裂缝型储层地震属性预测方法研究与应用
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摘要
如何合理提取裂缝型储层地震响应属性,描述储层的空间展布特征,是裂缝型储层预测研究的基础。通过提取塔北隆起西部A区块奥陶系一间房组(O2y)顶部碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层的地震响应特征,探讨了适合该区碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层预测的技术方法。在研究过程中,从裂缝成因理论出发,应用地震属性的几何学与波动学属性,从不同方面对裂缝型储层的预测进行了研究;首先通过本征值相干体、AFE(automatic fault extract)裂缝预测体的制作方法进行裂缝地震几何学属性方法研究,然后在测井岩石物理分析的基础上,应用地震联合反演方法对裂缝型储层进行地震反演方法研究,利用所提取的地震属性对研究区块的裂缝展布特征进行合理预测,解释了由于裂缝型储层各向异性而导致的用传统研究方法难以合理解释的勘探现象。描述了一种适合裂缝型储层预测的综合研究方法,对同类储层的预测有一定的参考意义。
How to extract the seismic attribution to describe the spatial distribution of reservoirs was a basis for fractured reservoir evaluation.Through researching the seismic attribution extraction of carbonate reservoirs on the top of Yijianfang Formation(O2y)of Ordovician System in Block A of Western Region of Northern Tarim Uplift,the suitable techniques and methods related to prediction of fractured carbonate reservoirs were discussed.In the process of research,the geometry and kymatology of seismic attribution were used to study fractured reservoir prediction methods based on the theory of fracture origin.Firstly EGI and AFE attribution and simultaneous inversion method of fractured reservoir were researched.By extracting seismic attribution,the difficult exploration appearances,it provides reference for similar reservoir prediction.
How to extract the seismic attribution to describe the spatial distribution of reservoirs was a basis for fractured reservoir evaluation.Through researching the seismic attribution extraction of carbonate reservoirs on the top of Yijianfang Formation(O2y)of Ordovician System in Block A of Western Region of Northern Tarim Uplift,the suitable techniques and methods related to prediction of fractured carbonate reservoirs were discussed.In the process of research,the geometry and kymatology of seismic attribution were used to study fractured reservoir prediction methods based on the theory of fracture origin.Firstly EGI and AFE attribution and simultaneous inversion method of fractured reservoir were researched.By extracting seismic attribution,the difficult exploration appearances,it provides reference for similar reservoir prediction.
引文
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[2]李军,刘丽峰,赵玉合,等.古潜山油气藏研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):897～887.
[3]Hudson J A.A higher order approximation of elastic wave in material containing cracks[J].Geophysical Journal International,1981,64(1):133～150.
[4]苏培东,秦启荣,黄润秋.储层裂缝预测研究现状与展望[J].西南石油学院学报,2005,17(5):14～17.
[5]Chen Quincy,Sidney S.Seismic attribute technology for reservoir forecasting and monitoring[A].1997SEG Annual Meeting[C].Dallas,1997-11-02～07.
[6]Alistair R B,严又生.地震属性及其分类[J].国外油气勘探,1997,9(4):529～530.
[7]Neves F A,Zahrani M S,Bremkamp S W.Detection of potential fracture and small faults using seismic attributes[J].The LeadingEdge,2004,23(9):903～906.
[8]Ashbridge J,Pryce C,Coutel F,et al.Fault and fracture prediction from coherence data analysis[J].SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2000,19(1):1564～1567.
[9]王振卿,王宏斌,龚洪林.地震相干技术的发展及在碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层预测中的应用[J].石油天然气地质与勘探,2009,6(5):35～38.
[10]方贇,柯善珍,陈家敏,等.AVO地震反演在油气预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2002,9(4):22～24.
[11]董宁,马殿仁,周晓鹰,等.叠前AVO属性反演技术及应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(增刊):21～26.
[12]尚永生,杨长春,王真理,等.塔里木盆地卡4区块AVO研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1408～1415.
[13]Shuey R T.A simplification of Zoeppitz-equation[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):609～614.
[14]郑晓东.Zoeppritz方程的近似及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1991,26(2):129～144.
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