塔北西部英买力地区英买2工区古生界盐构造样式研究
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摘要
盐构造研究对于油气勘探和理论研究均有着重要的意义。塔北隆起是塔里木盆地的重要勘探区块。根据地震及钻井资料,研究了塔北隆起西部英买力地区英买2工区古生界盐构造样式、形成机制及其对区域构造的影响。塔北隆起西部古生界发育了与中寒武统膏盐岩有关的盐构造样式,包括盐丘、盐上逆断层、盐上正断层。通过相干图分析可见盐丘从底到顶展示出有规律的变化,盐底变形强的地区在顶部变形弱,而盐底变形弱的地区在顶部变形强;变形强弱的不同在相干图上表现为与周围不协调的椭圆,从盐丘底部到顶部,椭圆的长轴方向逆时针旋转了30°,反映了变形时有走滑运动的分量存在。通过演化剖面恢复,认为古生界盐构造在古生代末基本形成了现在的形态,在三叠纪断裂重新活动,伴随着生长地层发育。膏盐层的分隔作用造成了构造层次之间构造样式的不协调及其分层性特征,盐构造形成的构造裂隙控制了后期火成岩的发育部位。
Research on salt tectonics is a crucial element of petroleum exploration and scientific problems.Tabei Uplift,one of the most important exploration areas in Tarim basin,has the most proved reserves and oil production in all the first level structure units of this region.Based on seismic and well data,the salt structure styles,formation mechanism and influence on regional tectonics of Tabei Uplift is investigated in this paper in Yingmai 2 work district,Yingmaili area,western Tabei Uplift.Middle Cambrian salt structures are extensively developed in western Tabei Uplift.Salt structure styles,such as salt domes,suprasalt reverse faults and suprasalt normal faults are recognized.Using event similarity prediction technique,the regular variation of salt domes from bottom to top can be clearly revealed in coherent horizontal slices,which shows that a intensely deformed bottom part usually has a slightly deformed top,and vice versa.In the coherent horizontal slices,this differential deformation forms a series of ellipses,which rotate 30°counter clockwise from bottom to top.It is implied that western Tabei Uplift underwent strike slip movement in Late Paleozoic when salt deformation took place.Salt structures were deformed in compressional tectonic setting in Late Paleozoic and,according to the analysis of the structural evolution section,the main fault was remobilized as a synsedimentary fault in Triassic with a limited scale.After Triassic these structures were relatively stable.Salt layers significantly influenced the tectonic deformation.In structural layers below and above them,inharmonious structure styles were formed.In addition,the Palaeozoic fractures,which were formed during salt movement,controlled the space distribution of latter developed magmatism.
Research on salt tectonics is a crucial element of petroleum exploration and scientific problems.Tabei Uplift,one of the most important exploration areas in Tarim basin,has the most proved reserves and oil production in all the first level structure units of this region.Based on seismic and well data,the salt structure styles,formation mechanism and influence on regional tectonics of Tabei Uplift is investigated in this paper in Yingmai 2 work district,Yingmaili area,western Tabei Uplift.Middle Cambrian salt structures are extensively developed in western Tabei Uplift.Salt structure styles,such as salt domes,suprasalt reverse faults and suprasalt normal faults are recognized.Using event similarity prediction technique,the regular variation of salt domes from bottom to top can be clearly revealed in coherent horizontal slices,which shows that a intensely deformed bottom part usually has a slightly deformed top,and vice versa.In the coherent horizontal slices,this differential deformation forms a series of ellipses,which rotate 30°counter clockwise from bottom to top.It is implied that western Tabei Uplift underwent strike slip movement in Late Paleozoic when salt deformation took place.Salt structures were deformed in compressional tectonic setting in Late Paleozoic and,according to the analysis of the structural evolution section,the main fault was remobilized as a synsedimentary fault in Triassic with a limited scale.After Triassic these structures were relatively stable.Salt layers significantly influenced the tectonic deformation.In structural layers below and above them,inharmonious structure styles were formed.In addition,the Palaeozoic fractures,which were formed during salt movement,controlled the space distribution of latter developed magmatism.
引文
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Mich ael R,Hudec M R and Jackson M P A.2007.Terra infirma:Understanding salt tectonics[J].Earth-Science Reviews,82:1-28.
Papp alardo R T,Barr A C.2004.Domes on Europa:the role of thermally induced compositional diapirism[C].Lunar and Planetary Institute,Workshop on“Europa's Icy Shell:Past,Present,and Future,”Workshop Program and Abstracts,64-65.
Prath er B E.2000.Calibration and visualization of depositional process models for above-grade slopes:a case study from the Gulf of Mexico[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,17:619-638.
