南海神狐海域热解成因与天然气水合物稳定带底界
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摘要
为了探讨神狐海域热解成因天然气水合物存在的可能性及其稳定带底界,对神狐海域2口井(SH-2井,LW3-1-1井)的天然气组成和δ13C进行了对比;对研究区气体运移通道、热解成因水合物相平衡条件以及不同成因水合物稳定带底界深度进行了分析.结果表明:该区充足的热解气源具有形成热解成因水合物的可能性.随着水深从SH-2井的1230m增加到LW3-1-1井的3200m,相同成因水合物(如:生物成因水合物)的稳定带底界埋深变大,从SH-2井的1526m增加到LW3-1-1井的3707m;不同成因水合物的稳定带厚度差变小,从SH-2井的89m减小到LW3-1-1井的37m.基于墨西哥湾热解成因水合物稳定带底界与强反射带顶界的对应关系,通过对该区高分辨率地震资料精细解释可以认为,部分生物成因水合物稳定带基底之下出现的空白带和断续的强反射带很可能是热解成因水合物的表现,其强反射带顶界很可能是热解成因水合物稳定带的底界,其稳定带厚度更大,稳定带底界更深.
To discuss the probability of thermogenic gas hydrate occurrence and its base buried depth of the gas hydrate stability zone(GHSZ)in Shenhu area,comparative study of gas composition and carbon isotope of methane of two drilling wells(SH-2and LW3-1-1)were completed,and gas migration pathways,modeling of temperature-pressure equilibrium condition and the base buried depth of GHZS were also analyzed.The results show that there is abundant thermogenic gas existing in the study area,which makes it probability for gas hydrate to form.With the increase of water depth from 1 230mof SH-2to 3 200mof LW3-1-1,the base buried depth of the same genetic GHSZ such as,biogenic GHSZ becomes deeper,increasing from 1 526mof SH-2to 3 707mof LW3-1-1,while the thickness among differernt genetic GHSZ becomes smaller,decreasing from 89mof SH-2to 37mof LW3-1-1.Based on the correlation between the bottom boundary of thermogenic GHSZ and the top of strong reflection zone in the northern continental slope of Gulf of Mexico,the interpretation of high-resolution seismic data has revealed that the blanking zone and discontinuous strong reflection zone below the biogenic GHSZ could be caused by the thermogenic gas hydrate,and the top of strong reflection zone may be the bottom boundary of thermogenic GHSZ,displaying larger thickness and deeper bottom boundary.
To discuss the probability of thermogenic gas hydrate occurrence and its base buried depth of the gas hydrate stability zone(GHSZ)in Shenhu area,comparative study of gas composition and carbon isotope of methane of two drilling wells(SH-2and LW3-1-1)were completed,and gas migration pathways,modeling of temperature-pressure equilibrium condition and the base buried depth of GHZS were also analyzed.The results show that there is abundant thermogenic gas existing in the study area,which makes it probability for gas hydrate to form.With the increase of water depth from 1 230mof SH-2to 3 200mof LW3-1-1,the base buried depth of the same genetic GHSZ such as,biogenic GHSZ becomes deeper,increasing from 1 526mof SH-2to 3 707mof LW3-1-1,while the thickness among differernt genetic GHSZ becomes smaller,decreasing from 89mof SH-2to 37mof LW3-1-1.Based on the correlation between the bottom boundary of thermogenic GHSZ and the top of strong reflection zone in the northern continental slope of Gulf of Mexico,the interpretation of high-resolution seismic data has revealed that the blanking zone and discontinuous strong reflection zone below the biogenic GHSZ could be caused by the thermogenic gas hydrate,and the top of strong reflection zone may be the bottom boundary of thermogenic GHSZ,displaying larger thickness and deeper bottom boundary.
引文
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[15]COOPER A K,HART P E.High-resolution seismic-reflection investigation of the northern Gulf of Mexico gas-hydrate-stability zone[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003,19:1275-1293.
