脉冲编码可控震源信号设计
|
摘要
通过脉冲编码技术使震源向地下激发出可人为控制的变步长的脉冲序列,采用解码技术将这种连续多次小能量激发情形的原始地震记录转换为等价的单次大能量激发的地震记录.文中通过数值模拟技术对脉冲编码震源信号地震响应的规律和特点进行了研究.模拟结果表明,脉冲编码信号冲击间隔的增量是压制相关噪声的关键因素,调整冲击间隔的增量对相关噪声的影响要比增加冲击次数对相关噪声的影响灵敏得多,而重复的冲击间隔对压制相关噪声不起任何作用.
With the pulse coding technique,a series of pulses,which are produced by a controllable impact source and have the variable time intervals,are introduced into the ground.The seismic recording from a series of many low-power impact pulses can be transformed into a recording that is equivalent to the one from highpower impact pulse by using decoding techniques.The characteristics of seismic response to pulse coding signal are investigated by numerical simulating.The results show that the increment in the value of pulse interval between two neighboring impacts in a coded signal is a key factor for suppressing correlation noise.Changing the increment of impact interval is more sensitive to suppressing correlation noise than increasing the times of impacting.But repeated impact intervals do not have any effect on weakening the correlation noise.
With the pulse coding technique,a series of pulses,which are produced by a controllable impact source and have the variable time intervals,are introduced into the ground.The seismic recording from a series of many low-power impact pulses can be transformed into a recording that is equivalent to the one from highpower impact pulse by using decoding techniques.The characteristics of seismic response to pulse coding signal are investigated by numerical simulating.The results show that the increment in the value of pulse interval between two neighboring impacts in a coded signal is a key factor for suppressing correlation noise.Changing the increment of impact interval is more sensitive to suppressing correlation noise than increasing the times of impacting.But repeated impact intervals do not have any effect on weakening the correlation noise.
引文
[1]陶知非.改善可控震源高频信号输出品质的探讨[J].物探装备,2008,18(2):71~77.Tao Z F.Study on improving quality of high2frequency outputsignal in vibroseis[J].EGP,2008,18(2):71~77.
[2]罗桂纯,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.气枪震源在地球深部结构探测中的应用研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):400~407.Luo G C,Wang B S,Ge Hong-kui,et al.Progress in earth'sdeep structures exploration by air gun source[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):400~407.
[3]林建民,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.大容量气枪震源特征及地震波传播的震相分析[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):206~212.Lin J M,Wang B S,Ge H K,et al.Study on large volumeairgun source characteristics and seismic phase analysis[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(1):206~212.
[4]赵明辉,丘学林,夏少红,等.大容量气枪震源及其波形特征[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):558~565.Zhao M H,Qiu X L,Xia S H,et al.Large volume air2gunsources and its seismic waveform characters[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2):558~565.
[5]陈颙,朱日祥.设立“地下明灯研究计划”的建议[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(5):485~489.Chen Y,Zhu R X.Proposed project of“UndergroundBright Lump”[J].Adv.Earth Sci.(in Chinese),2005,20(5):485~489.
[6]陈顒,张尉,陈汉林等.地震雷达[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):1~5.Chen Y,Zhang W,Chen H L,et al.Seismic Radar[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):1~5.
[7]葛洪魁,林建民,王宝善,等.编码震源提高地震探测能力的野外实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):864~870.Ge H K,Lin J M,Wang B S,et al.A field experiment studyof improving the seismic detectability with coded source[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):864~870.
[8]Barbier M G,Viallix J R.SOSIE:A new tool for marine seis-mology[J].Geophysics,1973,22(4):673~683.
[9]Barbier M G,Viallix J R.Pulse coding in seismic prospecting——SOSIE and SEISCODE[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1974,22:153~175.
[10]Barbier M G,Bondon P,Mellinger R,Viallix J R.Mini-SOSIE for land seismology[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1976,24:518~527.
