇,等.川西坳陷上三叠统层序地层划分新方案[J].天然气工业,2007,27(2):6-11.He Li,Duan Yong,Luo Xiao,et al.New scheme of sequence stratigaphic division for Uupper Triassic in West Sichuan depression[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(2):6-11(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]张健,李国辉,谢继容,等.四川盆地上三叠统划分对比研究[J].天然气工业,2006,26(1):12-15.Zhang Jian,Li Guohui,Xie Jirong,et al.Stratigraphic division and correlation of Upper Triassic in Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(1):12-15(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]罗启后,王世谦.四川盆地中西部三叠系重点含气层系天然气富集条件研究[J].天然气工业,1996,16(1):40-55.Luo Qihou,Wang Shiqian.Research on natural gas enrichment conditions of the main coal-bearing strate of triassic in the centre-west part of Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1996,16(1):40-55(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]Vail P R,Audemard F,et al.The stratigraphic signature of tectonics,eustasy and sedimentology-an overview.Rice University.1991,41-69.
[12]Mitchum R M,Vail P R,Thompsons.The depositional sequence as a basic unit for stratigraphic analysis[C]//Payton C E(ed.).Seismic Stratigraphy—Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration.AAPG,1997,26:53-62.
[13]许希辉,刘开时.川西北柘坝场潜伏构造须二上亚段古河道岩性圈闭初探[J].天然气工业,1995,15(3):28-33.Xu Xihui,Liu Kaishi.Primary discussion on old channel lothologio trap of xu-2 upper submember of Zhebachang burial structure in northwest Sichuan[J].Natural Gas Industry,1995,15(3):28-33(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]Burchfiel B C,Chen Zhiliang,Liu Yuping,et al.Tectonics of the Longmenshan and adjacent regions,central China[J].International Geology Review,1995,37:661-735.
[15]高志勇,罗平,郑荣才,等.四川磨溪-龙女寺构造香溪群高分辨率层序地层分析[J].成都理工大学学报.2005,32(6):597-603.Gao Zhiyong,Luo Ping,Zheng Rongcai,et al.The high-resolution sequence stratigraphy analysis of the Upper Triassic Xiangxi Formation in the Moxi-Longnusi structure of Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,2005,32(6):597-603(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]郑荣才,朱如凯,翟文亮,等.川西类前陆盆地晚三叠世须家河期构造演化及层序充填样式[J].中国地质,2008,35(2):246-255.Zheng Rongcai,Zhu Rukai,Zhai Wenliang,et al.Tectonic evolution and sequence filling patterns in the western Sichuan foreland-like basin in the Upper Triassic Xujiahean period[J].Geology in China,2008,35(2):246-255(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]刘树根,罗志立,戴苏兰.川西前陆盆地的“四川运动”及与油气的关系[J].石油与天然气地质.1996,17(4):276-281Liu Shugen,Luo Zhili,Dai Sulan.Sichuan movement in west Sichuan foreland basin and its relation to oil and gas[J].Oil and Gas Geology,1996,17(4):276-281(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]曾联波,李跃纲,张贵斌,等.川西南部上三叠统须二段低渗透砂岩储层裂缝分布的控制因素[J].中国地质,2007,34(4):622-627.Zeng lianbo,Li Yuegang,Zhang Guibin,et al.Controlling factors for fracture distribution in the low-permeability sandstone reservoir of the Second Member of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the south of western Sichuan[J].Geology in China,2007,34(4):622-627(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]陈竹新,贾东,魏国齐,等.川西前陆盆地中—新生代沉积迁移与构造转换[J].中国地质,2008,35(3):472-481.Chen Zhuxin,Jia Dong,Wei Guoqi,et al.Meso-Cenozoic sediment transport and tectonic transition in the western Sichuan foreland basin[J].Geology in China,2008,35(3):472-481(in Chinese with English abstract).
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