Ren Kangxu,Pan Wenqing,Gao Hongliang,et al.2007.Reservoir characteristics and play target of igneous rocks,western Tabei Uplift[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,30(2):1-4,29.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Stew art S A.1996.Influence of detachment layer thickness on style of thin-skinned shortening[J].Journal of Structural Geology,18(10):1271-1274.
Tang Liangjie.1992.A discussion on multi-level detachment structures and petroleum potential of the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,66(2):97-107.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Jia Chengzao,et al,2004.Multi-stage salt structures and petroleum accumulation[J].Science in China(Series D),34(supp.):89-97.(in Chinese)
Tang Liangjie,Yu Yixin,Chen Shuping,et al.2005.Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,12(4):375-383.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Dawei,Liu Zhen,Chen Xiaohong,et al.2005.Progress of seismic coherence and its application to petroleum exploration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,24(2):71-76.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wen S hengming,Wang Jianzhong,Wang Guizhong,et al.2005.Characteristics of igneous rocks and its impact upon hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim Basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,40(supp.):33-39,68.(in Chinese)
Xu Guo qiang,Liu Shugen,Li Guorong,et al.2005.Comparison of tectonic evolutions and petroleum geological conditions in Tazhong and Tabei palaeohighs in Tarim Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,26(1):114-119,129.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Zh enyu,Zhou Yaoqi,Ma Xiaoming,et al.2007.The impact of saline deposit upon the hydrocarbon accumulation in petroliferous basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,28(2):299-308.(in Chinese with English abstract)
边树涛,董艳蕾,苏晓军,等.2007.地震相干体技术识别低序级断层方法研究[J].世界地质,26(3):368-374.
冯增昭,鲍志东,吴茂炳,等.2006.塔里木地区寒武纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,8(4):427-439.
高志前,樊太亮,焦志峰,等.2006.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J].沉积学报,24(1):19-27.
戈红星,Jackson M P A.1996.盐构造与油气圈闭及其综合利用[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),32(4):640-649.
何登发,贾承造,李德生,等.2005.塔里木多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,26(1):64-77.
贾承造,赵文智,魏国齐,等.2003.盐构造与油气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,30(2):17-19.
任康绪,潘文庆,高宏亮,等.2007.塔北隆起西部火成岩储层特征及其勘探方向[J].天然气勘探与开发,30(2):1-4,29.
汤良杰.1992.塔里木盆地多层次滑脱构造与含油气远景探讨[J].地质学报,66(2):97-107.
汤良杰,金之钧,贾承造,等.2004.塔里木盆地多期盐构造与油气聚集[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,34(增刊Ⅰ):89-97.
汤良杰,余一欣,陈书平,等.2005.含油气盆地盐构造研究进展[J].地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京);北京大学),12(4):375-383.
王大伟,刘震,陈小宏,等.2005.地震相干技术的进展及其在油气勘探中的应用[J].地质科技情报,24(2):71-76.
温声明,王建忠,王贵重,等.2005.塔里木盆地火成岩发育特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,40(增刊):33-39,68.
徐国强,刘树根,李国蓉,等.2005.塔中、塔北古隆起形成演化及油气地质条件对比[J].石油与天然气地质,26(1):114-119,129.
赵振宇,周瑶琪,马晓鸣,等.2007.含油气盆地中膏盐岩层对油气成藏的重要影响[J].石油与天然气地质,28(2):299-308.
Bian Shutao,Dong Yanlei,Su Xiaojun,et al.2007.Method of study on seismic coherence cube technique to interpretation of low level faults[J].Global Geology,26(3):368-374.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Canér ot J,Hudec M R,Rockenbauch K.2005.Mesozoic diapirism in the Pyrenean orogen:salt tectonics on a transform plate boundary[J].AAPG Bulletin,89:211-229.
Feng Zengzhao,Bao Zhidong,Wu Maobing,et al.2006.Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Cambrian in Tarim area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,8(4):427-439.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Gao Zhiqian,Fan Tailiang,Jiao Zhifeng,et al.2006.The structural types and depositional characteristics of carbonate platform in the Cambrian-Ordovician of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,24(1):19-27.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ge Ho ngxing and Jackson M P A.1996.Salt structures,hydrocarbon traps and mineral deposits[J].Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences),32(4):640-649.(in Chinese with English abstract)
He De ngfa,Jia Chengzao,Li Desheng,et al.2005.Formation and evolution of polycyclic superimposed Tarim Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,26(1):64-77.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Hudec M R and Jackson M P A.2004.Regional restoration across the Kwanza Basin,Angola:salt tectonics triggered by repeated uplift of a metastable passive margin[J].AAPG Bulletin,88:971-990.
