单程波外推高陡倾角反射成像技术的应用研究
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摘要
基于单程波外推方法的二次反射波成像技术基本原理是:在将地震波场进行炮点下行波和检波点上行波常规波场延拓的基础上,进一步对检波点波场进行下行波延拓,对延拓的3个波场通过上、下行波两两交叉相关,进行上行和下行波场成像,该技术具有类似于逆时偏移的功能。以一个垂直构造模型为例,简要分析了高陡构造的波场特征;基于一个二维和一个三维高陡构造模型数据,进行了偏移成像处理试验,结果表明,可以对倾角大于90°的高陡构造精确成像。将该技术应用于某山前带实际地震资料的偏移处理,获得了较好的效果,常规偏移剖面中成像模糊的层位边界在该偏移剖面上成像清晰。
The principles of secondary reflection wave imaging technology based on one-way wave extrapolation are as follows:based on the conventional down-going wave field continuation of shot points and the up-going wave field continuation of the receivers,the down-going wave field continuation of the receivers is carried out again. Through the cross-correlation between the three kinds of extrapolated wave fields,the imaging of up-going wave field and down-going wave field is completed.The technique is similar to the function of inverse-time migration.A model with vertical structure is taken to briefly analyze the features of the wave field in the high and steep structure.Numerical tests were performed on both synthetic data from 2-D and 3-D high and steep structure models.The results show that the steep reflection with the dip angle larger than 90°can be imaged accurately.The technique was applied to the actual seismic data from some piedmont zone,and good results were achieved. The fuzzy layer boundaries in conventional migration profile are clear on the new migration profile acquired by the technique.
The principles of secondary reflection wave imaging technology based on one-way wave extrapolation are as follows:based on the conventional down-going wave field continuation of shot points and the up-going wave field continuation of the receivers,the down-going wave field continuation of the receivers is carried out again. Through the cross-correlation between the three kinds of extrapolated wave fields,the imaging of up-going wave field and down-going wave field is completed.The technique is similar to the function of inverse-time migration.A model with vertical structure is taken to briefly analyze the features of the wave field in the high and steep structure.Numerical tests were performed on both synthetic data from 2-D and 3-D high and steep structure models.The results show that the steep reflection with the dip angle larger than 90°can be imaged accurately.The technique was applied to the actual seismic data from some piedmont zone,and good results were achieved. The fuzzy layer boundaries in conventional migration profile are clear on the new migration profile acquired by the technique.
引文
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2伍志明,李亚林,贺振华,等.高陡复杂构造的地震成像技术进展[J].天然气工业,2004,24(2):40-43
3方伍宝.三维叠前深度偏移的建模技术[J].石油物探, 2002,41(2):132-135
4刘礼农,陈树民,张剑锋,等.稀疏采样下陡角度构造的波动方程深度偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2006,49 (5):1 452-1 459
5张宇,徐升,张关泉.真振幅全倾角单程波方程偏移方法[J].石油物探,2007,46(6):582-587
6方伍宝,孙建国,赵改善,等.波动方程叠前深度偏移成像软件系统的研制及应用[J].石油物探,2005,44(5): 486-490
7马淑芳,李振春.波动方程叠前深度偏移方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(3):153-161
8程玖兵,马在田,陶正喜,等.山前带复杂构造成像方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(5):525-529
9 Zhang Y,Xu S,Zhang G Q.Imaging complex salt bodies with thrning-wave one-way equation[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 2006,2 323-2 327
10 Xu S Y,Jin S W.Wave equation migration of turning waves[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2006,2 328-2 332
11 Jin S W,Xu S Y.One-return wave equation migration: imaging of duplex waves[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2006,2 338-2 342
12 Xie X B,Wu R S.A depth migration method based on the full-wave reverse-time calculation and local oneway propagation[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2006,2 333-2 337
13 Liu F Q,Zhang G Q.Reverse-time migration using one-way wavefield imaging condition[J].Expanded Abstracts of 77~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2007, 2 170-2 174
14 Zhang J,McMeChan G A.Turning wave migration by horizontal extrapolation[J].Geophysics,1997,62(1 ): 291-296
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