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[2]吴能友,梁金强,王宏斌,等.海洋天然气水合物成藏系统研究进展[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):35-32.WU Neng-you,LIANG Jin-qiang,WANG Hong-bin,et al.Marine gas hydrate system:state of the art[J].Geoscience,2008,22(3):35-32.
[3]崔洁,何家雄,周永章,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷天然气成因及油气资源潜力分析[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):125-130.CUI Jie,HE Jia-xiong,ZHOU Yong-zhang,et al.Origin of nature gas and resource potential of oil and gas in Baiyun sag,Pearl river mouth basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(1):125-130.
[4]POSEWANG J,MIENERT J.The engima of double BSRs:Indicators for changes in the hydrate stability field[J].Geo-Marine Letters,1999,19:150-156.
[5]ANDREASSEN K,MIENERT J,BRYN P,et al.A double gas-hydrate related bottom simulating reflector at the Norwegian continental margin[J].The Annals of the New York Acad.of Sci,2000,912:126135.
[6]宋海斌,江为为,张岭.海洋天然气水合物的地球物理研究(Ⅳ):双似海底反射[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):497-502.SONG Hai-bin,JIANG Wei-wei,ZHANG Ling.Geophysical researches on marine gas hydrates(Ⅳ):double bottom simulating reflections[J].Progress in Geophysics,2003,13(8):497-502.
[7]傅宁,米立军,张功成.珠江口盆地白云凹陷烃源岩及北部油气成因[J].石油学报,2007,28(3):3238.FU Ning,MI Li-jun,ZHANG Gong-cheng.Source rocks and origin of oil and gas in the northern Baiyun depression of Pearl river mouth basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(3):32-38.
[8]陈长民.珠江口盆地东部石油地质及油气藏形成条件初探[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(2):7383.CHEN Chang-min.Petroleum geology and conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Pearl river mouth basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2000,14(2):73-83.
[9]何家雄,姚永坚,刘海龄,等.南海北部边缘盆地天然气成因类型及气源构成特点[J].中国地质,2008,35(5):997-1006.HE Jia-xiong,YAO Yong-jian,LIU Hai-ling,et al.Genetic types of natural gas and characteristic of the gas source composition in marginal basins of the northern South China Sea[J].Geology in China,2008,35(5):997-1006.
[10]于水明,梅廉夫,施和生,等.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起:白云凹陷北坡断层与油气成藏关系[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(5):562-579.YU Shui-ming,MEI Lian-fu,SHI He-sheng,et al.Relationship between faults and hydrocarbon accumulation in Panyu low massif and north Slope of Baiyun sag,Pearl river mouth basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(5):562-579.
[11]金春爽,汪集旸,张光学.南海天然气水合物稳定带的影响因素[J].矿床地质,2005,24(4):388397.JIN Chun-shuang,WANG Ji-yang,ZHANG Guang-xue.Factors affecting natural gas hydrate stability zone in the south China sea[J].Mineral Deposits,2005,24(4):388-397.
[12]SLOAN JR E D.Clathrate hydrates of natural gases[M].New York:Marcel Dekker,1998:1-705.
[13]冯志强,冯文科,薛万俊,等.南海北部地质灾害及海底工程地质条件评价[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1996:1-50.
[14]MILKOV A V,SASSEN R.Thickness of the gas hydrate stability zone Gulf of Mexico continental slope[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17:981-991.
[15]COOPER A K,HART P E.High-resolution seismic-reflection investigation of the northern Gulf of Mexico gas-hydrate-stability zone[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003,19:1275-1293.
[16]张树林.珠江口盆地白云凹陷天然气水合物成藏条件及资源量前景[J].中国石油勘探,2007(6):2327.ZHANG Shu-lin.Accumulation conditions and prospect for natural gas hydrate resources in Baiyun sag,Pearl river mouth basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007(6):23-27.
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