Hudec M R and Jackson M P A.2006.Growth of allochthonous salt sheets in passive margins and orogens[J].AAPG Bulletin,90:1535-1564.
Jackso n M P A and Talbot C J.1986.External shapes,strain rates,and dynamics of salt structures[J].GSA Bulletin,97(3):305-323.
Jia C hengzao,Zhao Wenzhi,Wei Guoqi,et al.2003.Salt structures and exploration of oil and gas[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,30(2):17-19.(in Chinese with English abstract)
McB ride B C,Weimer P and Rowan M G.1998.The effect of allochthonous salt on the petroleum systems of northern Green Canyon and Ewing Bank(offshore Louisiana),northern Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,82(5B):1083-1112.
Mich ael R,Hudec M R and Jackson M P A.2007.Terra infirma:Understanding salt tectonics[J].Earth-Science Reviews,82:1-28.
Papp alardo R T,Barr A C.2004.Domes on Europa:the role of thermally induced compositional diapirism[C].Lunar and Planetary Institute,Workshop on“Europa's Icy Shell:Past,Present,and Future,”Workshop Program and Abstracts,64-65.
Prath er B E.2000.Calibration and visualization of depositional process models for above-grade slopes:a case study from the Gulf of Mexico[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,17:619-638.
Ren Kangxu,Pan Wenqing,Gao Hongliang,et al.2007.Reservoir characteristics and play target of igneous rocks,western Tabei Uplift[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,30(2):1-4,29.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Stew art S A.1996.Influence of detachment layer thickness on style of thin-skinned shortening[J].Journal of Structural Geology,18(10):1271-1274.
Tang Liangjie.1992.A discussion on multi-level detachment structures and petroleum potential of the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,66(2):97-107.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tang Liangjie,Jin Zhijun,Jia Chengzao,et al,2004.Multi-stage salt structures and petroleum accumulation[J].Science in China(Series D),34(supp.):89-97.(in Chinese)
Tang Liangjie,Yu Yixin,Chen Shuping,et al.2005.Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,12(4):375-383.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Dawei,Liu Zhen,Chen Xiaohong,et al.2005.Progress of seismic coherence and its application to petroleum exploration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,24(2):71-76.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wen S hengming,Wang Jianzhong,Wang Guizhong,et al.2005.Characteristics of igneous rocks and its impact upon hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim Basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,40(supp.):33-39,68.(in Chinese)
Xu Guo qiang,Liu Shugen,Li Guorong,et al.2005.Comparison of tectonic evolutions and petroleum geological conditions in Tazhong and Tabei palaeohighs in Tarim Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,26(1):114-119,129.(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Zh enyu,Zhou Yaoqi,Ma Xiaoming,et al.2007.The impact of saline deposit upon the hydrocarbon accumulation in petroliferous basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,28(2):299-308.(in Chinese with English abstract)
边树涛,董艳蕾,苏晓军,等.2007.地震相干体技术识别低序级断层方法研究[J].世界地质,26(3):368-374.
冯增昭,鲍志东,吴茂炳,等.2006.塔里木地区寒武纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,8(4):427-439.
高志前,樊太亮,焦志峰,等.2006.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J].沉积学报,24(1):19-27.
戈红星,Jackson M P A.1996.盐构造与油气圈闭及其综合利用[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),32(4):640-649.
何登发,贾承造,李德生,等.2005.塔里木多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,26(1):64-77.
贾承造,赵文智,魏国齐,等.2003.盐构造与油气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,30(2):17-19.
任康绪,潘文庆,高宏亮,等.2007.塔北隆起西部火成岩储层特征及其勘探方向[J].天然气勘探与开发,30(2):1-4,29.
汤良杰.1992.塔里木盆地多层次滑脱构造与含油气远景探讨[J].地质学报,66(2):97-107.
汤良杰,金之钧,贾承造,等.2004.塔里木盆地多期盐构造与油气聚集[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,34(增刊Ⅰ):89-97.
汤良杰,余一欣,陈书平,等.2005.含油气盆地盐构造研究进展[J].地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京);北京大学),12(4):375-383.
王大伟,刘震,陈小宏,等.2005.地震相干技术的进展及其在油气勘探中的应用[J].地质科技情报,24(2):71-76.
温声明,王建忠,王贵重,等.2005.塔里木盆地火成岩发育特征及对油气成藏的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,40(增刊):33-39,68.
徐国强,刘树根,李国蓉,等.2005.塔中、塔北古隆起形成演化及油气地质条件对比[J].石油与天然气地质,26(1):114-119,129.
赵振宇,周瑶琪,马晓鸣,等.2007.含油气盆地中膏盐岩层对油气成藏的重要影响[J].石油与天然气地质,28(2):299-308.
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