[11]常旭,李林新,刘伊克,等.北京断陷黄庄—高丽营断层伪随机可控震源地震剖面[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1503~1510.Chang X,Li L X,Liu Y K,et al.Seismic profile of Huang-zhuang—Gaoliying fault in Beijing by Mini2sosie method[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(5):1503~1510.
[12]Park C B,Miller R D,Steeples D W and Black R A.Sweptimpact seismic technique(SIST)[J].Geophysics,1996,61(6):1789~1803.
[13]Chapman W L,Brown G L,Fair D W.The Vibroseis sys-tem:A high-frequency tool[J].Geophysics,1981,46(12):1657~1666.
[14]Chen Z B,Lin J.Design for vibrator field experiment basedon vibrator-Earth system[J].Journal of Geoscientific Re-search in Northeast Asia,2000,3(1):107~113.
[15]王忠仁,林君,冯声涯.地震勘探中相控阵震源的方向特性研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1191~1197.Wang Z R,Lin J,Feng S Y.Directivity of phase array vi-brators in seismic exploration[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2006,49(4):1191~1197.
[2]罗桂纯,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.气枪震源在地球深部结构探测中的应用研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):400~407.Luo G C,Wang B S,Ge Hong-kui,et al.Progress in earth'sdeep structures exploration by air gun source[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):400~407.
[3]林建民,王宝善,葛洪魁,等.大容量气枪震源特征及地震波传播的震相分析[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):206~212.Lin J M,Wang B S,Ge H K,et al.Study on large volumeairgun source characteristics and seismic phase analysis[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(1):206~212.
[4]赵明辉,丘学林,夏少红,等.大容量气枪震源及其波形特征[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):558~565.Zhao M H,Qiu X L,Xia S H,et al.Large volume air2gunsources and its seismic waveform characters[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2):558~565.
[5]陈颙,朱日祥.设立“地下明灯研究计划”的建议[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(5):485~489.Chen Y,Zhu R X.Proposed project of“UndergroundBright Lump”[J].Adv.Earth Sci.(in Chinese),2005,20(5):485~489.
[6]陈顒,张尉,陈汉林等.地震雷达[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):1~5.Chen Y,Zhang W,Chen H L,et al.Seismic Radar[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):1~5.
[7]葛洪魁,林建民,王宝善,等.编码震源提高地震探测能力的野外实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):864~870.Ge H K,Lin J M,Wang B S,et al.A field experiment studyof improving the seismic detectability with coded source[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):864~870.
[8]Barbier M G,Viallix J R.SOSIE:A new tool for marine seis-mology[J].Geophysics,1973,22(4):673~683.
[9]Barbier M G,Viallix J R.Pulse coding in seismic prospecting——SOSIE and SEISCODE[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1974,22:153~175.
[10]Barbier M G,Bondon P,Mellinger R,Viallix J R.Mini-SOSIE for land seismology[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1976,24:518~527.
[11]常旭,李林新,刘伊克,等.北京断陷黄庄—高丽营断层伪随机可控震源地震剖面[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1503~1510.Chang X,Li L X,Liu Y K,et al.Seismic profile of Huang-zhuang—Gaoliying fault in Beijing by Mini2sosie method[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(5):1503~1510.
[12]Park C B,Miller R D,Steeples D W and Black R A.Sweptimpact seismic technique(SIST)[J].Geophysics,1996,61(6):1789~1803.
[13]Chapman W L,Brown G L,Fair D W.The Vibroseis sys-tem:A high-frequency tool[J].Geophysics,1981,46(12):1657~1666.
[14]Chen Z B,Lin J.Design for vibrator field experiment basedon vibrator-Earth system[J].Journal of Geoscientific Re-search in Northeast Asia,2000,3(1):107~113.
[15]王忠仁,林君,冯声涯.地震勘探中相控阵震源的方向特性研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1191~1197.Wang Z R,Lin J,Feng S Y.Directivity of phase array vi-brators in seismic exploration[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2006,49(4):1191~1197.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心